"Safety when working on scaffolding." Operation of scaffolding

2.2.1. Work at height is carried out from scaffolding, scaffolding or using other devices and means of scaffolding that provide conditions for safe work.
2.2.2. Scaffolding and scaffolding must comply with the requirements of GOST 24258 - 88, GOST 27321 - 87.
2.2.3. Scaffolding, scaffolding and other devices for working at heights must be made according to standard designs and taken by the organization for inventory.
Inventory scaffolding and scaffolding must have a manufacturer's passport.
The use of non-inventory scaffolding is allowed in exceptional cases, and their construction must be carried out according to an individual project with calculations of all the main elements for strength, and scaffolding as a whole - for stability. The project must be endorsed by an employee of the labor protection service, approved by the chief engineer (technical director) of the organization.
2.2.4. The mass of assembly elements per worker during manual assembly of scaffolding should be no more than:
25 kg - when installing scaffolding at a height;
50 kg - when mounting means of scaffolding on the ground or ceiling (with their subsequent installation in working position by mounting cranes, winches, etc.).
2.2.5. Box-shaped and tubular scaffolding elements must be made in such a way that moisture accumulation in their internal cavities is excluded.
2.2.6. Scaffolding means, the working platform of which is located at a height of 1.3 m or more from the ground or ceiling, must have railings and side railings.
2.2.7. The steel structures of the paving means must be primed and painted. The color of the paving means must comply with the requirements of GOST 12.4.026 - 76.
2.2.8. Scaffolding and scaffolding can be wooden or metal collapsible.
Wooden scaffolding and scaffolding are made from dry coniferous and hardwood wood of at least grade 2 according to GOST 8486 - 86, subjected to antiseptic protection.
2.2.9. Wooden boards of flooring and side railings of scaffolding flooring are subjected to deep impregnation with a flame retardant composition. Nails in wooden decking boards are hammered under the hat and bent.
2.2.10. The service life of inventory scaffolding must be at least 5 years.
2.2.11. Scaffolds are equipped with ladders or ramps securely fastened to them, providing safe ways for workers to enter and leave the scaffolding.
2.2.12. The surface of the earth, on which the scaffolding means are installed, must be planned (leveled and rammed) to ensure the removal of surface water from it.
2.2.13. In cases where it is impossible to meet these requirements, the scaffolding must be equipped with adjustable supports (jacks) to ensure the horizontal installation or temporary support structures must be installed to ensure the horizontal installation of the scaffolding.
2.2.14. Forests and their elements:
a) must ensure the safety of workers during installation and dismantling;
b) must be prepared and mounted in accordance with the project, have dimensions, strength and stability corresponding to their purpose;
c) railings and other protective structures, platforms, floorings, consoles, props, cross-beams, ladders and ramps should be easily installed and securely fastened;
d) must be maintained and operated in such a way that their destruction and loss of stability are excluded.
2.2.15. Forests are designed for maximum load with a safety factor of at least 4.
2.2.16. Scaffolding not intended for independent use is rigidly attached to buildings, installations, structures with a horizontal and vertical fixing point spacing specified in the manufacturer's technical documentation.
2.2.17. In the absence of instructions on fastening scaffolding means in the project for the production of works or in the manufacturer's instructions, fastening of scaffolding to the walls of buildings (objects) is carried out at least through one tier for the extreme racks, through two spans for the upper tier and one fastening for every 50 m2 of projection scaffolding surface on the facade of the building (object).
It is not allowed to attach scaffolding to parapets, cornices, balconies and other protruding parts of buildings and structures.
2.2.18. Scaffolding located near driveways Vehicle, are fenced with fenders in such a way that the size of the vehicles does not approach them at a distance closer than 0.6 m.
2.2.19. Scaffolding and devices used as supports for working platforms, decks must be of a solid structure, stable base, have an appropriate system of braces and stiffeners, fixedly fixed, to ensure stability.
2.2.20. The loads affecting the scaffolding means during the production of works should not exceed those calculated for the project or technical conditions. If it is necessary to transfer additional loads to scaffolding and scaffolding (from machines for lifting materials, lifting platforms, etc.), their design must be checked for strength and, if necessary, reinforced.
2.2.21. In the places where workers climb onto scaffolding and scaffolding, posters are placed indicating the layout and values ​​​​of permissible loads, as well as the scheme for evacuating workers in the event of an emergency.
2.2.22. Metal scaffolding is made from straight metal pipes that do not have dents, cracks and other defects that violate the strength of the elements.
2.2.23. Collapsible metal scaffolding must have reliable connections for stackable risers.
2.2.24. For scaffolding, only metal fasteners (bolts, strings, clamps, brackets, etc.) should be used.
2.2.25. Pipes, fittings, couplings used in tubular scaffolding must comply with the assortment and specifications.
Alloy and steel tubes must not be used simultaneously in scaffold construction.
Pipes must not have cracks, chips, excessive corrosion, visually determined curvature, pipe ends must be strictly perpendicular to the pipe axis.
Couplings are made of forged steel, and they should not cause deformation of the pipes during assembly and disassembly.
Fittings and couplings must not have defects, deformations and must be periodically lubricated.
2.2.26. To ensure stability, the scaffold racks along the entire height are attached to the solid parts of the building (structure) or structure.
The places and methods of fastening the racks are indicated in the project for the production of works.
2.2.27. It is not allowed to fasten scaffolding and scaffolding to protruding and unstable parts of the building and structures and install scaffolding on structural elements without confirmation by calculating their strength.
If necessary, the construction of scaffolding and scaffolding near hot surfaces or equipment elements protect the wooden parts of the scaffolding from fire.
2.2.28. The load on the decking of scaffolding, scaffolding of lifting platforms should not exceed the permissible values ​​established by the project (passport).
2.2.29. The accumulation of people on the decks in one place is not allowed. If it is necessary to transfer additional loads to scaffolding (from lifting mechanisms, lifting platforms, etc.), these loads must be taken into account in their design.
3.2.30. Flooring on scaffolding and scaffolding must have a flat surface with gaps between the elements of no more than 5 mm and be attached to the crossbars of the scaffolding.
The ends of the joined decking elements are placed on supports with their overlapping not less than 20 cm in each direction. To avoid the formation of thresholds, the ends of the overlapped elements are bevelled.
The width of decking on scaffolding and scaffolding should be: for stone work - at least 2 m, for plastering - 1.5 m, for painting and assembly work - 1 m.
At the same time, the means of paving used for plastering or painting works in places under which other work is carried out or there is a passage, they must have flooring without gaps.
2.2.31. When laying flooring elements (boards, boards) on supports (fingers, girders), they check the strength of their fastening and make sure that these elements cannot be shifted.
2.2.32. The supports and suspension brackets of the decks are calculated with a sufficient margin of safety, providing for the lifting of the maximum possible number of workers and materials on them.
2.2.33. Racks, frames, support ladders and other vertical scaffolding elements are installed and unfastened with ties according to the project. Support risers are reliably strengthened from loosening by spacers and braces.
Under the ends of each pair of racks of the scaffolding in the transverse direction, a solid (continuous) lining of a board with a thickness of at least 5 cm is laid. The supporting linings are laid on a pre-planned and compacted surface.
Aligning the lining with bricks, stones, scraps of boards and wedges is not allowed.
2.2.34. When performing work from scaffolding with a height of 6 m or more, there must be at least two decks: working (upper) and protective (lower), and each workplace on scaffolds adjacent to a building or structure, it must, in addition, be protected from above by a platform located at a height distance of not more than 2 m from the working platform.
Work in several tiers along one vertical without intermediate protective flooring between them is not allowed.
In cases where the performance of work, the movement of people and vehicles under the forests and near them is not provided, the installation of a protective (lower) flooring is optional.
2.2.35. With a multi-tiered nature of the work, to protect against falling objects, platforms, decking, scaffolding, scaffolding ladders are equipped with protective screens of sufficient strength and size.
2.2.36. Scaffolds are equipped with ladders or ladders for lifting and lowering people, located at a distance of no more than 40 m from each other. On scaffolding less than 40 m long, at least two ladders or ladders are installed. The upper end of the ladder or ladder is fixed to the crossbars of the scaffolding.
Openings in the scaffolding for exit from the stairs are fenced. The angle of inclination of stairs should be no more than 60 ° to the horizontal surface. The inclination of the ladder should be no more than 1:3.
2.2.37. To lift the load on the scaffolding, blocks, struts and other small-scale mechanization tools are used, which should be fixed according to the project.
Openings for the movement of goods must have four-sided fences.
2.2.38. Near the driveways, scaffolding means are installed at a distance of at least 0.6 m from the dimensions of vehicles.
2.2.39. Scaffolds with a height of more than 4 m are allowed for operation after their acceptance by the commission with the execution of an act.
The scaffold acceptance certificate is approved by the chief engineer (technical director) of the organization accepting the scaffolding for operation. It is allowed to approve the act of acceptance of scaffolding, constructed by the contractor for its own needs, by the head of the site (workshop) of this organization.
Until the approval of the act, work from the scaffolding is not allowed.
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1 Scaffolding height is measured from the level of the ground, floor or platform on which scaffolding racks are installed.

