What does the drain tank look like inside. Do-it-yourself installation, adjustment and repair of the toilet flush mechanism

The drain mechanism for the toilet bowl from time to time malfunctions. There are two ways to solve the problem: call a plumber, waiting for a long and nervous time for his arrival, or fix the bathroom yourself. The second option is cheaper and faster, but in order to carry out the work correctly, you need to know a few nuances, including the device of the unit and the features of its operation.

general information

There are several designs of drain tanks on the market. Regardless of this, they are characterized by the presence of a pair required elements- floor or wall tank and top.

In the traditional installation scheme, the cistern and toilet are connected as one. The main advantage of the design is the combination of two elements without the need to install an additional exhaust pipe. Despite the efficiency and practicality of the classical scheme, analogues of the built-in and suspended type are becoming more and more popular. This allows you to completely hide the drain tank, and the system is started by activating the push-button controller located on the panel.

Types of flush mechanism for the toilet cistern

Most often, push-button or rod drain devices are used. The first option is relevant for containers closed type, the button is placed on the side or in the center of the tank. There is a variant of mounting the device with two buttons, one of which works in full mode, the second one drains half as much water. This allows you to save resources, if there is such a need.

Levers and chains are used in the system wall hung toilets. To operate the mechanism, it is enough to pull the lever connected to the chain. It is usually located on the side of the tank. Regardless of the type of installation, a distinction is made between mechanical and automatic flush. Repair of these two structures also has its own characteristics.

Water supply system

The device of the drain mechanism in the toilet cistern provides for two types of water supply, namely:

  1. Side entry. It involves the placement of valves in the upper part. This design is preferred in domestic systems. Such a solution is characterized by low cost and ease of maintenance, however, it is characterized by a high level of noise during water intake. In advanced modifications, a special tube is provided that contributes to the supply of water immediately to the lower part of the tank, which significantly reduces noise.
  2. Submission of the lower type. This technology used by various manufacturers, consists in the flow of liquid from the bottom of the tank. This design is quieter, more efficient, but also more expensive.

Toilet cistern mechanism

In order to correctly identify and troubleshoot, it is necessary to have a general idea of ​​​​the device of the mechanism in question. All modifications have a fairly similar design.

The inner part includes the following elements:

  1. Shut-off and drain valves that regulate the drain and prevent the leakage of excess fluid. When filling the tank, water helps to press the special valve more tightly against the drain hole. As a result, fluid leakage stops. If this functionality is not observed and the tank passes water, this indicates a malfunction or malfunction of the locking devices.
  2. Filling type valve. It is combined with the water supply, focused on adjusting the water level in the drain tank. After reaching a certain level, the water supply stops. This principle of operation is typical for the device of the flush mechanism of the toilet bowl with a button. Modern models are equipped with a filling valve in the lower bowl and a vertical float.

There is no water supply to the tank: what to do?

This malfunction is one of the most frequent in the system. The main reason is clogging of the narrow part of the valve element. You can fix the defect yourself without any problems: you need to release all the water from the tank, remove the valve along with the float and lever. Then, the opened hole must be cleaned with a needle or wire.

After that, the valve on the inlet pipe is unscrewed (for a couple of turns), the residual blockage is washed with waste water. Next, you need to check for the free passage of fluid. If everything is in order, you can mount the removed elements in their places.

Water leakage into the room

If water appears in the room, the flush mechanism for the toilet bowl must be checked for tightness and integrity of the fasteners. At the same time, do not panic, blocking everything and everywhere, calling plumbers and ordering a new toilet. Most often, you can solve the problem in the following ways:

  1. Replace the sealing ring between the tank and the toilet bowl, after checking it for defects.
  2. Carry out a similar operation with the gaskets of the fixing screws.

These malfunctions do not require careful diagnosis, they are detected by visual and tactile inspection. If these methods did not help, it is recommended to remove the tank and replace the rubber seal on the drain channel, as well as related elements on the mounting bolts.

