Limitless finishing possibilities: decorative plaster on interior walls. Decorative decoration of walls in an apartment with your own hands Decorative plaster and its types

October 9, 2016
Specialization: facade finishing, interior finishing, construction of summer houses, garages. Experience of an amateur gardener and gardener. We also have experience in repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and many other things that I don’t have time for :)

Interior wall decoration is an operation that every home craftsman has to face in the process of performing home renovations. Currently, there are many finishing technologies and a wide selection of materials for these purposes, which often confuses people when choosing. To help you understand this issue, below I will try to tell you in detail about the most common modern materials and technologies interior decoration.

First of all, I note that there are two types of interior decoration:

roughing – ensures the preparation of walls for finishing. As a rule, preparation consists of leveling the surface and removing all kinds of defects;
finishing – performs a decorative function.

Rough wall finishing

Rough wall finishing can be done in two ways:

by plastering;
wall sheet materials.

Each type of finish has its pros and cons, which we will discuss below.

Plaster

Plaster is a time-tested method of rough finishing, which is still relevant in our time. Among its advantages the following points can be highlighted:

high strength, thanks to which heavy finishing materials can be mounted on top of the plaster, as well as furniture can be attached to the walls;
low cost - the price of a bag of cement plaster weighing 25 kg starts from 150 rubles;
wear resistance;
the ability to use any finishing materials;
resistance to moisture and temperature changes. Therefore, plaster is an excellent solution for use in the bathroom.

However, plaster also has some disadvantages:

fragility;

The process of plastering walls is very labor-intensive. If you turn to specialists for help, the cost of finishing increases sharply;

the layer thickness should not exceed 50-70 mm.

For these reasons, recently they have been trying to use plaster only where it is really needed. In other cases, a more modern finishing material, such as drywall, is used.

As for the installation technology, it includes several stages:

Preparing the walls consists of removing the old finishing coating, cleaning the walls from dirt and priming. After completing these procedures, work is carried out in the following sequence:

if the thickness of the plaster layer is several centimeters, it is attached to the wall metal grid. To fix it, you can use self-tapping screws with wide washers or even dowel nails;

then the guides are installed. This is the most difficult stage on which the quality of the finish depends..
As beacons, a special beacon profile is used, which is fixed to the wall using lumps of plaster mortar or special fasteners. The main difficulty in installing the guides is that they must be positioned strictly vertically and in the same plane. Therefore, first, the beacons that are outermost from the walls are installed according to the level, after which threads are stretched between them, allowing intermediate guides to be placed in the same plane.

The distance from the corner to the beacon should be 20-30 cm, while the step of the guides should be less than the length of the rule. As a rule, it is 1.5-2 m;

Next, spraying is carried out - a plaster solution of a creamy consistency is thrown onto the walls manually or mechanically. The thickness of the spray should not exceed one centimeter;

After the spray has set, the main layers are applied with a thicker solution. The thickness of each layer should not exceed 5-7 mm. In the process of applying plaster, the surface of the walls is leveled with your own hands using a rule that is stretched along the beacons from the bottom up;
During the process of applying the base layer, metal corners are glued to the outer corners to protect the corners from chipping. Internal corners are formed using a corner spatula;
the final layer is the covering - this is a liquid layer of plaster, the thickness of which does not exceed 2 mm;

After the top layer of plaster has set, the beacons are removed, and traces of them are filled with mortar. At the same time, grouting is carried out - the surface is leveled with a smooth trowel, as in the photo above. To do this, the tool makes circular movements.

This completes the process of plastering the walls.

Wall covering with sheet materials

This method of rough finishing has a number of advantages over plaster:

simplicity and high speed of installation;
no dirty work;
there is no restriction on , i.e. you can level even the most crooked walls;
it is possible to insulate the walls by placing insulation under the sheathing;
the ability to give walls complex shape, for example, make niches, arches, etc.

The disadvantage of this finish is its low strength. True, this does not apply to all materials. For example, OSB boards are a very durable coating.

The cost of these coatings depends on their type:

First of all, the ceiling and floor are marked for installation of guides, which should be located at the same vertical level;

then, following the markings, the guide profiles themselves are attached to the ceiling and floor;
then brackets for PP profiles are attached to the wall, taking into account that the step between them should be 50 cm;
after this, PP profiles are inserted into the guides, which are then fixed with self-tapping screws in the brackets;

to increase the strength of the frame, the cross members should be staggered;
then sheets of drywall are attached to the frame using self-tapping screws;
then a 5 mm chamfer is cut from the joints of the sheets, after which a sickle mesh is glued onto them;

after this, the surface of the walls is primed with two layers of acrylic primer using a paint roller;
then the joints of the sheets and the heads of the screws are puttied;
after the composition has dried, the starting putty is applied to the entire surface of the walls;
the hardened putty is sanded with a coarse mesh or sandpaper;
after sanding is completed, the walls should be wiped and primed again;
then a starting layer of putty is applied and carefully sanded with a fine mesh.

If the walls of the house are smooth, installation of drywall can be done without a frame. In this case, the sheets are glued with starting putty.

After completing all these steps, the walls are ready.

Finishing the walls

Once the rough finishing is complete, you can begin finishing. There are simply a huge number of options for decorating walls. Therefore, traditional coverings such as wallpaper or tile, we will not consider, but will touch only on the most modern and popular materials.

So in my opinion special attention The following coverages deserve:

All of these finishing and decorative materials have different performance properties, which I will discuss below.

Decorative rock

Decorative stone is the name given to tiles made from natural stone or other materials, for example, gypsum or plastic. It should be noted that artificial stone is practically indistinguishable from natural stone in appearance.