2.2.40. Scaffolding and scaffolding up to 4 m high are allowed for operation after they are accepted by the work manager or foreman with the appropriate entry in the Log of Acceptance and Inspection of Scaffolding and Scaffolding.
When accepting scaffolding and scaffolding, the following is checked: the presence of ties and fasteners that ensure stability, the strength of the attachment points of individual elements; serviceability of working decks and fences; verticality of racks; reliability of support platforms and availability of grounding (for metal scaffolding).
The curvature of the racks should be no more than 1.5 mm per 1 m of length.
2.2.41. In repair and maintenance organizations, the forest is inspected daily by the work manager.
In construction and installation organizations, scaffolding is inspected daily by the work foreman (foreman) and at least once every 10 days by a foreman or foreman before starting work.
The results of the inspection are recorded in the Logbook of acceptance and inspection of scaffolding and scaffolding.
2.2.42. When inspecting forests, it is established:
a) the presence or absence of defects and damage to scaffolding structural elements that affect their strength and stability;
b) strength and stability of forests;
c) the presence of the necessary fences;
d) the suitability of scaffolding for further work.
Scaffold inspections are carried out regularly within the time limits stipulated by the technical conditions for scaffolding, as well as every time after a break in operation, exposure to extreme weather or seismic conditions, or other circumstances that may affect their strength and stability.
2.2.43. Scaffolding, from which no work has been carried out for a month or more, is re-accepted before the resumption of work. Additional inspection is subject to forests located on outdoors, after rain or thaw, which can affect the bearing capacity of the base under them, as well as after mechanical stress. If deformations are detected, the scaffolding must be corrected and re-accepted in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs. 2.2.39 and 2.2.40 of the Rules.
2.2.44. Floors and stairs of scaffolding and scaffolding must be periodically cleaned of debris during work and daily after work is completed, in winter - from snow and ice and, if necessary, sprinkled with sand.
2.2.45. Scaffolding and scaffolding, from which work is temporarily not performed, should be maintained in good condition.
2.2.46. Work from random supports (boxes, barrels, etc.), as well as from trusses, rafters, etc. not allowed.
2.2.47. In order to avoid hitting the scaffolding with a load suspended from the crane hook, turning the crane boom simultaneously with lifting (lowering) the load in the immediate vicinity of the scaffolding is not allowed.
Raise and lower the load on the flooring should be at minimum speed, smoothly, without jerks.
2.2.48. Assembly and disassembly of scaffolding are carried out in compliance with the sequence provided for by the work plan. Employees involved in the assembly and disassembly of scaffolding must be instructed on the methods and sequence of work and safety measures.
Access for unauthorized persons (not directly involved in these works) to the area where scaffolding and scaffolding is installed or dismantled must be closed.
2.2.49. Metal scaffolding is not allowed to be installed closer than 5 m from the masts of the electrical network and operating equipment. Electric wires, located closer than 5 m from the scaffolding, must be de-energized and grounded, or enclosed in boxes, or dismantled during their installation or disassembly.
2.2.50. During work at height, the passage under the work site must be closed and the danger zone fenced and marked with safety signs in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.4.026 - 76.
Scaffolding located at the entrance to the building is equipped with protective canopies with solid side cladding to protect people from objects accidentally falling from above.
Protective visors should protrude beyond the scaffolding by at least 1.5 m and have a slope of 20° towards the scaffolding.
Clear passage height must be at least 1.8 m.
2.2.51. When organizing a mass passage in the immediate vicinity of the scaffolding, the places of passage of people are equipped with a continuous protective canopy, and the facade of the scaffolding is closed with a protective mesh with a cell size of not more than 5x5 mm.
2.2.52. The gap between the wall of the building or equipment and the working deck of the scaffolding installed near them should not exceed 50 mm for masonry and 150 mm for finishing work.
When performing thermal insulation work, the gap between the surface to be insulated and the working platform must not exceed double the thickness of the insulation plus 50 mm. Gaps of more than 50 mm in all cases when no work is being done must be closed.
2.2.53. It is not allowed to carry out partial dismantling of scaffolding and leave them for work from them without taking appropriate security measures.
2.2.54. When using factory-made scaffolding, it is necessary to follow the manufacturer's instructions, while the frames various types scaffolding should not be shared.
Factory-made scaffolding must be equipped with fasteners that ensure the rigidity of the scaffolding structure.
2.2.55. Scaffolding must be used for its intended purpose, and technical supervision is established for the conditions of their use in the organization.
2.2.56. When lifting heavy loads onto the scaffolding or when moving them along the flooring, scaffolding platform, it is necessary to avoid sharp blows to the scaffolding structures.
The load on the scaffolding should, as far as possible, be evenly distributed.
When lifting loads onto the scaffolding, it is necessary to provide insurance with a rigging rope to prevent impacts on the scaffolding.
2.2.57. Scaffolding should not be used for storing materials. Only those materials that are directly used (recycled) are supplied to scaffolding.
2.2.58. Work on outdoor scaffolding during thunderstorms, wind speeds of 15 m / s or more, heavy snowfall, fog, ice and other cases that threaten the safety of workers should be stopped.
2.2.59. During the dismantling of scaffolding adjacent to the building, all doorways of the first floor and exits to the balconies of all floors within the dismantled area are closed.
2.2.60. When operating mobile scaffolding, the following requirements must be met:
a) the slope of the surface along which the scaffolding means are moved in the transverse and longitudinal directions must not exceed the values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in the passport or the manufacturer's instructions for this type of scaffolding means;
b) the movement of scaffolding at a wind speed of more than 10 m/s is not allowed;
c) before moving the means of scaffolding must be freed from materials and containers and there must be no people on them;
d) doors in the scaffold enclosure must open inward and have a double-acting locking device that protects them from spontaneous opening.
2.2.61. Suspended scaffolding and scaffolding after their installation can be allowed for operation after testing with a static load that is 20% higher than the standard, with exposure under load for 1 hour and at positive results- after a subsequent test in the dynamic loading mode with a load that is 10% higher than the standard.
The test results are reflected in the act of acceptance into operation of scaffolding, scaffolding or in the Log of acceptance and inspection of scaffolding and scaffolding.
2.2.62. In cases of repeated use of suspended scaffolding or scaffolding, they can be allowed for operation without testing, provided that the structure on which the scaffolding (scaffolding) is suspended has been tested for a load that is at least twice the calculated one, and the scaffolding has been fixed with standard units ( devices that pass the required tests.
2.2.63. Suspended scaffolding must be attached to solid parts of the building (structure) or structures to prevent swinging.
2.2.64. Laying the flooring on the fingers of suspended scaffolding and using them is allowed after the elements to which the scaffolding is suspended are firmly fixed.