Fixing a model with a button

Repair of the drain mechanism of the toilet bowl with a button is carried out in the following sequence:

  • The retaining ring near the button is unscrewed. Do not apply extreme force, since the element is made mainly of plastic.
  • Remove the cover and start repairing.
  • If it turns out that the float is in the wrong position, correct it by first removing the cover.
  • In case of deformation of the pear, it will need to be replaced. To remove it, fix the float in the upper position, unscrew the pipe and drain fastening nut, dismantle the entire part of the free mechanism.
  • After removing the defective bulb, install the new model in the reverse order of removal.
  • If the bolts for fixing the working elements are worn out, replace them.

Let's consider this process in more detail. It also consists of several stages, which include repairing the flush mechanism of the toilet bowl with a button:

  1. Residual water is completely removed from the tank.
  2. It is unscrewed which is located between the float valve and. At the same time, it is released by tilting the tank shelf.
  3. The defective bolt and its paired counterpart are removed. This is important because new twin screws made of brass or stainless steel are selected next. Their size must be identical.
  4. The faience under the seat of the pear is dismantled, thoroughly cleaned. Similar manipulations are carried out with a shelf and a drain tank. The pear is lubricated with sealant, enhancing its tightness.

Assembly is in reverse order. To prevent deformation of fragile material, it is necessary to carefully tighten all fasteners with a small amount of force. After assembly, the assembly is checked by observing the presence or absence of leaks.

Malfunctions and repair of the trigger lever

Do not rush to learn how to remove the flush mechanism in the toilet bowl if there is no water drain when you press the button. In the future, this assembly will certainly need to be replaced, however, temporary repairs can be performed. Most likely, the cause of the problem is a violation of traction.

Temporary troubleshooting is carried out as follows:

  • The rod is made of thick wire, twisted into several turns. It will serve as a replacement for the original element, however, its validity is very limited. Over time, the element will begin to bend and fail.
  • Before starting repair work on the drain tank, loosen the lid locks. To do this, turn the decorative nut a couple of turns. This approach will allow access to the hosted node.

Replacing the drain tank

How to change the flush mechanism in the toilet bowl? To do this, open the lid. In its niche there are special drain holes with a diameter of 10-20 mm. They serve to supply water. One of these sockets is used to fix filling fittings equipped with a membrane-type valve.

Since the membrane is very sensitive to the quality of the liquid, its working life depends on the additional filter elements installed. In the case of a complete absence of filters, it is better to replace such a part with a lever rod counterpart.

The usual method of solving problems arising from malfunctions of the toilet cistern is to completely replace the parts. It will not take much time and will not require large financial investments. New fittings are bought for cheap modifications, taking into account the current dimensions of the connected pipes and threads.

Before installation, the joints are sealed, the reinforcement is tightened with a nut and bolt, and decorative plugs are inserted. Do not forget about seals and adjusting the tightening torque of fasteners, which should be in moderation. Otherwise, ceramic and plastic parts may be deformed, after which you will have to start all over again.

Final stage

The bottom of the drain tank is equipped with a special hole for attaching to the toilet. It is made by means of metal or plastic screws with nuts. Each type of fastener has its advantages and disadvantages: the metal version is more reliable and durable, but it is prone to corrosion. Plastic is not as durable, but is not afraid of moisture, although it requires the use of additional seals and gaskets. The main shut-off valve is mounted in the center of the drain tank, fixed with a washer and a special gasket.

Can't name the apartment private house or a well-maintained cottage if the cistern does not work well. There are a huge number of types of this type of plumbing in modern stores. But the structure of the internal mechanisms of the toilet cistern with a button does not have any special differences.

The principle of operation is identical. In the event that there are problems with the flow of water into the tank, the drain mechanism of the tank is often the cause. How to troubleshoot yourself, we will tell further.

In contact with

How is the toilet

Toilet cistern device with button not particularly complex. The insides of the tank that make up the toilet flush valve are a few basic components:

  • a hole for draining the liquid, placed at a certain angle;
  • an overflow pipe installed in the side part in relation to the drain hole;
  • valve cover with rubber seal;
  • a mechanism that performs the function of filling the tank;
  • drain button.

The device responsible for the correct filling of the tank with water is the water supply mechanism. It consists of the following elements:

  • a device with a float;
  • stop valve.

The principle of operation of the float device is as follows. A float is attached directly to the lever mechanism, for the manufacture of which metal or plastic is used. As a result of changing the filling level of the toilet bowl, the location of the float changes. At the maximum filling of the container, the device is in the maximum raised position.