In the interior, such material looks very impressive and modern. Moreover, it can be used for a variety of styles.

True, decorative stone is rarely used as the main material. Usually it is combined with other coatings - wallpaper, plaster, etc., while individual areas of the room are finished with stone, corners, doorways, etc. are highlighted.

Among its advantages, in addition to its attractive appearance, the following points can be highlighted:

high strength;
practicality - the stone can withstand high humidity (with the exception of gypsum) and is easy to clean. Therefore, it can be used as an apron in the kitchen;
easy to install - ordinary tile adhesive is used to cover walls with stone. Moreover, during the installation process there is no need to ensure uniformity of seams and level the tiles. Therefore, even a beginner can cope with this task.

As for the cost of decorative stone, this material cannot be called budget:

Clinker tiles

Another modern material that has recently become very popular is clinker tiles. Let me remind you that clinker is a ceramic material that is made from shale clay using a special technology.

As for decorative qualities, this material is a tile made in the form of a brick. Thus, it allows you to imitate brickwork in the interior.

Among the advantages of clinker tiles are:

attractive appearance;
resistance to moisture, detergents and other things negative impacts. Therefore, clinker tiles are also excellent for finishing an apron;
durability - the material is able to retain its original appearance for decades.

As for installation, this process looks the same as laying regular tiles. Therefore, to do the job well, you need to have some skills.

Clinker tiles exist not only for walls, but also for floors. Moreover, you can even find kits for finishing staircase steps on sale.

It should be noted that clinker is also a fairly expensive material:

Decorative plaster

Until recently, decorative plaster was perceived exclusively as a facade material. However, in our time there is a fashion for its use in the interior.

It must be said that decorative plaster is not only the familiar “bark beetle”, as many people think. In fact, this concept includes wall coverings of different appearance.

The most common among them are the following:

marble chips - as you might guess, the decorative coating in this case is formed by marble chips glued together with a binder;
Venetian plaster is a glossy finish, externally resembling a marble coating. It should be noted that applying Venetian plaster is a complex and expensive procedure;
textured plaster - is an elastic coating that can be given any texture, for example, with a special textured roller.

Like any other materials for finishing walls inside a house, plaster has its own advantages:

easy and quick to apply;
You can cover surfaces of even the most complex shapes;
suitable for interiors of any style;
the coating can hide small unevenness of the surface being finished;
can be used in any room, as the coating is resistant to moisture and temperature changes.

As for applying decorative plaster, the instructions most often look like this:

before applying the composition, the prepared wall surface must be covered with two layers of primer;
if the plaster was purchased in the form of a dry mixture, it must be diluted in water according to the instructions on the package;
then the coating is applied to the surface of the walls in a thin layer using a spatula or trowel;
If the plaster is textured, after its application the texture is immediately formed with a roller or other devices. After setting, compositions such as “bark beetle” are rubbed with mala;
To complete the work, painting of the plaster may be required. To do this, you can use any interior water-dispersion paint.

The price of plasters depends on the composition of the mixture and the manufacturer:

Liquid wallpaper

Considering modern wall finishing materials for interior works, we can’t help but mention liquid wallpaper. I’ll say right away that the name “wallpaper” in this case is very arbitrary, since this material is applied in liquid form and, accordingly, is much more reminiscent of decorative plaster.

The composition of liquid wallpaper can be very different. As a rule, it contains:

cotton and silk fibers;
cellulose;
acrylic dispersion, which serves as a binding component;
dyes;
all kinds of plasticizers

Due to the presence of silk and other fibers, this coating, after drying, vaguely resembles fabric wallpaper. Hence the name.

As for the advantages, they are the same as those of decorative plaster. The only thing that should be noted is that liquid wallpaper is susceptible to moisture, but it can be reused. In this case, they are soaked and carefully removed from the walls.

To make liquid wallpaper moisture-resistant, they need to be varnished. In this case, their repeated use is, of course, excluded.

The disadvantage of this material is its high cost:

Brand	Price
Silk Plaster	From 130 rub. 1m2
Bayramix Koza	From 1000 rub. kg
Bioplast	250-350 rub. 1m2
Silkcoat	1100 rub. 1 kg

Water dispersion paints

Modern finishing of the interior walls of the house can be done with water-dispersion paint. Of course, the idea of painting walls is far from new. Also in Soviet times The walls of the kitchen and bathroom were often painted, however, the result of such finishing left much to be desired.

Modern water-based coatings are on a qualitatively different level. Among their advantages the following points can be highlighted:

form an attractive matte, sometimes even silky film on the surface;
dry within a few hours;
have no odor;
There are moisture-resistant water-dispersion paints;
are tinted, so you can get any desired shade and not waste time looking for the right paint;
durability is significantly higher than that of oil paints, which were used in Soviet times. In addition, water-dispersed coatings do not fade in the sun;
the painted surface can be repainted without removing the old coating layer.

The disadvantage of this solution is the need for careful preparation of the base. The fact is that even the smallest flaws on the wall become more noticeable after painting.

As for the cost, water-dispersion paints can be both cheap and very expensive:

Brand	Price
LAKRA	600 rub. 14kg
Dulux Easy BW	1250 rub. 2.5kg
Tikkurila euro power 7	1000 rub. 1.7kg
Tex	880 rub. 14kg

Plastic panels

Wall decoration inside a private house or apartment can be done with plastic panels. This is a practical moisture-resistant material, which is usually used for corridors, kitchens and bathrooms.

It must be said that modern plastic panels can imitate different materials, such as:

tree;
tile;
marble, etc.

Thanks to this, they are suitable for almost any interior. In addition, the panels have some other advantages:

do not require rough finishing of walls;
easy to install;
easy to clean
They are a budget material and yet have an attractive appearance. The price starts from 50 rubles for a panel measuring 3000x100 mm.