2.2.65. Strengthening of hooks, clamps and fingers of suspended scaffolding on mounted or repaired structural elements is carried out before they are lifted.
Hooks for hanging scaffolding before installation are subjected to a static load test that exceeds the working load by 2 times, with exposure under load for 15 minutes. The test results are documented in an act.
2.2.66. For mobile scaffolding, it is necessary to use steel ropes with a safety margin of at least nine times.
2.2.67. Cables (ropes) at the points of their attachment to the cradle or to mobile scaffolding and the winch drum must be firmly fixed. The movement of cables when lifting and lowering cradles and mobile scaffolding must be free. Friction of cables on protruding structures is not allowed. When moving cradles and scaffolding, it is necessary to monitor the correct winding of the cable on the winch drum.
2.2.68. Cradles and mobile scaffolds from which work is not performed must be lowered to the ground.
2.2.69. Winches used for lifting and lowering cradles and mobile scaffolds must be supported on a foundation or ballasted to ensure their stability under double the working load. The ballast is firmly attached to the winch frame.
Access of unauthorized persons to winches is not allowed.
2.2.70. Suspended cradles must comply with the requirements of GOST 27372 - 87.
2.2.71. The drive must be controlled from the cradle by continuously pressing the button of the control device; when pressing stops, the cradle drive must stop.
2.2.72. Suspended cradles have a four-sided fence with a height of at least 1.2 m, from the side of the front of work - at least 1.0 m and an onboard fence around the perimeter with a height of at least 0.15 m. Doors in the cradle fence are prohibited. The hook for hanging the cradle is equipped with a safety lock to prevent it from falling.
2.2.73. Cradles must be equipped with a limit switch that automatically turns off the drive motor when the cradle approaches the console installed at the top, at a distance of 0.5 - 0.6 m.
2.2.74. Cradle winches are equipped with two brakes that act automatically and independently of each other when the winch engine is turned off.
2.2.75. The drive of the cradles must have a device for their manual lowering.
2.2.76. Every day before work, the condition of cradles, mobile scaffolding and ropes is checked and a test is carried out to simulate a break in the working rope.
2.2.77. Hanging cradles, in addition to the general requirements for scaffolding, must meet the following special requirements:
a) platforms of cradles must be sized to ensure the stability of the structure as a whole;
b) the number of anchor fastenings of the cradle hangers should be comparable with the dimensions of the platform;
c) the safety of workers must be ensured by an additional rope with its fastening, regardless of the attachment points of the ropes of the cradle suspension;
d) anchor fastenings and other supporting elements of suspended cradles must have appropriate strength;
e) ropes, winches, blocks or hoists are designed, manufactured and operated in accordance with the requirements for the design and operation of lifting mechanisms designed to lift people;
f) flooring of cradles must be solid;
g) cradles are equipped with catchers. The maximum fall of the cradle before it is stopped by the catchers should be no more than 0.15 m.
2.2.78. Each node of the metal structures of supporting, hanging and mobile scaffolding and cradles after manufacture is subjected to control and testing, which must be documented by an acceptance certificate. After that, a control assembly of scaffolding is carried out, which are additionally checked and tested.
2.2.79. The control assembly of the support scaffolding should be carried out without much effort, while checking:
correct installation of all nodes by external inspection;
vertical installation of racks using a plumb line (the angle of inclination should be no more than 1 °);
ease of connection of crossbars, handrails (barriers) and sides with racks;
the tightness of the hooks of the stairs to the crossbars, and the lower ends - to the flooring;
reliability of installation and fastening of racks;
reliability of fastening of the fencing of openings on crossbars and decking;
the presence of boards that exclude the possibility of falling tools, pieces of material, etc.
Floorings must comply with the requirements of paragraph 2.2.30 of the Rules.
2.2.80. The testing of support and suspension scaffolds after the control assembly is carried out with a load of 2.5 kPa (250 kgf/m2) evenly distributed over the upper tier, with holding under load for 10 minutes. After the test, the forests are sorted out. All of their elements should be disassembled without significant effort. In the elements, the integrity of the welds, the absence of residual deformations, and the invariability of geometric shapes and sizes are checked. Found defects must be eliminated and the tests repeated. An act is drawn up on the test results.
2.2.81. Manufactured cradles are subject to inspection and testing. On examination Special attention refers to the correctness and reliability of mounting drives, catchers and other components.
2.2.82. The cradles are tested with a static load exceeding the calculated one by 50%. When testing, the cradle rises to a height of 100 - 200 mm and is kept in this position for 10 minutes. After that, the cradle is lowered and the condition of its components (framework, drive, catchers, etc.) and parts is checked. Residual deformation is not allowed. During dynamic testing with a load exceeding the calculated one by 10%, it is necessary to lower and raise the cradle evenly (without contact with the floor) to check the interaction of units, drives and braking devices. When testing the safety gear, at least three tests should be carried out to simulate the breakage of each cargo (working) rope, while the safety rope must be clamped by the safety gear. The testing of catchers of cradles is carried out with a load equal to the carrying capacity of the cradle, and at least three times per different height carrycot lifting.
After the test, the cradle must be lowered and the condition of its components and parts checked. The detected defects are eliminated and the test is repeated. An act is drawn up on the results of the test. Mobile scaffolds are tested in the same way as cradles.
2.2.83. Mounted hanging scaffolds are allowed for operation after testing them for 1 hour with a static load exceeding the calculated one by 20%.
Mobile scaffolding, in addition, are tested with a dynamic load exceeding the calculated one by 10%.
The results of scaffolding tests are reflected in the act of their acceptance and in the Log of acceptance and inspection of scaffolding and scaffolding.
In cases of repeated use of suspended scaffolding, they can be allowed for operation without testing, provided that the structure on which the scaffolding is suspended has been tested with a load exceeding the calculated one by at least 2 times, and the scaffolding has been fixed by standard units (devices) that have passed the tests.
2.2.84. When moving mobile scaffolding, they should not contain materials, containers, garbage.
The presence of workers on the relocatable scaffolding is not allowed.
2.2.85. During breaks in work, it is not allowed to leave mobile scaffolding in a raised state.
2.2.86. Mobile scaffolds must comply with the requirements of GOST 28012-89.
2.2.87. The scaffold as a whole, the flooring of the working platform and other load-bearing elements of the scaffold must withstand a static load that is 1.25 times higher than the standard load of 2000 N/m2 (200 kgf/m2).
2.2.88. All bearing horizontal scaffold elements must withstand a concentrated static load of 1300 N (130 kgf) applied in the middle of the element, railings - 700 N (70 kgf).
2.2.89. The height of the railing of the scaffold railing must be at least 1.1 m, the side railing of the working platform flooring - at least 0.15 m.
2.2.90. For lifting and lowering people scaffolds are equipped with ladders.
2.2.91. Each wheel of the undercarriage of the scaffold must be equipped with a brake device.
2.2.92. Mobile scaffolds must have a plate containing the trademark and name of the manufacturer, the symbol of the scaffold, serial number, date of manufacture.