It is in this position the lever acts on the check valves, which do not allow liquids to enter the container. As soon as the liquid has drained, the float drops to a minimum level, and the locking mechanism opens, as a result of which the liquid again begins to flow freely into the tank.

The principle of operation of a dual-mode drain

New generation models are equipped with a double drain button. According to experts, such a device helps to save the amount of water consumed. This is achieved thanks to the two-mode drain mechanism:

  1. The standard type of drain is the complete withdrawal of water from the tank, which, according to the norms, is from 4 to 6 liters.
  2. The half type allows you to split the drain. At one time he can drain only half of the water in the tank. Usually it is 2-3 liters. It is this type that saves water. But in terms of its functionality, it is more capricious in terms of adjustment and repair. This is justified by the fact that its device uses a larger number of parts. As a result, the likelihood of breakage increases.

There is another version of the dual-mode mechanics device. The difference lies in the absence of a flush button for the toilet, and the degree of flushing depends on the degree of pressure on the lever. If you press the lever lightly, the water begins to drain, and as soon as it is released, the mechanism closes again. To completely drain the tank, it is necessary to press the lever firmly and until it stops.

Adjusting the amount of water in the tank

In drain containers, you can adjust the volume of liquid filling the tank. A spoke is responsible for this function, at the end of which a float is attached. By changing its length you can change the amount of water. In many models of drain tanks, brass wire plays the role of a lever. Changing its length is not difficult. If you bend it so that the float is higher, then the amount of water will increase. Lowering the level of the float position will correspondingly reduce the degree of filling of the container.

In many variants, brass levers are replaced with plastic ones. In this case, it will not be possible to bend it and change the level of the float in this way. It provides such a device as a pin placed along the axis of the lever. By moving it to one side or the other, the lever arm is changed. The farther from the side of the toilet the float mechanism is located, the more water will flow into the container.

In those models that provide a lower water supply, the shoulder is placed vertically. In this case, the adjustment is quite easy.

The float mechanism moves up or down, then fixed with a specially designed clamping device. However, there are still some inconveniences. To make adjustments, you have to remove the tank cap.

This procedure is complicated by the fact that a drain button is attached to the lid, which is directly connected to the release mechanism. When disassembling, it is necessary to perform work very carefully so as not to damage the entire system.

The fact that it is mainly consists of parts made of plastic. But it is consoling that in stores in the public domain there is both the entire mechanism and its individual parts.

Important! Repair of the drain mechanism mainly depends on the type of breakdown. In some cases, it is possible to replace only a part, while in others it is easier to perform a complete replacement of the valve.

The device and installation of the drain mechanism

The corresponding mechanism is responsible for supplying fluid from the drain section to the toilet bowl. Consists of the following devices:

  • drain siphon;
  • handle that controls the release lever.

The siphon fits snugly into the drain hole, which does not allow water to flow unnecessarily. This device is divided into several types:

  • Simplified. It is a cylindrical device made of dense rubber, commonly called a pear. The mechanism for lifting the pear is most often the lever, the position of which is determined on the side of the tank. In other cases, a handle located on the lid. To activate it, you need to lift the handle up.
  • The button responsible for draining the liquid is mounted in models that are developed using new technologies. Placed on the front panel of the product. Most often it can be found on products mounted directly on the wall.

At the end installation work in the bathroom, they begin to install the drain tank, or rather, to assemble the internal system.

How to assemble a tank? To perform this procedure, you must follow the following instructions:

  1. A rubber gasket is installed on the drain mechanism.
  2. The mechanism is placed directly in the container and screwed with a plastic nut.
  3. For fasteners washers made of plastic or metal are put on. It already depends on how the product is completed. Don't forget about rubber gaskets. Then the bolts are inserted into the holes, and nuts are mounted on the reverse side, having previously installed them.
  4. Rubberized rings are put on the plastic nut for sealing. In the case when a new element is used, then sealing measures are not necessary. Otherwise, it is necessary to carefully seal all joints with sealant.

Advice! need to carefully inspect all parts for defects. If there are any at the joints, then they must be treated with a sealant. The sealing ring is also sealed. The assembly diagram attached to each plumbing product will be of great help.