To install panels without rough finishing, it is necessary to construct a frame. It can be made in the same way as a drywall frame. The only thing keep in mind is that the profiles must be positioned across the panels.

Often the frame is made from wooden slats. However, this does not change the principle of its design.

As an example, consider the vertical installation of panels:

U-shaped guides should be installed on the ceiling and floor. Special corner profiles are installed in the corners. The profiles are fixed with self-tapping screws.
Keep in mind that all guides must be level;
the first panel is inserted into the horizontal guides and inserted into the corner profile;
on the groove side, the panel is fixed to the frame with self-tapping screws;
then a second panel is inserted, which is connected to the first, and secured to the frame with self-tapping screws in the same way. The entire wall is sheathed according to this principle;
the penultimate panel is cut lengthwise from the groove side, after which it is connected to the penultimate panel. To tuck it into the corner profile, the outer edge needs to be bent slightly.

If the walls are smooth, you can install the panels on mounting strips and clamps. Mounting strips are attached directly to the wall with self-tapping screws or dowel nails. Clamps are clips that are inserted into mounting strips and secure the panels, as shown in the diagram below.

Here, perhaps, are all the modern finishing materials for interior walls that I wanted to tell you about. Of course, there are a huge number of other coatings, but it is the products described above that are most popular.

Conclusion

All of the above materials and technologies for interior wall decoration have their own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, each homeowner must decide for himself “which path to take.” In this case, of course, it is necessary to take into account the future design of the room and financial possibilities, since the cost of these materials is also different.

By watching the video in this article, you can learn Additional information. If you have not found answers to any of your questions regarding wall decoration, ask them in the comments, and I will be happy to answer you.

Decorative wall decoration will help you create a unique designer design in your apartment. Today, many technologies have been developed that make it possible to approach this matter creatively. To make the interior design exclusive, use ready-made prints and sketches for drawings in different techniques, decorative panels and mosaic inserts, mirror tiles and synthetic materials imitating wood and stone. The most interesting thing is wall decoration using homemade decorative panels. The self-taught decorator will come to the aid of ready-made ideas from famous designers, master classes by decorators and tips from technologists on wall finishing. modern materials.

Where to start in decorative wall decoration?

Don't start high-quality repairs, unless there is a stylistic solution, otherwise the money will be wasted. Before starting an interior renovation, it is worth considering not only the decision on individual decorative elements, but also deciding which interior style is preferable for renovation:

Art Deco;
modern;
classic;
avant-garde;
high tech;
techno;
country;
ecostyle;
ethnicity;
historical style.

Create an original decorative finish outer wall or internal without much effort will not be difficult. New building materials appear on the construction market every year, which are successfully used for original cladding in residential or non-residential premises. Previously about unusual materials and finishing technologies one could only dream of. Today, everyone has access to marble-effect tiles at the price of regular porcelain stoneware or veneered wallpaper with mosaic inserts in the marquetry style. For example, imitation wood in decorative wall decoration, photo:

Tip: To make a decision on wall decoration, it is important to consider:

what the modern construction market offers;
which latest trends in fashion for designer decoration and decoration of residential premises;
what technologists and finishing craftsmen offer.

When using ready-made plastic panels with imitation of natural materials it is easy to achieve maximum results at minimum costs. For those city residents who are not limited in funds for repairs, there is no need to decorate the walls with decorative panels or cut porcelain tiles for mosaic panel. Wealthy people trust only specialists with Venetian plaster or a multi-level ceiling with stained glass and LED backlight. An interesting effect can be achieved in another way - by experimenting with inexpensive materials and their combination.

The simplest wall decor - stencils

Using original stencil designs - perfect solution for those who do not know how to draw, but want to make exclusive decorative wall decoration, photo:

Sketches and silhouette drawings are easy to find, then these outlines are transferred to dense material. By holding the stencil or fixing it on the wall, it is easy to obtain the desired image of any color. Paints can be:

spray with a spray gun or spray can;
roll out with a roller with attachments;
paint over broadly paint brush or an artistic brush.

Natural materials are also used to create a beautiful stencil design. For example, lightly rolling a roller over a large maple leaf can easily produce a naturalistic impression, including the veins. The contours are outlined by spot spraying paint of a different color. And the maple leaf itself can be impregnated with paints of different colors to get colored leaves.

On simple example it is easy to verify that original decor It’s very easy to do it yourself, without the talent of an artist. It is enough to have a desire, good taste and creative inclinations. This method is suitable for different techniques:

shadow silhouettes;
recognizable two-color images (Tsoi, Che Guevara, Marilyn Monroe and other cult personalities);
color template contrasts.

Tip: Use crumpled foil, a coarse sponge, faux fur, and different roller attachments with expressive textures to achieve an interesting effect. In this case, the paint in the stencil gap is applied fragmentarily.

Other decorating methods for those who cannot draw

There are many techniques to get an interesting drawing without the skills of an artist. For example, together with your child it is easy to make a fairy tree on the wall for decorative decoration of interior walls.

1. It’s easy to cut out the silhouette of a tree trunk with a hollow and branches from colored paper or cardboard. And it is proposed to draw the leaves using prints of children's palms dipped in gouache. These improvised leaves are then corrected with a brush. And in the hollow you can “plant” an owl printed on a printer. The fairytale tree can easily be supplemented with other birds.

2. For finished images, use the appliqué or collage method, when a small image or a whole panel is laid out from several fragments.

3. Ready-made puzzles are also suitable - the upper part of the picture is folded and pasted on the wall, and the lower part or corner seems to crumble and blow away in the wind.