Work at height is carried out from scaffolding, scaffolding or using other devices and means of scaffolding that provide conditions for safe work.

Scaffolding and scaffolding must comply with the requirements of GOST 24258-88 “Pavings. General technical conditions”, approved by the Decree of the State Construction Committee of the USSR of 11/28/1988. No. 237, and GOST 27321-87 "Rack-mounted scaffolding for construction installation work. Specifications”, approved by the Decree of the State Construction Committee of the USSR dated July 3, 1987 No. 107.

scaffolding- a multi-tiered structure designed to organize places on different horizons.

Scaffold- a single-tier structure designed to perform work requiring the movement of jobs along the front.

Scaffolding, scaffolding and other devices for working at heights must be made according to standard designs and taken by the organization for inventory. Inventory scaffolding and scaffolding must have a manufacturer's passport. The use of non-inventory scaffolding is allowed in exceptional cases, and their construction must be carried out according to an individual project with calculations of all the main elements for strength, and scaffolding as a whole - for stability.

The project must be endorsed by an employee of the organization's labor protection service, approved by the chief engineer (technical director) of the organization.

Scaffolding means, the working platform of which is located at a height of 1.3 m or more from the ground or ceiling, are equipped with railings and side railings. The height of the fence is indicated in the standards for scaffolding of a particular type.

Scaffolding and scaffolding can be wooden and metal collapsible. Wooden scaffolding and scaffolding are made from dry coniferous and deciduous wood of at least grade 2 according to GOST 8486-86E “Softwood lumber. Specifications”, approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated September 30, 1986 No. 2933, subjected to antiseptic protection.

Service life of inventory scaffolding steel pipes must be at least 5 years old. Scaffolds are equipped with ladders or ramps securely fastened to them, providing safe ways for workers to enter and leave the scaffolding.

Forests and their elements:

must ensure the safety of workers during installation and dismantling;

must be prepared and mounted in accordance with the project, have dimensions, strength and stability corresponding to their purpose;

railings and other protective structures, platforms, floorings, consoles, supports, cross-beams, ladders and ramps should be easily installed and securely fastened;

Scaffolding is designed for maximum load with a safety factor of at least 4. Scaffolding not intended for independent use is rigidly attached to buildings, installations, structures with a horizontal and vertical fixing point spacing specified in the technical documentation of the manufacturer.

Scaffolding facilities located near the passages of vehicles are protected by fenders so that the size of the vehicles does not approach them at a distance closer than 0.6 m.

In places where workers climb onto scaffolding and scaffolding, posters are placed indicating the layout and values ​​​​of permissible loads, as well as the scheme for evacuating workers in the event of an emergency.

The load on the decking of scaffolding, scaffolding of lifting platforms should not exceed the permissible values ​​established by the project (passport). The accumulation of people on the decks in one place is not allowed. If it is necessary to transfer additional loads to scaffolding (from lifting mechanisms, lifting platforms, etc.), these loads must be taken into account in their design.

The width of decking on scaffolding and scaffolding should be: for stone work - at least 2 m, for plastering - 1.5, for painting and assembly - 1 m.

At the same time, scaffolding used for plastering or painting in places under which other work is being carried out or there is a passage must have flooring without gaps.

When performing work from scaffolding with a height of 6 m or more, there must be at least two decks: working (upper) and protective (lower). Each workplace on scaffolding adjacent to a building or structure must, in addition, be protected from above by a deck located at a height distance of no more than 2 m from the working platform.

Work in several tiers along one vertical without intermediate protective flooring between them is not allowed.

In cases where the performance of work, the movement of people and vehicles under the forests and near them is not provided, the installation of a protective (lower) flooring is optional.

Scaffolds are equipped with ladders or ladders for lifting and lowering people, located at a distance of no more than 40 m from each other. On scaffolds less than 40 m long, at least two ladders or ladders are installed. The upper end of the ladder or ladder is fixed to the crossbars of the scaffolding.

Openings in the scaffolding for exit from the stairs are fenced. The angle of inclination of stairs should be no more than 60 ° to the horizontal surface. The inclination of the ladder should be no more than 1:3.

Scaffolds with a height of more than 4 m are allowed for operation only after their acceptance by the commission with the execution of an act.

The scaffold acceptance certificate is approved by the chief engineer (technical director) of the organization accepting the scaffolding for operation. It is allowed to approve the act of acceptance of scaffolding, constructed by the contractor for its own needs, by the head of the site (workshop) of this organization. Until the approval of the act, work from the scaffolding is not allowed.

Scaffolding and scaffolding up to 4 m high are allowed for operation after they are accepted by the work manager or foreman with an entry in the log of acceptance and inspection of scaffolding and scaffolding.