Toilet flush prices

toilet flush mechanism

Possible malfunctions

In the event that the installation of the fittings was completed and put into operation, it is necessary to monitor their serviceability. After some time, some malfunctions may occur that can be easily eliminated on your own. Consider the problems that arose with the supply of water.

The most frequent breakdown- water does not enter the tank or, conversely, its supply does not stop. The cause of such breakdowns is fluid supply valve, or directly float. Floats in their design are in the form of hollow cylinders or inverted glasses.

Floats of the first type cannot be repaired, they should be completely replaced. Sometimes you have to change the entire valve. If we talk about the float in the form of an inverted glass, then the cause of the malfunction may be the formation of dirt and other deposits in it. The solution to the problem is to clean the float from deposited contaminants.

In the event that everything is fine with the float, but the water still does not stop flowing, a worn valve membrane may be the cause of the breakdown. Most often, spare parts are included in the kit. Otherwise, the part is bought and replaced. To do this, remove the cap from the valve, and the worn membrane is removed. A new part is installed in its place. Then it is closed again with a cap. Do not forget to clean the hole through which water enters the tank.

It happens that water begins to flow through the overflow. In this case, again pay attention to the float and perform its adjustment. If that doesn't help, then proceed to check the stud. In case of damage, it is necessary to replace it with a new one or simply with a copper wire.

Important! If several breakdowns occur, the fittings should be carefully examined, the worn part should be identified and replaced. Very often you have to completely change the mechanism if several parts are worn out.

As you can see, the toilet device is not complicated. The design of the tank includes two working mechanisms. The first is for supplying and controlling the level of liquid in the drain tank, and the second is for draining water into the toilet bowl.

Useful video: installation of a toilet flush mechanism

To date, there are several types of models, but the principle of operation is largely similar. Masters note that in all existing types it is absolutely easy to install, adjust and repair on your own: even a child can understand how the toilet works. Many problems can be solved on the spot yourself and not wait for a plumber. But if we are talking about a modern set that is built into the wall, then in this case it is better to turn to experienced craftsmen.

For a person to live comfortably, water supply and lighting of the room are necessary, as well as properly working plumbing fixtures connected to the sewer system. One of the most popular plumbing fixtures are the toilet and cistern. Currently, cisterns are most often equipped with buttons that are responsible for the smooth descent of water into the toilet. The toilet bowl button becomes unusable over time or requires repair. How to do this, read on.

Tank device with a button

The drain tank is a container that stores water for draining. For operation, the tank is equipped with elements. Toilet cistern device with button:

  1. drain mechanism. The device connected to the button is responsible for draining the water. In the lower part, the drain mechanism is equipped with a sealed membrane that protects against water leakage into the toilet bowl;

The drain mechanism can be equipped with:

  • single button. Descent of water occurs at the touch of a button. In this case, all the liquid from the tank enters the toilet;

  • dual mode button. The button with several modes of operation is divided into two parts: small and large. When using a smaller part, half of the liquid in the tank gets into the toilet. When the water is drained by the greater part of the button, the water is drained completely.

Using a button with two modes of operation allows you to save cold water.

  1. filling valve responsible for the collection of water in the tank. The filling mechanism is equipped with a float that regulates the level of water in the tank. The mechanism may have:
    • lateral water supply. Most often found in Russian-made cisterns. Distinctive feature mechanism is the formation of noise when collecting water;

  • bottom water supply. When installing a valve with a bottom connection, it is important to achieve complete tightness of the connection.

All fittings installed in are interconnected. After pressing the button, the water is drained. In this case, the float of the filling valve sinks to the bottom of the tank and opens the inlet valve. Water begins to flow from the water supply and raise the float to the set level. When the container is full, the inlet valve will be automatically closed.

Button repair

The fittings of the tank may become unusable for the following reasons:

  • use of low-quality mechanisms. Professional plumbers recommend installing cistern fittings made by companies such as Cersanit, Vidima, Jika;
  • natural wear. Any device is designed for a certain number of years of use or number of flush cycles;
  • mechanical damage. Careless use may cause damage.

Button malfunctions and solutions

The most common button failures are:

  • "sticking" of the button, that is, the flushing of water occurs only after repeatedly pressing the descender;
  • failure of the button, that is, the button mechanism descends into the capacity of the drain tank.