4. They will help you get a finished drawing on the wall vinyl stickers, which were purchased at your local stationery store. They also decorate furniture and other interior items. The only wish is that the theme of the stickers should match both the style and seasonality.

5. Using volumetric applique from:

paper;
thin plastic;
polystyrene foam;
cotton wool;
dry plants, spikelets and other natural materials.

6. Classic decorative wall decoration - photos - framed, in the form of collages or an entire installation. Designers have proposed many original methods for decorating walls with photographic images, including printing enlarged images with industrial prints.

The only drawback is that after some time these elements will have to be replaced, since dust accumulates on them.

Tip: If you are not confident in your ability to decorate walls yourself, first experiment with applique on any other smooth surface. The fragments can be easily secured to the door with double-sided tape to evaluate the results. If it turns out beautifully, transfer the decor to the wall and secure it firmly.

Some people like to change the decor of their room frequently, for example, depending on the season. Then you should not mount the elements on the wall. Then the tree drawn in the children’s room will be able to “grow” with a new “robe” every 3 months:

young spring leaves with flowers;
large leaves with summer fruits;
colorful autumn foliage;
snowflakes or “cotton” frost.

Attention: An interesting effect can be achieved if the wall is decorated not only with single images, but also with repeating ones. For example, flying butterflies or birds, leaves or snowflakes.

Textured and decorative plaster

Another way decorative design walls in the apartment - wall decoration with decorative plaster. The construction market has many interesting offers for original wall decoration. The method is also good because it solves several problems at once:

we do repairs;
getting rid of wall defects;
updating the design of the apartment;
decorate the walls.

Tip: This is the final cladding of walls over a prepared surface. But you should not choose this method if the wall being treated often gets dirty. The cellular texture quickly becomes clogged with dust, kitchen fumes and other contaminants.

Not every technology for applying decorative plaster is easy to master for the first time, for example, layer-by-layer “Venetian”, which only a professional can handle. Simpler varieties are obtained “by themselves”, thanks to a special chemical composition and original ways of obtaining volumetric texture. We suggest watching a video on the technique of working with decorative plaster, which is located at the end of the article.

Decorative panels and mosaics made of broken tiles

Great decorative material for wall decoration - ceramic tiles and porcelain stoneware, especially imported ones. For original panels use:

mosaic soft tiles;
porcelain tiles imitating marble and gems;
elite imported tiles;
cameos and other three-dimensional drawings;
special decorative inserts;
broken ceramic tiles for mosaic panels.

Decorative inserts and rosettes are sold in finished form, where a print or relief design is applied to one or more tiles. Looks impressive on a solid wall lined with uniform tiles or porcelain stoneware. Suitable for decorative finishing of walls in residential and non-residential premises. For the bathroom, functional fragments are produced, that is, tiles with a towel hook or soap stand.

A picturesque panel is often used to decorate a wall in an apartment. It can be small in size or occupy the entire wall in the bathroom, hallway or bedroom. It looks beautiful when the theme of the decor has something in common on the floor, walls, ceiling and furniture. For example, picturesque paintings with Japanese cherry blossoms echo the “open sky” stretch ceiling, complementing the exoticism of the country with a mosaic pattern of a geisha on the floor.

So that the decorative canvas fills the entire wall large room, special frieze panels are produced, where the main element is in the center. Next, the image is complemented by tiles in all directions with or without a specific pattern.

The relief tile panel is not inferior in beauty to the decorative decoration of walls with wallpaper with a 3D effect. Sometimes the volume is so realistic that you want to go down these steps onto a Parisian street or into the forest right from the hallway or kitchen!

These are ready-made images, but making a panel from broken tiles with your own hands is a fascinating process, an opportunity to show your imagination. There are a lot of similar sketches so you don’t have to figure out where to put them:

fragments of ceramic tiles;
porcelain stoneware trimmings;
ornamental stone;
fragments of broken colored glass and mirror tiles.

Wall decor with natural and “wild” stone and facing bricks

Original wall decoration decorative bricks and bare masonry has been used for a long time. In some interior styles this is the main facing material:

urbanism;
brutalism;
techno;
high tech;
avant-garde;
disco;
minimalism, etc.

Decorative natural stone is the oldest wall cladding known to mankind. But today the synthetic analogue and “soft stone” are most widespread. Some types of such wall decoration are easy to make yourself - based on gypsum or cement mixture, with the addition of pigment and texture inclusions. But the most impressive finishes involve natural materials:

colored sandstone;
shell rock;
marble and granite;
slate, etc.

Inserts made from cut ornamental stones look very beautiful:

jasper;
agate;
malachite;
sardonyx;
chalcedony;
cornelian;
milky amber, etc.

Colored marble is an indispensable finishing material, but it is very expensive and is considered an elite cladding. That is why it is proposed to replace it with harder and cheaper porcelain stoneware with a similar texture and pattern. Today it is possible to obtain the most picturesque analogues of rare varieties of marble, the reserves of which, unfortunately, have almost been depleted in most deposits. Now finishing the walls decorative stone natural origin is becoming a thing of the past, and it is being successfully replaced by a synthetic analogue.

The crystalline texture of natural stone looks great in good lighting, and porcelain stoneware fades in artificial lighting. Decorating walls with artificial analogues is duller, but accessible to most city dwellers.

Decorating walls with plastic and other synthetic materials

Affordable price tags and ease of installation are the main reasons for the displacement of natural materials by artificial analogues. The most commonly used wall cladding is:

natural wood and its replacement;
mirror and plastic panels;
non-woven wallpaper for painting with a voluminous decorative pattern or jacquard fiberglass;
original rolls with a texture imitating fabric, suede and leather.