In construction and installation organizations, scaffolding is inspected daily by the work foreman (foreman) and at least once every 10 days by a foreman or foreman before starting work. The results of the inspection are recorded in the log of acceptance and inspection of scaffolding and scaffolding.

Work from random supports (boxes, barrels, etc.), as well as from trusses, rafters, etc. not allowed.

During work at height, the passage under the work site must be closed, the danger zone fenced and marked with safety signs in accordance with GOST 12.4.026-76.

Suspended scaffolding and scaffolding after their installation can be allowed for operation after testing with a static load that is 20% higher than the standard load, with exposure under load for 1 hour, and with positive results - after a subsequent test in the dynamic loading mode with a load that is 10% higher than the standard .

The test results are reflected in the act of acceptance into operation of scaffolding, scaffolding or in the log of acceptance and inspection of scaffolding and scaffolding.

Strengthening of hooks, clamps and fingers of suspended scaffolding on mounted or repaired structural elements is carried out before they are lifted. Hooks for hanging scaffolding before installation are subjected to a static load test exceeding the working load by 2 times, with exposure under load for 15 minutes. The test results are documented in an act.

Suspended cradles must comply with the requirements of GOST 27372-87 “Cradles for construction and installation works. Technical words”, approved by the Decree of the State Construction Committee of the USSR of August 14, 1987 No. 173.

Suspended cradles are equipped with a four-sided fence with a height of at least 1.2 m, from the side of the work front - at least 1.0 m and an onboard fence around the perimeter with a height of at least 0.15 m.

The device of doors in the fence of the cradle is not allowed. Hook for suspension of the cradle is supplied with a safety lock to prevent its falling.

The cradles must be equipped with a limit switch that automatically turns off the drive motor when the cradle approaches the console installed at the top, at a distance of 0.5 ... 0.6 m.

Winches of cradles are equipped with two brakes operating; automatically and independently of each other when the winch motor is turned off. The cradle drive must have a device for its manual
lowering. Every day before work, the condition of cradles, mobile scaffolding and ropes is checked and a test is carried out to simulate a break in the working rope.

Testing of support and hanging scaffolds after the control assembly is carried out evenly distributed over the upper tier | load 2.5 kPa (250 kgf / m 2) with exposure under load for I 10 min. After the test, the forests are sorted out. All their elements must | | understand without much effort. In the elements, the value is checked | flatness of welds, absence of residual deformations, invariability of geometric shapes and sizes. Found defects must be eliminated and the tests repeated. An act is drawn up on the test results.

The cradles are tested with a static load exceeding the calculated one by 50%. When testing, the cradle rises to a height of 100-200 mm and is kept in this position for 10 minutes. After that, the cradle is lowered and the condition of its components (frame, drive, catchers, etc.) and parts is checked. Residual deformation is not allowed. During dynamic testing with a load exceeding the calculated one by 10%, it is necessary to lower and raise the cradle evenly (without contact with the floor) to check the interaction of units, drives and braking devices. When testing the safety gear, at least three tests should be carried out to simulate the breakage of each cargo (working) rope, while the safety rope should be clamped by the safety gear. The cradle catchers are tested with a load equal to the capacity of the cradle, and at least three times at different lifting heights of the cradle.

After the test, the cradle must be lowered and the condition of its components and parts checked. The detected defects are eliminated and the test is repeated. An act is drawn up on the results of the test. Mobile scaffolds are tested in the same way as cradles.

Mounted hanging scaffolds are allowed for operation only after they have been tested for 1 hour with a static load exceeding the calculated one by 20%.

Mobile scaffolding, in addition, are tested with a dynamic load exceeding the calculated one by 10%. The results of scaffolding tests are reflected in the act of their acceptance and in the log of acceptance and inspection of scaffolding and scaffolding. During breaks in work, it is not allowed to leave mobile scaffolding in a raised state.

Mobile scaffolds must comply with the requirements of GOST 28012-89 “Mobile collapsible scaffolds. Specifications”, approved by the Decree of the State Construction Committee of the USSR dated 01/05/1989 No. 1.

The scaffolding as a whole, the flooring of the working platform and other load-bearing elements of the scaffolding must withstand a static load 1.25 times higher than the standard 2000 N/m 2 (200 kgf/m 2).

All bearing horizontal scaffold elements must withstand a concentrated static load of 1300 N (130 kgf) applied in the middle of the element, railings - 700 N (70 kgf).

The height of the railing of the scaffold railing must be at least 1.1 m, the side railing of the working platform flooring - at least 0.15 m. For lifting and lowering people, the scaffolds are equipped with ladders.

When working at production sites at height, the scaffolding and other devices used to ensure the safety of work must comply with the current SNiP, other regulations on labor protection. The width of the flooring of the assembly scaffolds must be at least 1 m. Scaffolds, ladders, scaffolding must be fenced with railings at least 1 m high. Scaffolds up to 4 m high are allowed for operation after they are accepted by the responsible work executor. Scaffolds with a height of more than 4 m are allowed for operation after they are accepted by the relevant commission with the execution of an act. To service production equipment located at a height of more than 1.5 m, platforms with stairs with railings should be built.

Scaffolding, scaffolding and other devices for performing work at height must be inventory, made according to standard designs. Scaffolding and scaffolding can be made of both metal and wood. With a length of ladders and bridges of more than 3 m, intermediate supports must be installed under them. The width of ladders and bridges should not be less than 0.6 m, and the decks - less than 1 m.

All main elements of scaffolding are calculated for strength, and scaffolding in general - for stability. Scaffold racks must be attached to the solid parts of the building or structure along the entire height. The places and methods of their fastening should be indicated in the project for the production of works. Scaffolding and scaffolding must have a flooring with a flat surface, made of solid boards with a thickness of at least 40 mm, with gaps between the elements of the flooring boards of not more than 5 mm. The flooring must be attached to the crossbars of the scaffolding. Scaffolding and scaffold decks, located at a height of 1.3 m and above, must have fences consisting of posts, handrails 1 m high, one intermediate horizontal element and a side board with a height of at least 150 mm. It is forbidden to fasten scaffolding to parapets, cornices, balconies and other protruding parts of buildings and structures. Scaffolding and scaffolding during their operation must be inspected by a responsible work manager.

The area for erection and dismantling of scaffolding and scaffolding must be fenced and safety signs posted in it in accordance with the requirements of current state standards. Mounting and dismantling of scaffolding and scaffolding at a height in open places with a wind speed of 10 m/s or more, with heavy snowfall, rain, thunderstorm or ice is prohibited. When disassembling scaffolding and scaffolding, it is necessary to use lifting mechanisms. Installation of scaffolding and scaffolding, their disassembly and repair must be carried out by workers trained for these works and carried out under the supervision of a responsible work foreman. Scaffolding made of metal must be grounded.