Elimination of sticking

If the water is flushed after repeatedly pressing the button, then the malfunction is related to the rod connecting the drain device and the drain mechanism.

To fix the problem, you need:

  1. block the flow of water into the tank;
  2. remove the tank cover. To do this, first take out inner part buttons, and then the retaining ring located on the button is unscrewed counterclockwise and removed;

  1. the button is removed;

  1. stock is being repaired;
  2. the system is assembled in reverse order.

The stem is made of plastic. Therefore, repairs most often come down to a complete replacement of the product. For temporary troubleshooting, the stem can be replaced with wire.

Elimination of failure

If the toilet cistern button fails, then the causes of the breakdown may be:

  • incorrect setting of the drain device (insufficient button height selected);
  • failure of the spring that returns the button to its original position. The problem is solved by replacing the spring.

To set up the drain mechanism, you must:

  1. turn off the water supply to the container and completely drain the remaining liquid;
  2. remove the drain mechanism (the whole turns to the left until it clicks);
  3. press the clamps securing the glass;
  4. increase height;

  1. install the valve and cover;
  2. check if the problem is resolved and repeat the procedure if necessary.

How to adjust the drain mechanism is shown in the video.

Button Replacement

If the above steps do not solve the problem trigger tank, the drain button needs to be replaced. You can work in the following way:

  1. remove the button, according to the scheme described in detail above;
  2. disconnect the button from the exhaust valve;
  3. install a new device.

The new toilet button must fully match the broken device. Otherwise, the drain valve will need to be replaced.

All troubleshooting work on the button must be done very carefully so as not to damage the rest of the fittings. If it is not possible to eliminate the breakdown on your own, then it is more expedient to seek help from specialists.

Such a sanitary device as a toilet bowl appeared in the Middle Ages, but due to the lack of running water and sewerage, it never gained popularity. Toilet device modern model much more complex than the old prototype.

It consists of a tank, a bowl, valves, as well as a unit that is used to drain the liquid. At the top of the bowl is a seat with a lid.

The principle of operation of the toilet is simple, but there are some nuances regarding the drain.

Basic operating principles

The entire working process takes place in the drain tank. The composition of this element includes a device for filling and draining. Water enters the tank through a special hose from the water supply. In order for the liquid to accumulate in the tank in the right amount, a filling device is used. When the water reaches a predetermined level, the shut-off valve shuts off its supply.

If the user presses the button mechanism, the drain device is activated. The liquid from the tank is fed into the bowl in portions, it has a high speed of movement, which allows you to quickly and efficiently wash away waste in sewer system. Only a few consumers are aware of the mechanism that is inside the tank, but the performance of the entire system depends on its setting. Liquid is supplied from the tank to the toilet in several different ways.

Water supply from above is carried out according to the following principle. A shut-off valve is located in the upper part of the tank, but water enters here from the side channel. A float is installed on the inside of the lever. At a certain level of liquid, the float rises and the second lever begins to press on the stem, pressing the valve and closing the hole. Such a toilet cistern flush mechanism is the most common. It is installed on most sanitary appliances.

In the device with the bottom liquid supply, the drain fitting is located at the bottom of the tank. During operation of the toilet, the float moves vertically in the direction of the stem. When it moves, a shut-off membrane is activated, which is used to regulate the water level inside the tank. The advantage of a bottom flush toilet is its quiet, silent operation.

How the tank is filled

At lateral connection supply hose, the liquid level can be adjusted by changing the size of the needle, at the end of which the float is attached. In some models, a thick brass wire is used instead of a knitting needle. This element is bent in the middle so that the float changes its previous position, slightly higher or lower. The higher this element is, the more water will fit in the tank.

For most modern toilets, manufacturers have decided to change the metal inserts to plastic. It will not work to bend such parts, they simply break. In such a design, the float is moved up or down along the pin, thereby increasing or decreasing the volume of the cistern.

Useful information! For easy level control, some designs have a threaded rod that is used to change the position of the displacer.

When liquid is supplied from below, the float bar is placed vertically. The water level here can be adjusted with your own hands without the help of a master. To do this, it is necessary to move the float to the lower height and fix its position with the help of special nuts on both sides. When carrying out such work, it is necessary to remove the lid from the tank, where the button is fixed. In some models, it is rigidly connected to the flush valve.