Decorative panels made of plastic with imitation of natural materials are affordable, easy to install, clean or wash. Laminated “wood-like” plastic looks good, and it cannot always be distinguished from wood. It harmonizes perfectly with natural parquet and woodwork.

Ready Wall panels attach to the prepared surface. This finish simultaneously serves as decoration and insulation, and also hides some wall defects. From fragments of cut plastic panels you can also lay out panels and mosaics on any theme.

No one modern renovation cannot do without finishing the interior walls. But before carrying out such work, it is necessary to select a material for cladding. Modern interiors very diverse. Combinations are used to design them different materials. In this case, you must take into account the operating conditions and characteristics of the material.

Finishing methods: wallpaper

Decorative finishing The walls in an apartment are often covered with wallpaper. This cladding option is one of the most popular today. Wallpapers are offered for sale in a wide variety. They can have different patterns, colors and textures. Finishing can be done independently, which reduces the cost of repairs.

By choosing a paper variety, you are purchasing a material that is not durable. Vinyl wallpapers are more durable and able to withstand moisture. Acrylic canvases are the most durable. Non-woven ones are suitable for further coloring. If the room has fire safety requirements, you should purchase fiberglass wallpaper, which is also suitable for further painting.

Decorative plaster

Internal decorative finishing of walls can be done with plaster. This material also allows you to level the walls. It can be used in interior decoration classic style. One of the most beautiful decorative plasters is Venetian. At correct application on the wall it allows you to create the effect of marble.

Wall plaster is offered for sale in a wide variety of colors. Using textured compositions, surfaces can be decorated with fancy patterns. Plaster copes well with moisture, but it has one important drawback: it is difficult to apply. The mixture has a fairly high cost, and the work of specialists is quite expensive.

Using natural stone

Decorative wall decoration in the kitchen can be made with natural stone. If you process the seams correctly, the wall will look very realistic. The material is durable, but has a fairly impressive weight. It is almost not subject to mechanical stress, and is ready to serve for decades.

Among the disadvantages of the stone, labor intensity should be highlighted installation work and the high cost of the material. Before laying, the surface needs to be leveled, which is also quite difficult. It is sometimes not possible to completely cover a wall with natural stone due to the impressive weight of the products.

Ceramic tile

You can decorate the walls ceramic tiles. This material is characterized by average cost, durability and strength. Tiles are commonly used in kitchens and bathrooms because they handle moisture well. Such cladding can have a variety of colors, sizes, textures and patterns. When laying, it is necessary to maintain the evenness of the seams, which comes with experience.

Wall panels made of polyvinyl chloride and wood

Decorative finishing of walls can be done using panels. They are characterized by ease of installation and the absence of the need for complex surface preparation. Wood panels are natural, they do not harm human health, but they are very expensive. A room with such walls will look chic.

The panels allow you to hide uneven walls. The material retains heat well, so you can save on heating costs. Wood tolerates temperature changes well, but absorbs moisture. From time to time, products will have to be coated with a protective coating, which can come at a cost.

Decorative wall decoration has recently been increasingly performed using PVC panels. They are a cheaper material and compete with natural stone. PVC panels are often used for loggias and bathrooms due to their ability to withstand moisture.

Painting walls

If you don’t want to spend too much time on repairs, you can choose wall painting technology. Paint colors can be combined to create a variety of patterns. This finish is suitable for premises of any purpose.

The paint is not exposed to moisture and temperature changes. The main disadvantage is toxicity. Before you start applying, you need to level the walls.

Applying plaster: tool used

Finishing walls with decorative plaster requires the preparation of the following tools:

trowels;
scraper;
roller;
graters;
spatulas;
drills.

It is better if the working elements of the tools are made of stainless steel. This is due to the fact that ordinary metal can leave rusty stains on the surface that will be impossible to get rid of.

Surface preparation

Regardless of what kind of decorative plaster you plan to use, the walls must be leveled, dried and cleaned before application. Traces of old coatings must be removed, as well as uneven surfaces and cracks. Then a primer is applied to the base. It will ensure good adhesion and durability of the finish coat. Additional preparations may also be required.

Spray method

Finishing walls with decorative plaster begins with applying the material using the spray method. This option for creating relief is considered the simplest. The surface must be plastered. After applying and drying the layer, another one is applied on top.

To form the texture, you can use different tools, it could even be a broom. They take it in one hand and a stick in the other. The broom is dipped into the solution and hits the stick. The resulting splashes of solution will settle on the wall. On the surface you will see flakes, the size of which will depend on the thickness of the solution and the broom. The surface where the spray is applied can be pre-painted. The applied plaster must have a different color.

Creating a relief surface

If you decide to use decorative plaster for interior wall decoration, you can try to create a relief surface yourself. You can use a trowel during this process. Once you have applied the covering layer, you need to apply plaster to the trowel, and then with light movements you can transfer the mixture to the base. At the same time, you should try to create a unique pattern.

There is another method - textured, which allows you to decorate the walls in antique style. To do this, apply plaster in several layers and paint. Looking at the photo of the decorative wall decoration, you can pay attention to the shading in the form of a fleece. This coating is carried out over fresh plaster. It is processed with a metal brush. The layer is then dried for 24 hours, and then the plaster particles can be removed with a spatula, sponge or rag.

Installation technology for decorative panels

Wall decoration can be done with panels that are installed on the frame. If the walls are smooth, then you can use the adhesive installation method. To do this, the surface is cleaned of old finishing materials. The work requires the master to have experience and strength. The panels are glued with silicone or acrylic glue. You can purchase products with a self-adhesive surface.

Decorating walls with decorative panels may involve installing the material on a frame made of metal profiles or wooden slats. The aluminum profile does not require treatment, but the wood must be impregnated with moisture-resistant agents and antiseptics. Installation of a metal frame is a priority.