Safety requirements for the operation of scaffolds, ladders, ladders

The total length of the wooden ladder should not exceed 5 m. wooden stairs must be cut into the bowstrings and fastened every 2 m with coupling bolts with a diameter of at least 8 mm. The distance between the steps of portable ladders and ladders should be within 150-250 mm. Ladders and ladders must be equipped with devices (hooks, chains) to prevent their spontaneous shift and overturning during operation. At the lower extremities of ladders and step-ladders, there must be fittings with sharp tips for installation on the ground, or put on shoes made of rubber or other non-slip material for using ladders on smooth surfaces (parquet, metal, film, etc.). The upper ends of the ladders attached to the pipelines must be equipped with special hooks.

It is prohibited for more than one person to be on a portable ladder and ladder at the same time. It is forbidden to work from a ladder, standing on a step located at a distance of less than 1 m from its upper end, to work on portable ladders and ladders in the following cases:

• o finding them near and above the rotating mechanism;
• o performance of electric and gas welding works;
• o maintaining large or heavy items aloft. Ladders must be used to carry out these tasks.

or ladders equipped with upper platforms, fences, railings. It is forbidden to raise and lower the load on the ladder and leave the tool on it, install ladders and stepladders on the steps of the flights of the stairwell.

Work at height is carried out from scaffolding, scaffolding or using other devices and means of scaffolding that provide conditions for safe work.

Scaffolding- a multi-tiered structure, installed outside or inside the building, which allows you to create jobs at different horizons.

Scaffold- a single-tier structure designed to perform work requiring the movement of jobs along the front.

Scaffolding, scaffolding and other devices for working at height must be made according to standard designs and taken for inventory control. They can be wooden or metal collapsible.

Inventory scaffolding and scaffolding must have a manufacturer's passport. The use of non-inventory scaffolding is allowed in exceptional cases, and their construction must be carried out according to an individual project with calculations of all the main elements for strength, and scaffolding as a whole for stability.

The safety factor must be at least 4. The project must be agreed with the labor protection department and approved by the chief engineer of the organization.

Wooden scaffolding and scaffolding must be made of coniferous and deciduous wood of at least grade 2.

The surface of the soil on which the scaffolding is installed must be planned (leveled and compacted to ensure the removal of surface water from it).

If it is impossible to fulfill these requirements, the scaffolding means must be equipped with adjustable supports (jacks) to ensure the horizontal installation of the scaffolding means.

Scaffolding and scaffolding must have smooth working decks with a gap between the boards of no more than 5 mm. Overlapping of decking boards is allowed only along their length, and the ends of the joined elements must be located on the support and overlap it by at least 0.2 meters in each direction. The width of decking on scaffolding and scaffolding should be for work:

Stone - at least 2 meters;

Plaster - at least 1.5 meters;

Painting and assembly - at least 1 meter.

The height of the fence must be at least 1.1 meters. Scaffolding railings must withstand a static load of 700 N (70 kgf). The fence must have at least one intermediate horizontal element or mesh. The height of the side railing of the scaffolding flooring should be at least 0.10 m, the distance between the horizontal railing elements should not exceed 0.5 m.

Scaffolding must be equipped with ladders for lifting and lowering people, located at a distance of no more than 40 m from each other. For scaffolding with a length of at least 40 m, at least 2 ladders must be installed. The upper end of the ladders must be fixed to the crossbars of the scaffolding.

Openings in the scaffolding for exit from the stairs must be fenced. The angle of inclination of stairs should not exceed 60° to the horizontal.

Scaffolding must be attached to the wall of the building under construction. Places and methods of fastening are indicated in the project or design of the manufacturer. The scaffolding must be fastened to the wall of the building through at least one tier for the extreme racks, through 2 spans for the upper tier and one fastening for every 50 m 2 of the projection of the scaffolding surface onto the facade of the building.

Near driveways, scaffolding should be installed at a distance of at least 0.6 m from the dimensions of vehicles.

If it is necessary to transfer additional loads to scaffolding and scaffolding (from machines for lifting materials, lifting platforms, etc.), their design must take these loads into account.

Scaffolding and scaffolding up to 4m high are allowed for operation after acceptance by a commission consisting of:

Master-manufacturer of a specialized division;

Work manager;

Labor protection engineer of a specialized division.

The results of the acceptance of scaffolding and scaffolding are reflected in the log of acceptance and inspection of scaffolding and scaffolding.

Scaffolds with a height of more than 4m are allowed for operation after their acceptance by a commission consisting of:

1. When performing work by a specialized subdivision:

Master-manufacturer of scaffolding;

Work manager (foreman, senior foreman, foreman)

Labor protection engineer of a specialized construction unit.

2. When performing work by other construction departments of the association:

Master-manufacturer of scaffolding;

Head of the department for which the scaffolding has been mounted;

Labor protection engineer of a specialized construction unit.

3. When performing combined work at one facility:

Master-manufacturer of scaffolding;

Head of work of a specialized construction unit;

Labor protection engineer of a specialized unit;

The head of the work of another department involved in the performance of the work.

The installation and manufacture of scaffolding and scaffolding can be carried out by a specialized construction unit that has a license.

The certificate of acceptance of scaffolding for the performance of work by a specialized construction unit is approved by the chief engineer of this unit.

The certificate of acceptance of scaffolding, manufactured by a specialized construction department for other departments, is approved by the director or chief engineer of the plant, whose department accepts the scaffolding for operation.

The certificate of acceptance of scaffolding, made for joint work by a specialized construction unit and another unit, is approved by the chief engineers of both units.

When accepting scaffolding and scaffolding, the following must be checked:

The presence of ties and fasteners that ensure stability,

Mounting points of individual elements,

Work decks and railings

Verticality of racks,

Reliability of support platforms and grounding (for metal scaffolding).

Suspended scaffolding and scaffolding after their installation can be allowed for operation only after they pass the test for 1 hour with a static load exceeding the standard by 10%.

The results of tests of suspended scaffolding and scaffolding must be reflected in the act of acceptance or in the general work log.

At the place where people are lifted onto scaffolding and scaffolding, there should be posters indicating the size and layout of the cargo.

Scaffolding during operation must be inspected by a foreman or foreman at least every 10 days. The results of the inspection are recorded in the log of acceptance and inspection of scaffolding and scaffolding.

Scaffolding from which work has not been carried out for a month or more should be taken in the manner prescribed above before the resumption of work. Forests are subject to additional inspection after rain and thaw, which may affect the bearing capacity of the base under them, as well as after mechanical impacts. If deformations are detected, the scaffolding must be corrected and re-accepted with the execution of the act.

The gap between the wall of the building under construction and the working deck of the scaffolding installed near it should not exceed 50 mm for masonry and 150 mm for finishing work.

When performing heat-insulating work, the gap between the surface to be insulated and the working platform must not exceed double the thickness of the insulation plus 50 mm. The specified gaps larger than 50 mm must be closed in all cases when no work is being done.

During a thunderstorm, snowfall, rain and with a wind force of 15 m / s or more, work from scaffolding, as well as their installation and dismantling, is prohibited.