To prevent possible damage, this design is disassembled with extreme care. First unscrew the clamp on the button and only then remove the cover. If the float is at the top and does not stop the flow of fluid, then the problem is that the inlet valve is not working properly. This element will have to be disassembled, cleaned and reassembled or replaced with a new one.

Escapement mechanism

When it is necessary to drain the water in order to wash something off, the user simply presses the tank button, the rest of the process happens by itself. When pressed, the descent mechanism is triggered, while the drain valve begins to open, and the water leaves the inside of the tank. Streams of liquid are fed in portions into the bowl, wash off the sewage and enter the sewer.

Any toilet is designed in such a way that the mechanisms of descent and filling in it are interconnected, although the nodes are different. This means that as soon as you press the button and the water flows out, the tank starts to refill automatically, no special actions are taken for this.

In addition to pressing the button, there are models in which the drain process is started using a lever or a rope (chain) that must be pulled.

Note! The tanks have a different appearance (design and shape), but the same capacity of 4 or 6 liters. In addition, hole size drain valves are the same in them.

Water drain structures have a different assembly. If such a mechanism breaks, it is bought in a store and changed. The oldest and simplest design of the drain siphon is considered to be a pear, which is shaped like a plunger. Under the mass of water, this element is pressed against the hole and blocks the drain.

After the user presses the lever, the pear begins to rise up and releases liquid from the hole. Then the water supply is turned on, the pear becomes heavier and lowers back into the saddle - the process is repeated.

The overflow tube is always in the open state, the upper end of this element is located above the specified liquid level.

If the tank overflows, excess liquid will begin to flow into the sewer. Overflow functions when the toilet flush mechanism breaks down. The tank has such a structure that water cannot pour out of it even in the event of an emergency. The operation of the overflow will lead to increased water consumption, but will prevent a possible flood in the toilet. The descent of the toilet can be circular or horizontal. The first option is preferable, as it effectively washes away impurities.

Dual flush

IN latest models plumbers install a button with two keys, pressing one of them can save water. Similar devices work in two modes:

  1. Standard - allows you to dump the entire capacity of the tank (4-6 liters).
  2. Half - when only 1/2 of the volume is released when the toilet cistern flush button is pressed.

This design is much more economical in terms of fluid consumption, but it is difficult to set up and repair. The number of parts in such a device is increased, which means that it will break more often. In addition to models with two buttons, there are also one-button options. In them, the ejection of liquid is regulated by the degree of pressing the button. When the key is pressed lightly, the water drops to half the volume, when the pressure is strong, it runs off completely.

Rules for adjusting the amount of drain

On the plumbing market, you can find a huge set of fittings for supplying water to the tank, but most models can be adjusted independently. New, just bought fittings are adjusted so that the water in the tank is at the highest possible level. If the drain volume is reduced by 2 liters, the device will operate in the same mode.

Let's get acquainted with the process of regulating the water level in the tank with one button. To change the volume of liquid, do the following:

  1. Shut off the flow of fluid to the toilet with a tap that is installed in front of the supply hose. If there is no such valve, you will have to turn off the cold water in the entire apartment.
  2. Press the button to drain the contents of the tank.
  3. They begin disassembling the tank, for this it is necessary to unscrew the drain plug. The rim is taken by the bolt and unscrewed. The lid must not be lifted before the plug is removed, as this can break the fittings.
  4. After the cork, remove the lid and look at the water level. Most likely, the liquid was on the very high level. There are divisions on the overflow tube, they determine the level of lowering the water.
  5. Find a float. This part is usually connected to the water supply foot.
  6. To reduce the flow of water, turn the screw on the valve mechanism clockwise.

When the adjustment is completed, it is necessary to check to what level the water rises. In order to save on draining, the surface of the liquid should be 3 cm from the overflow tube. This part is located in the center of the tank. If the toilet is working properly, return the lid to its place and tighten the button. Then we check the functioning of the drain system again.

No matter how high-quality the toilet bowl and fittings are, problems arise from time to time: either water is not collected, or vice versa, it constantly flows from the drain. All these problems are associated with fittings (drain and inlet valves), which are placed in the drain tank. Next, we’ll talk about how to install it, change, adjust and repair it yourself, with your own hands.