Initially, you will need to install the upper guide, which is located under the ceiling. It is leveled using a laser level or level. The profile is fastened with dowels or self-tapping screws. The lower guides are installed in one plane. The strips should be positioned perpendicular to the panels. After fixing the upper and lower guides, you can begin installing the vertical intermediate profiles. The distance between them can be 50 cm.

At the next stage, you can install decorative wall panels for interior decoration. To do this, a starting profile is fixed from the corner of the wall. The panels will be attached to it in the future. You can use self-tapping screws for this.

If the frame is made of wood, then fixation is carried out with a construction stapler. There are panels on sale that are installed using special brackets. Fastening of products can be done using a tongue-and-groove type locking connection or using special jointing. Each element is leveled so that the wall is in the same plane.

After finishing is completed, you can install special strips that will give the room a complete look. If necessary, heat-insulating or sound-absorbing material can be laid between the panels and the wall.

Pasting wallpaper

Decorative decoration of walls with wallpaper is carried out most often today. At the first stage, the surface must be prepared. To do this, it is leveled, covered with plaster and primer. Then, using a long plumb line and chalk, you need to draw a straight line on the wall, which will become a guide for gluing the first sheet.

Decorative wall finishing at the next stage involves trimming the wallpaper. It is necessary to add approximately 2 cm of margin to the required length so that it is possible to even out unevenness near the floor. Glue is applied to the underside of the wallpaper. Some varieties of the described finish involve applying the composition to the wall. Before continuing work, it is necessary to wipe off the glue from the surface of the first sheet. The mixture is applied with a roller or brush. First you need to distribute the composition in the center of the sheet, and then apply the mixture to the edges. The wallpaper should be left for a while so that it is well soaked, only then can you start gluing the canvases.

Working with liquid wallpaper

You can also decorate walls using liquid wallpaper. To do this, the surface should be checked for uniformity, absence of differences and potholes. The base must be strong and have uniform moisture absorption capacity.

At the first stage, old materials are removed from the walls, including wallpaper, plaster and paint. If there are protruding screws, nails or other objects, they must be removed. If there are depressions, they are decorated with putty. It is better to prepare the walls by covering them with putty. A gypsum composition is suitable for this. This is especially true plasterboard partitions and walls.

Preparation of liquid wallpaper

Liquid wallpaper is prepared in advance. After mixing, they are left for 6-12 hours, after which you can begin work. The material at the base of the walls is first primed. When mixing the composition, it is very important to observe some nuances. For example, water must be taken in such quantity that its volume corresponds to what is stated in the instructions.

First, water is poured into the prepared container, to which the dry mixture is added. You cannot knead only part of the package. Once the entire mass is saturated with water, you can begin application. To do this, use a trowel, grater, gun or spray gun. There are special graters for this material, which have a narrower blade. They are often made of transparent plastic. This allows you to control the process of smoothing the fibers.

Finally

Today there are a great variety of materials for wall decoration. This can be decorative plaster, wallpaper or polyvinyl chloride panels. Ceramic tiles are quite widespread and can often be found in kitchens or bathrooms. If you want to speed up the process and make the repair less labor-intensive, then you should choose paint. Wood or PVC panels are excellent for smooth walls. The latter will also allow you to save money not only when purchasing material, but also when carrying out work. And if the walls are smooth, you will also be able to save time.

Decorative finishing of walls is most often carried out based on individual perception of color and focusing on the wishes of the owner of the room being decorated.

A wide variety of ideas for harmonious interior creation that help create coziness and comfort in your own home, soothe, help you relax, relieving physical and emotional stress and restoring strength.

Types of decorative wall decoration

Decorative decoration of walls in a room contributes to the creation of an individual and unique design.

Existing technologies today make it possible to create a wide variety of interiors.

This diversity is possible thanks to a wide range of finishing materials for decorative wall decoration, depending on which the types are classified:

decorative plaster;
wall decoration with wallpaper;
finishing the walls with plasterboard;
finishing the walls with wood, using MDF panels and laminate;
clinker tiles and artificial stone.

Decorative finishing made using these materials allows you to create a unique and inimitable space in various stylistic directions from classic to the most modern and revolutionary.

Painting the walls

It is recommended to use alkyd and acrylic compositions

Decorating walls by painting them with various paints is probably the simplest and most common way to perform finishing work.

This method of decorative finishing is especially popular due to the ability to use all the variety color range and the availability of various techniques for applying paint compositions to the surface being treated.

For interior work, mainly two main types of paints are used:

Acrylic paint is water-based and water-dispersion paint. Such compositions are odorless, easy to use, dry quickly and are suitable for painting almost any interior space.
Alkyd paint is dissolved with white spirit or turpentine. Used for painting large and small decorative elements made of wood or metal, as well as window and door frames, heating radiators and pipes.

By using paints of different colors, you can create a unique and at the same time cozy room.

The technology for applying paint is quite simple and well-known, but despite this, it requires compliance with certain recommendations and the sequence of operations:

First, careful preparation of the walls is carried out, which includes plaster and putty to obtain a flat and smooth surface.
Surface grinding to create the highest quality base.
Next, a primer is applied, which allows you to regulate paint consumption and prevent its overuse.
Applying the first coat of paint with a roller or brush.
Finishing layer device.

The quality of the painted surface largely depends on how the base was made, so special attention must be paid to the preparation of the surface to be painted.

Decorative plaster, which can be made from various mixtures with the addition of components that give it a rich variety of colors, is in great demand.

Decorative plaster allows you to create surfaces of various structures, grain sizes and reliefs.