During the dismantling of scaffolding adjacent to the building, all doorways of the first floor and exits to the balcony of all floors (within the area being dismantled) must be closed.

Hanging scaffold decks must be protected from the outside and end side. Suspended scaffolds must be attached to other parts of the building or structure to prevent them from swinging.

The exit scaffolding must be made of solid boards with a thickness of at least 50 mm and have fences.

Gangways should be made of metal or boards and have planks for resting the legs every 0.3-0.4m, the section of the plank is 20x40mm. The width of the gangway should not be less than 0.8 m for one-way traffic and less than 1.5 m for two-way traffic. Gangways must have a fence at least 1m high. The allowable load must be indicated on the gangways.

To lift suspended platforms, a steel rope with a safety margin of at least nine times must be used. On suspended platforms, fences with a height of at least 1.2 m on three sides should be provided. Cradles should have a dense flooring and mesh or plank fences around the entire perimeter. The height of the fence from non-working sides must be at least 1.2 m, and from the side of the work front - at least 1.0 m. The height of the side railing around the entire perimeter of the cradle must be at least 0.15 m.

The arrangement of doors in the fencing of cradles is not allowed.

4.11. What are the safety requirements for warehousing and storage of materials, products, equipment?

Storage of materials, structures and equipment must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of standards or specifications for materials, products and equipment.

Storage of materials should be carried out outside the prism of soil collapse of loose excavations (pits, trenches).

Materials (structures, equipment) should be placed on leveled areas, taking measures against spontaneous displacement, subsidence, shedding and rolling of stored materials.

Linings and gaskets in stacks of stored materials and structures should be placed in the same vertical plane. Their thickness when stacking panels, blocks and similar structures should be at least 20 mm greater than the height of the protruding mounting loops.

Between stacks (racks) in warehouses, passages with a width of at least 1 m and a passage should be provided, the width of which depends on the dimensions of vehicles and handling mechanisms serving the warehouse.

It is not allowed to lean (support) materials and products against fences, trees and elements of temporary and permanent structures.

Dust-like materials should be stored in closed containers, taking measures against spraying during loading and unloading. Loading openings must be closed with protective gratings, and hatches - with shutters

Materials containing harmful and explosive solvents must be stored in hermetically sealed containers.

The delivery of materials to the territory of the facility under construction or repair is allowed only after the construction of the sites for their storage provided for by the project for the production of works.

During storage, materials, products, instruments and equipment should be stacked as follows: bricks in bags on pallets - no more than 2 tiers, in containers - 1 tier, without containers - no more than 1.7 m high.

Foundation and others concrete blocks stacked in a stack with a height of no more than 2.6 m on linings and gaskets, tiled materials (asbestos-cement tiles, flat asbestos-cement and corrugated sheets) - in stacks up to 1 m high, asbestos-cement hollow slabs - in a stack of up to 15 rows.

Construction Materials in bags (chalk, alabaster, cement, etc.) are placed in fenced and covered rooms in stacks no higher than 3m. Roundwood - in stacks with a height of no more than 1.5 m with spacers between the rows and the installation of stops against rolling. The width of the stack less than its height is not allowed. Lumber is stored in a stack, the height of which, when stacked in rows, is no more than half the width of the stack, and when stacked in cages - no more than the width of the stack.

Small-sized metal is stacked in a rack no more than 1.5 m high, black rolled steel (sheet steel, channels, I-beams, section steel) - in a stack up to 1.5 m high with linings and gaskets. Pipes up to 300 mm in diameter - in a stack up to 3 m high on linings and gaskets with end stops. Pipes with a diameter of more than 300 mm - in a stack up to 3 m high in the saddle without gaskets with end stops.

Large-sized and heavy equipment and its parts - in one tier on linings.

Glass in boxes and rolled material are laid vertically in one row on linings, bitumen - in a tight container that prevents it from spreading, or in special pits with their fencing.

Thermal insulation material stored in a stack up to 1.2 m high with storage in a closed dry room, heating devices (radiators, etc.) in the form of separate sections or assembled - in a stack no more than 1 m high.

Stacks of sand, gravel, crushed stone, coal, coke, ore, etc. bulk materials must be stored at the angle of repose for the type of material or must be protected by strong retaining

walls.

Cargoes stored along the railway tracks must be located from the head of the nearest rail with a cargo (stack) height of up to 1.2 m at a distance of no closer than 2 m, and with a higher height - no closer than 2.5 m.

Unloading, stacking and loading of goods must be carried out in accordance with the technological regulations and instructions for labor protection developed in the workshop.

2.5. Work at height, from scaffolding, scaffolding

and other devices

2.5.1. Scaffolding and scaffolding must comply with the requirements of SNiP III-4-80*. Rules for the production and acceptance of work. Safety in construction, GOST 24258-88. Scaffolding tools. General specifications, GOST 28012-89. Movable scaffolding - collapsible. Specifications.

2.5.2. Scaffolding, scaffolding and other devices for performing work at height must be inventory and manufactured according to standard designs.

For inventory scaffolding, scaffolding and cradles, there must be passports of the plant (enterprise) - manufacturer.

Non-inventory scaffolding is allowed in exceptional cases and must be built according to an individual project with calculations for their stability, as well as for the strength of all their main elements. The project must have the visa of an engineer - inspector for safety and industrial sanitation.

The scaffold project must be approved by the chief engineer of the enterprise or organization that developed it, as well as the chief engineer of the enterprise or organization that issued it for production.

2.5.3. Scaffolding and scaffolding can be made of metal collapsible or wooden.

If necessary, scaffolding and scaffolding near hot surfaces or equipment elements, the wooden parts of the scaffolding must be protected from fire.

2.5.4. The load on the decking of scaffolding, scaffolding and lifting platforms should not exceed the allowable load established by the project (passport). On scaffolding and scaffolding there should be posters indicating permissible load and layout plans.

The accumulation of people on the decks in one place is not allowed. If it is necessary to transfer additional loads to the scaffolding (from machines for lifting materials, lifting platforms, etc.), these loads must be taken into account in their design.

2.5.5. Scaffolding and scaffold decks located at a height of 1.3 m and above from the ground level or ceilings must have fences consisting of posts, railings of the fence with a height of at least 1.1 m, one intermediate horizontal element or grid and a side board with a height of at least 0.15 m. The distance between the posts of the handrails should be no more than 2 m.

Guardrails and railings must withstand a concentrated static load of 700 N (70 kgf).

Flooring on scaffolding and scaffolding must be attached to their crossbars. The side boards should be installed on the flooring, and the railing elements should be attached to the posts from the inside. Handrails of wooden railings must be planed.

Floors and stairs of scaffolding and scaffolding should be periodically cleaned of debris during work and daily after its completion, in winter - from snow and ice and, if necessary, sprinkled with sand.