Internal organization

The toilet cistern consists of two simple systems: a set of water and its discharge. To troubleshoot possible problems, you need to understand how everything works and works. First, consider what parts the old-style toilet bowl consists of. Their system is more understandable and visual, and the operation of more modern devices will be clear by analogy.

The internal fittings of a tank of this type are very simple. The water supply system is an inlet valve with a float mechanism. The drain system is a lever and a pear with a drain valve inside. There is also an overflow pipe - through it excess water leaves the tank, bypassing the drain hole.

The main thing in this design is the correct operation of the water supply system. More detailed diagram its devices are shown below. The inlet valve is connected to the float using a curved lever. This lever presses on the piston, which opens / closes the water supply.

When filling the tank, the float is in the lower position. Its lever does not put pressure on the piston and it is squeezed out by water pressure, opening the outlet to the pipe. Water is gradually drawn in. As the water level rises, the float rises. Gradually, he presses the piston, blocking the water supply.

The system is simple and effective, the filling level of the tank can be changed by slightly bending the lever. The disadvantage of this system is a noticeable noise when filling.

Now let's look at how the drain of water in the tank works. In the variant shown in the figure above, the drain hole is blocked by a bleed valve pear. A chain is attached to the pear, which is connected to the drain lever. We press the lever, lift the pear, the water drains into the hole. When the level drops, the float goes down, opening the water supply. This is how this type of cistern works.

Modern models with lever drain

They make less noise when filling the cistern for toilet bowls with a lower water supply. This is a more modern version of the device described above. Here the tap / inlet valve is hidden inside the tank - in a tube (in the photo - a gray tube to which the float is connected).

Drain tank with water supply from below

The mechanism of operation is the same - the float is lowered - the valve is open, water flows. The tank was filled, the float rose, the valve turned off the water. The drain system remained almost unchanged in this version. The same valve that rises when you press the lever. The water overflow system has not changed much either. This is also a tube, but it is brought out into the same drain.

You can clearly see the operation of the drain tank of such a system in the video.

With button

Models of toilet bowls with a button have similar water inlet fittings (there are with a side water supply, there are with a bottom one). Their drain fittings are of a different type.

The system shown in the photo is most often found in toilet bowls of domestic production. It is inexpensive and reliable. The device of imported units is different. They basically have a bottom water supply and another drain-overflow device (pictured below).

There are different types of systems:

  • with one button
    • water drains as long as the button is pressed;
    • draining starts when pressed, stops when pressed again;
  • with two buttons that release different amounts of water.

The mechanism of work here is slightly different, although the principle remains the same. In this fitting, when you press the button, a glass rises, blocking the drain. The stand remains stationary. In short, this is the difference. The drain is adjusted using a swivel nut or a special lever.

Installation and replacement of cistern fittings

A significant part of toilet problems are solved by adjusting or replacing the cistern fittings. In any case, you need to know how to disassemble and assemble the inside of the tank. This skill will definitely help you. When replacing, you must first dismantle the old device, and then install a new one. We will describe in detail the whole process, including the installation of new fittings.

How to remove the lid from the tank

If a drain tank with a button is being repaired, it is not always immediately clear how to remove the lid. This is easy to do: press the button, turn the ring.

If it doesn’t work with your fingers, pressing the button, consider its inner rim. There are two special slots. You can take a screwdriver with a narrow end, turn the ring a little with it. Then you can already twist it with your fingers.

After that, remove the button by pulling it up. Everything, the lid can be lifted.

Tank dismantling

To replace the old fittings of the flush tank, it must be removed from the toilet bowl. First of all, turn off the water supply, then drain the water from the tank. Then, using the keys, remove the water supply hose (it is attached to the side or bottom).

Next, you need to disconnect the tank from the toilet bowl. If you look under it from below, you can see the bolts that are tightened with nuts. So we unscrew them using a set of open-end wrenches or an adjustable wrench. Before that, place a container near the toilet or lay a rag - a certain amount of water always remains in the tank, when the nuts are unscrewed, it will drain.

Having unscrewed two nuts - on the right and on the left, we remove the tank. There is usually a gasket on the bowl. If it is deformed or dried out, it is also desirable to replace it.