Walls treated with decorative plaster solutions have the following advantages:

protected from mechanical damage;
are able to maintain their original appearance for a long time;
creating an individual interior using decorative plaster does not take much time;
the solutions contain environmentally friendly materials;
surfaces with decorative plaster are easy to clean and wash.

Decorative compositions are prepared by mixing specially selected components with water. The technique of applying plaster to the surface is quite simple and consists of performing the following operations:

The main attention must be paid to preparing the surface and diluting the plaster composition, during which color characteristics are formed by adding various coloring pigments, and the consistency of the solution is selected, on which the texture of the newly completed surface will depend.

Decorative wall decoration with wallpaper

Each type of wallpaper has its own characteristics in gluing

The classic version of wall decoration with wallpaper will always remain in demand, light and affordable.

Decorative wall covering with wallpaper is possible in a wide variety of compositions and stylistic directions thanks to a large selection of high-quality, beautiful and exquisite wallpaper, represented by the following options:

Paper ones can be single-layer or double-layer, embossed and background. They are easy to glue, inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and are used to decorate bedrooms and children's rooms. The disadvantage is their fragility, they fade in the sun and get dirty easily.
Vinyl is foamed vinyl glued to a paper or non-woven backing. They can be smooth and embossed with various patterns, which can be made by silk-screen printing or hot stamping.
Non-woven wallpaper has high strength, but at the same time allows air to pass through well. It is very convenient to use them during work. Able to smooth out unevenness and roughness of the base. They wash and clean well, are suitable for kitchens and hallways, and have good moisture resistance.
Natural wallpaper consists of materials made from natural ingredients, such as cork, jute, bamboo, tongue and groove, straw, seaweed and reed, glued onto a paper or non-woven base. This wallpaper is pleasant to look and feel. It is advisable to glue such wallpaper in shady rooms, as they are afraid of direct sunlight. To learn how to choose wallpaper for your apartment, watch this video:

To complete the wallpaper, install ceiling borders

The process of gluing wallpaper on walls does not take much time and labor, and if you have a certain skill, provided that it is completed in a timely manner. preparatory work. It consists of the following simple operations:

cutting wallpaper to size;
breeding adhesive composition in accordance with the instructions;
plaster and surface putty;
grinding and priming the resulting base;
applying glue to the wallpaper and gluing it to the prepared surface.

When applying wallpaper to the wall, you need to ensure the verticality of the canvases. Adjustment of the canvas for uniform gluing and removal of possible excess glue must be done from the middle to the edges and from top to bottom.

Decorative wall finishing with plasterboard

GKL installation is carried out on a frame made of aluminum guides

Gypsum board is used when it is necessary to create a flat surface, on which you can then paint, wallpaper, cladding with ceramic tiles, artificial or natural stone.

Various architectural details can be made from gypsum board - columns, arches, portals and other decorative elements.

The installation technology is available to everyone and is as follows:

Mounted on walls by level and plumb metal carcass using anchors.
Plasterboard sheets are mounted on the frame and secured with self-tapping screws.
The seams between the sheets and the places where the self-tapping screws pass through them are puttied and taped to help prevent the appearance of cracks.

The selected type of finishing coating can be installed on the resulting surface.

Walls made of gypsum board are non-toxic, non-flammable, environmentally friendly, provide sound insulation for the room, and the space between the main wall and the gypsum wall, the thickness of which is equal to the width of the metal profile, can be filled with insulation, which improves the thermal insulation of the room.

Moreover, this suitable option for decorating walls with your own hands.

Other wall finishing options

In addition to the above methods of decorative finishing of premises, there are also such methods as coating frame structure, made from wooden materials, their derivatives and elements imitating wooden structures.

Also quite often used are options for finishing rooms using decorative and natural stone. Finish example artificial stone hallway, watch this video:

Can be combined different types finishing

These two types of interior decoration can be used independently and independently of each other, but experience and practice show that their combined use allows you to create very beautiful, comfortable and cozy interiors.

Combine combination options various materials It is possible not only with wood and stone, but also with all of the listed methods of decorative wall decoration, which in itself can create an individual, stylistically independent interior.

Apartment renovation implies high-quality and original design all existing surfaces in the room. For this purpose, modern materials are used to decorate the walls in the apartment.

Types of finishing materials used in the interior

The options for wall decoration in modern apartment design are quite varied (see Wall decoration with MDF panels).

For this we use:

Wallpaper.
Decorative plaster.
Fake diamond.

Ceramics.
PVC panels (see Wall decoration with PVC panels).

Wallpaper for interior decoration

Wall decoration and options using wallpaper are very different due to the difference in the material itself (see Wall decoration in the living room).

Currently used:

Paper.
Non-woven.
Vinyl.

Textile.
Liquid.

All about paper wallpaper, characteristics:

This is the most common design option for wall surfaces. They allow air to pass through perfectly. Therefore, you should not use the material in rooms where there is humidity. They are also able to easily absorb moisture. To a greater extent, they perform decorative functions.

This material has a large selection of colors and designs. Standard width paper wallpaper is 50 cm. The material is produced in rolls 25-50 m long. Paper wallpaper very light and different types of embossing are used on their surface.

Non-woven wallpaper:

This type of wallpaper is a more durable material. It is also produced in rolls, only the width in some cases can reach 1-1.20 m. Non-woven wallpaper is moisture resistant, which makes it very simple and easy to clean.

Advice. The surface of such wallpaper can only be cleaned with a damp cloth and not using abrasives.

Today there are two types of non-woven wallpaper:

For painting.
Structural.

Vinyl wallpaper

Vinyl wallpapers a fairly common option for wall decoration. They are a paper or non-woven material, protective layer which is polyvinyl chloride.