2.5.6. It is forbidden to drop dismantled parts of the equipment (pipes, cladding parts, insulation, etc.) and debris from a height. Dismantled parts of equipment and garbage should be removed mechanically in closed boxes and containers or along closed chutes.

2.5.7. Scaffolds with a height of more than 4 m are allowed for operation only after they have been accepted by the commission and an act has been issued.

If repairs are carried out by a contracting organization from the scaffolding it constructs, they are taken into operation by a commission appointed by order of the head of the contracting organization (section). The commission in this case is headed by an engineering and technical worker of the contracting organization.

During the construction of scaffolding by an energy enterprise or by order of one of its contractors, they are taken into operation by a commission appointed by an order for the enterprise and headed by an engineering and technical worker of the energy enterprise. The commission also includes representatives of other contracting repair organizations whose personnel will work from these forests.

The forest acceptance certificate approves Chief Engineer organization accepting forests for exploitation. The act is kept by the head of work according to the general order (side). It is allowed to approve the act of acceptance of scaffolding, constructed by a contracting repair organization for its own needs, by the head of the site (workshop) of this organization.

Until the approval of the act, work from the scaffolding is not allowed.

2.5.8. When working from the scaffolding of several contracting organizations, the organization that accepted them into operation is responsible for the condition of the scaffolding.

2.5.9. Scaffolding and scaffolding up to 4 m high are allowed for operation only after they are accepted by the work manager with an entry in the "Journal of Acceptance and Inspection of Scaffolding and Scaffolding" (Appendix 4).

2.5.10. Scaffolding from which no work has been done for a month or more, as well as after rain or thaw in the cold season, which caused deformation of their base, must be corrected and accepted again.

2.5.11. During the operation of the forest, the head of the work must inspect daily with a record of the results of the inspection in a log.

When working from the scaffolding of several contracting organizations on orders or intermediate orders, the scaffolding must be inspected daily by each work manager along with the recording of the results of the inspection in a log.

The journal should be kept by the head of work according to the general outfit (alongside).

2.5.12. Working from random stands (boxes, barrels, boards, etc.) is prohibited.

2.5.13. If it is necessary to carry out short-term work (suspension of rigging devices, etc.) at a height of 1.3 m and above from the floor level (working platform) without scaffolds, safety belts must be used. Workers should be instructed how and where to climb, what to attach to with carabiners of safety belts.

Safety belts must be tagged with the date of the next test. In the absence of a test mark, an expired test period, or if a defect is found during the inspection, the use of safety belts is prohibited.

2.5.14. In order to avoid hitting the scaffolding with a load suspended from the crane hook, turning its boom simultaneously with lifting (lowering) the load in the immediate vicinity of the scaffolding is prohibited.

Raise and lower the load on the flooring should be at minimum speed, smoothly, without jerks.

2.5.15. The assembly and disassembly of scaffolding must be carried out in parallel under the guidance and supervision of the foreman in compliance with the sequence provided for by the project for the production of works. Workers involved in the assembly and disassembly of scaffolding must be instructed by the work manager on the side of the method and sequence of work and safety measures.

Access of unauthorized people to the area where scaffolding and scaffolding is installed or dismantled must be closed.

2.5.16. During work at height, passage below must be prohibited and the danger zone fenced off.

When working on slatted platforms, a dense boardwalk should be made to prevent falling of tools and materials from them.

2.5.17. When combining work vertically, the lower workplaces must be equipped with appropriate protective devices(flooring, nets, visors, etc.) installed at a distance of no more than 6 m vertically from the workplace located above.

When performing work from scaffolding with a height of 6 m or more, there must be at least two decks: working (upper) and protective (lower). Each workplace on scaffolding adjacent to a building or structure must, in addition, be protected from above by a deck located at a height of no more than 2 m from the worker.

2.5.18. Electric wires located at a distance of less than 5 m from metal scaffolding must be de-energized and grounded, or enclosed in boxes, or dismantled during the installation or dismantling of scaffolding.

2.5.19. Scaffolding and scaffolding, from which work is temporarily not performed, should be maintained in good condition.

2.5.20. Individuals at least 18 years of age, without medical contraindications, with at least 1 year of experience in climbing, and tariff category no less than three. Workers admitted to climbing for the first time must work for 1 year under the direct supervision of experienced workers appointed by order of the head of the enterprise.

2.5.21. Small in volume and short work at a height of up to 4 m can be performed from ladders and ladders that meet the requirements of GOST 26887-86. Platforms and stairs for construction and installation works. General specifications, GOST 27321-87. Rack-mounted scaffolding for construction and installation works. Specifications.

When working at height from suspended, attached and sliding ladders, as well as from stepladders with upper platforms not protected by railings with a height of at least 1.1 m, a safety belt should be used, the lanyard of which should be fixed to the structure of the structure, equipment or to the ladder (ladder). ) provided that it is securely fastened to the structure.

2.5.22. It is forbidden to carry out welding work, work using electric and pneumatic tools, as well as work with construction and assembly guns from attached portable ladders and ladders. To perform such work, scaffolding or ladders with upper platforms protected by railings should be used.

2.5.23. Raising and lowering the load on the ladder and leaving the tool on it is prohibited.

2.5.24. When working with a ladder in places with heavy traffic of vehicles or people, to prevent the ladder from falling from accidental shocks, regardless of the presence of special tips at the ends of its ends, the installation site of the ladder should be protected or protected. In cases where it is not possible to secure the ladder when it is installed on a smooth tiled floor, a worker wearing a hard hat should stand at the base of the ladder to hold it in a stable position. In other cases, it is forbidden to support the ladder below with your hands.

More than one person is not allowed on the stairs.

2.5.25. Suspended and mobile scaffolds and cradles for lifting people can only be allowed to operate after they have been tested.

2.5.26. Winches used for lifting and lowering scaffolding and cradles must comply with the requirements of the Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Cranes.

2.5.27. Cables (ropes) at the points of their attachment to the cradle or mobile scaffolding and the winch drum must be firmly fixed. The movement of cables when lifting and lowering cradles and mobile scaffolding must be free. Friction of cables on protruding structures is not allowed. Winches and mobile scaffolds from which work is not performed must be lowered to the ground. When moving cradles and scaffolding, it is necessary to monitor the correct winding of the cable on the winch drum.

2.5.28. Winches used for lifting and lowering cradles and mobile scaffolds must be supported on a foundation or ballasted to ensure their stability under double the working load. The ballast must be firmly attached to the winch frame.

Access of unauthorized persons to the winches is prohibited.

2.5.29. Suspended cradles must have a four-sided fence with a height of at least 1.2 m. The device of doors in the cradle fence is prohibited.

2.5.30. Every day before work, the condition of cradles, mobile scaffolding and ropes should be checked, a test should be carried out to simulate a break in the working rope.

2.5.31. Suspended and mobile scaffolds, cradles, ladders and other devices must be subjected to acceptance and periodic tests. The scope and program of acceptance and periodic tests should be established in the regulatory and technical documentation.