The tank is placed on a flat surface. There is a large plastic nut at the bottom of it. It holds the drain mechanism, we unscrew it. Sometimes the first turns have to be done with an adjustable wrench, but do not overtighten it - the plastic can be brittle.

Now the water drain mechanism can be easily removed.

We remove the water supply mechanism in the same way. With bottom feed, the fastening nut is also at the bottom (right or left of center).

After that, we look inside the drain tank. Usually, rusty sediment, small metal particles, sand, etc. accumulate at the bottom. All this must be removed, if possible, washed. The inside must be clean - trash that has fallen under the gaskets can cause a leak. After that, we begin the installation of new fittings.

Installation of drain tank fittings

Everything happens in reverse order. First, we install a new rack of the drain mechanism. We unscrew the plastic nut from it, put a rubber gasket on the pipe. It can be white (as pictured) or black.

We start the device inside the container, with outer side screw on the plastic nut. We twist it, as long as possible, with our fingers, then tighten it a little with a key. You can not overtighten - it will burst.

Sealing

Now on the toilet bowl we replace the o-ring sealing its connection with the drain tank. Dirt and rust often accumulate in this place - we wipe it first, the seat must be dry and clean.

Inside the tank we install the fixing bolts, not forgetting to put the gaskets. We put the drain tank in place until it can be leveled. The main thing is to get the screws and the outlet part into the seats. We take a washer, a nut and screw them onto the screws.

When both nuts are installed, but not yet tightened, we level the container. Then, using the key, we begin to tighten the mount. We twist a few turns, then to the right, then to the left.

Installing the exhaust valve

Lastly, install the inlet valve for the drain tank. It could have been installed earlier, but then it is inconvenient to install the mounting bolts - there is too little space. We also put a gasket on the outlet pipe, then install it inside, fix it with a nut.

The next step is to connect water to the same pipe. Before connecting the flexible hose for water, we open the water for a while, making it possible to remove the scale that accumulates every time after closing the tap, even for a short time. Having lowered a certain amount of water (substitute a bucket so as not to wet the floor), we connect the hose to the fitting (we turn off the water again).

Although the fitting is metal, it is also not necessary to tighten this connection strongly - first with your fingers, then one turn with a key. If drops are found when the water is turned on, you can tighten it another half turn. After that, we check if the system works correctly. If everything is correct, install the cover, fasten the button. You can test again. This completes the installation of the fittings of the drain tank. As you can see, everything can be done by hand.

Adjustment and repair

During the operation of the toilet, problems periodically arise - either it flows, or, on the contrary, no water is drawn into it. Sometimes, tired of the inconvenience, people buy new toilets. But in vain. Most of the faults are fixed in 10-20 minutes. Moreover, everything is so simple that everyone can handle it. You don't have to call a plumber. You can do everything with your own hands.

Water level adjustment

We are talking about devices with a lower water supply. After installation, the toilet cistern must be adjusted. By default, they come from the factory exposed to maximum amount water in the container. This amount is often excessive. With a simple adjustment, we can reduce the volume of water in the tank. For this:


The same procedure is necessary if water constantly leaks from the tank. One reason is that the float is too high. Because of this, water flows through the overflow system.

With a side water supply and a float mechanism, the adjustment is even easier - we change the position of the float by bending its lever. On the one hand, it is easier, but on the other hand, it is more difficult. You have to bend it many times to achieve the required level.

Toilet cistern leaking

If the water in the toilet is constantly leaking, and its level is normal, we move on. There are several reasons for this leak. And if so, then the methods of elimination will be different.

  • The sealing gum under the drain valve in the tank silted up, dirt got under it, a groove (or several) appeared on its surface. The method of treatment is to clean the existing gasket or replace it with a new one. To reanimate the old one, you need:
    • turn off the water, flush it,
    • remove the trigger mechanism by unscrewing the plastic nut from the bottom;
    • pull out the drain valve, remove and examine the gasket, clean it of settled particles, if necessary (there are grooves), grind it with very fine sandpaper until smooth;
    • reinstall, connect everything and check the operation.


Water is not drawn

Another problem that you can fix with your own hands is that water is not drawn into the drain tank. Most likely it's a blockage - a filter or tubes are clogged. Long talk, better watch the video.

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