This type of wallpaper is also moisture resistant and its surface is not capable of absorbing dirt. It is easy to clean with a regular damp cloth. Wallpaper is glued very easily and quickly, as it comes in different sizes.

Quite often you can find embossed elements on the surface, which add originality to the design of the room. Vinyl wallpaper can be silk-screened. There are types of them that have a heavy mass. Due to this, they can be used to level the surface if it has not too deep or large defects.

Textile wallpaper

Wallpaper of this type is a roll material, the surface of which is fabric. The material is quite dense and durable (see Wall decoration with fabric).

Advice. Textile wallpaper should not be used in rooms where there are different odors and high air humidity, as they absorb unpleasant odors very well.

Textile wallpapers come in a variety of designs and types. They stick to the surface quite easily and quickly.

Advice. When using such a finishing material, it is worth considering that the wallpaper is quite dense and to ensure a high-quality finish, glue is applied to the surface of the wall and to the inside of the wallpaper.

Liquid wallpaper

Liquid wallpaper is a new type of finishing coating, which consists of special mixtures and fabric inclusions. This material is sold in dry form, and in order to apply it to the surface there are specific instructions according to which they are diluted.

To install this material you will need:

Container for mixing the solution.
A construction mixer used to mix the mortar.
Two spatulas.
Liquid in a spray bottle.

The principle of applying such wallpaper is very similar to applying plaster. Everything is done in a similar way, only here it is necessary to apply only one layer. If the surface is damaged, you usually need to moisten the area with water and apply it with a spatula, and as a result, the appearance of the wallpaper will be renewed.

Wallpapering the surface

The process of gluing the surface is quite simple, and you can do it yourself without the involvement of specialists in this field. The most important thing is to properly and efficiently prepare the surface for such work.

Preparatory work:

This finishing material can only be glued onto a flat surface. It can be leveled with plasterboard or plaster. Drywall is a more practical material, which is mounted on a special profile metal frame. With plastering there is a larger volume, and the whole process is characterized by a large amount of construction waste and dust after completion.

Advice. If leveling the surface needs to be done very quickly and efficiently, then it is better to use drywall.

Every surface must be treated with a primer solution. If you don’t have it at hand, then use regular wallpaper glue instead, which will be used to carry out the pasting process. It is applied in a small layer to the surface and wait until completely absorbed.

Pasting process

To paste the walls you need to use:

Container for mixing adhesive.
Tool for mixing the composition (wooden stick).
Brushes (1 - for applying glue to the wallpaper, 2 - on the wall surface).

Foam rollers for leveling wallpaper on the surface.
Dry rags.

Stages of work:

Before cutting the required strip size for the surface from a roll of wallpaper, you must first attach the material to the wall and make marks at the top and bottom using a pencil. Using scissors, cut a piece and coat it with glue. The same actions are carried out on the surface of the wall.

The strip is applied and begins to be leveled from the very top to the bottom, using rollers and rags. All this is also done with other stripes.

Advice. As a rule, when gluing wallpaper, difficulties often arise with the joints of the material, which are formed as a result of poor-quality coating of the strip. To prevent this from happening, a special paper tape is glued to the surface under each joint, which easily holds the edges of the wallpaper on the surface.

Decorative plaster for wall decoration

Modern wall decoration in an apartment can be done using such an interesting means as decorative plaster. The basic type of plaster has been used for centuries.

Types of decorative plaster:

Silicate plaster.
Silicone.
Acrylic.
Mineral.

More details about materials:

Silicate plaster is quite strong and durable. It does not absorb dirt and is quite easy to clean with a damp cloth. Before choosing this type of plaster, it is worth considering that it very easily breaks off from the surface if accidentally hit.
Silicone plaster is the most practical. It consists of polymer binders. The price is quite high. It is easily applied to the surface due to its elasticity.

The most versatile is acrylic plaster. It is used not only in interior but also in exterior work. It can be used in any room with any air humidity and temperature changes. The drying process is very fast, which makes it possible to complete finishing work several times faster.
Mineral plaster is not very durable. Especially when the walls are constantly exposed to some kind of vibration. It cracks and falls off the surface very easily and can be used in decorative works Not recommended. This is the cheapest remedy.

Advice. The choice of decorative plaster is based on the surface material and the complexity of the work.

How to apply decorative plaster

Wall decoration with modern materials is distinguished by its simplicity and ease of implementation. All this can be said about decorative plaster. To apply it, you need to prepare the surface.

Surface preparation:

Decorative plaster can only be applied to a flat surface, since the purpose of its application is to decorate the room. Drywall, plaster or any other methods are used to level the surface.

Advice. When choosing a material for leveling the surface, it is worth considering that decorative plaster can only be applied to ordinary plaster.

Therefore, starting plaster is applied to the surface in several layers (the number of layers depends on the size of the defects on the surface), each of which, after complete drying, is treated with sandpaper.
After the starting plaster, finishing plaster is applied, which is designed to hide small defects of the first layer. It is applied according to the same principle as the starting one.

To apply regular plaster you will need:

Building level.
Construction mesh.

Two spatulas of different sizes.
Construction mixer for mixing mortar.

Container for solution.
Sandpaper.

The process of applying decorative plaster

Decorating the surface of a wall using decorative plaster is a fairly simple process (recommended, see Finishing corners in an apartment).

For it you will need:

2 medium spatulas.
Sandpaper.
Container and construction mixer.

The product is applied in small layers, it all depends on the type of plaster.

Advice. In any case, the first layer on the surface of decorative plaster should be translucent. It will provide the basis for further surface decoration.

The video shows this process from start to finish and there is nothing complicated about it, especially if the surface is well prepared.

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