Homemade radar detector. Are radar detectors repairable: what you need to know and be able to do? Detailed parts list

"Radar" in the analysis. ( radar detector- a passive police radar signal receiver that warns the driver about the need to comply with the established speed limit.)

Today we will talk about devices for electronic warfare on our roads.
While radar detectors and radar detectors are not prohibited in our country, we do not conduct electronic warfare, but in some countries the war is going on in full. We can only prepare.

Electronic warfare(EW) - a kind of armed struggle, during which the impact of radio emissions (radio interference) on the enemy's radio-electronic means of control, communications and reconnaissance systems is carried out in order to change the quality of military information circulating in them, protect their systems from similar influences, as well as change the conditions (properties environment) propagation of radio waves. Wikipedia

How to resist someone who is trying to remove information about you without your knowledge and how to protect your "personal data" from unauthorized removal.

Radars, radar detectors, radar detector detectors. About what they are, how to make / cut yourself both.
(Thanks to the online store fonarimarket.ru for the equipment provided)

Radars

The world's first radar

The world's first car radar

Some of the first police radars of the mid-20th century:

blogs.sydneylivingmuseums.com.au/justice/index.php/2011/04/05/a-deterrent-for-scorchers

radio frequency radar(Doppler radar) emits a high-frequency X-, K- or Ka-band radio signal in the direction of the vehicle. The frequency of the reflected signal changes in proportion to the speed of the object. Having received the reflected signal, the radar measures the frequency deviation and calculates the speed of the vehicle. The obtained speed value is displayed on the radar display or transmitted to the situational center, if the radar is stationary.

Ranges of traffic police radars are determined by international agreements. Three ranges are certified in Russia, the frequencies of all radars used by the traffic police in our country must be within their limits.

X-band(operating frequency 10.525 GHz). The first detectors worked in this range, but today they have almost completely given way to equipment using other frequencies, although some foreign and Russian ones (BARRIER, SOKOL) continue to use it.

K-band(carrier frequency 24.150 GHz). Base for the vast majority of traffic police radars in the world. The devices operating in it are more compact, but have a greater detection range than X-band devices.

L-band(1-2GHz).

Range VG-2(16000 MHz) - the band that the police in some European countries (where radar detectors are prohibited) use to detect cars with radar detectors.

Promising ranges of Ka and K u in Russia are not yet certified, and we do not use radar-cameras of these ranges. The detectors used by motorists are tuned to the ranges of traffic police radars of all frequencies used in our country.

The second type of police radar - laser radar(lidar), or as it is often called, optical. The lidar emits short laser pulses outside the visual range (IR), with a fixed time interval, in the direction of the car. These pulses are reflected from the vehicle and received by the laser meter. The lidar records the change in the distance to the object by the delay time of each reflected pulse. The digital lidar device calculates the speed of the vehicle using range data over a fixed period of time.

Big brother guns

Radar "Iskra-1"

Radar "Iskra-1" is a reliable and efficient speed meter operating in the K-band. For 15 years, the radar has been successfully used by road guard services to control the speed limit on the roads of Russia. Iskra-1 operates at double the K-band frequency, which significantly increases the reliability of measurements under adverse weather conditions. Distinctive feature models "Iskra-1" is a monopulse method of measuring speed. This mode ensures high performance of the device: the radar calculates the parameters of the car's movement in just 0.2 seconds. At the same time, the radar is practically invisible to all foreign-made radar detectors that are not adapted to Russian conditions: they all perceive the Iskra's short-pulse signal as interference.

Characteristics
Instrument type radar

, patrol (on the move)

Speed measurement range 30-220 km/h

The lineup
"Iskra-1V" is designed to operate in a stationary mode, mainly in one direction. The radar makes it possible in almost any conditions to identify a vehicle with the highest speed in the traffic flow, exceeding the speed of the flow by only 5 km/h.

Iskra-1D is the first Russian radar capable of operating in all directions in a moving patrol car. In one second, the radar manages to make a five-fold measurement of its own speed and the speed of the target, eliminate possible errors, process the measurement results and display them on a scoreboard that sequentially displays the target's speed, own speed and time since the beginning of the measurement.

Radar "Sokol-M"
The Sokol-M mobile radar is an autonomous radar speed meter operating in the outdated X-band. The device is designed to determine the speed of oncoming vehicles only. Dimensional, easy to use, the radar is able to control the speed of both individual vehicles and those moving in the stream at a distance of 300-500 m. It is perfectly recognized by “white” radar detectors of any price category. The Sokol-M radar was discontinued in 2008, but due to its high reliability, ease of use and relatively low price, it is now very widely used in Russia and the Commonwealth countries.

Characteristics
Instrument type radar
Speed meter operating frequency 10500-10550 MHz (X-band)
Controlled directions of movement all directions
(in move)

The lineup
"Sokol-MS" is designed for stationary speed control and has an adjustable range. All Sokol-M models operate in the Ultra-X pulsed mode, which makes these radars difficult to detect for radar detectors of the lower price category and models that are not adapted for use in Russian conditions.

"Sokol-MD" is designed to measure the speed of oncoming and passing vehicles in a moving patrol car.

"Sokol-Viza" - a mobile complex for measuring speed and video recording is a Sokol-M radar, paired with a digital video camera. The system operates in a stationary mode (installed mainly on a stationary patrol car) and can only measure the speed of oncoming vehicles. The Sokol-Viza complex captures on video not only violations of the speed limit, but also driving at a red light and crossing solid lanes - it is almost impossible to protest such an accusation of violating traffic rules.

Radar "Binar"
A feature of "Binar" is the presence of two video cameras: the first serves for a wide view of the traffic situation, the second shoots a close-up of the intruder's car with a distinguishable license plate at a distance of up to 200 meters. The device is able to work stationary or while the traffic police patrol car is moving. The presence of two video recordings in addition to the radar readings make it easier to control the situation on the road and increase the reliability of detecting a traffic offender. "Binar" is equipped with a non-volatile memory card in SD format, is lightweight, can be charged from the car's on-board network and can be synchronized with a computer. Radar control is carried out using the remote control remote control or touch screen.

Characteristics

Speed meter operating frequency 24050-24250 MHz (K-band)
Controlled directions of movement all directions
Speed measurement mode stationary, patrol
Detection range up to 300 m

Measurement error ±2 km/h

Radar "Radis"
Radar "Radis" has high accuracy and fast speed measurements with the ability to select the nearest or fastest car from the traffic stream. The device is capable of measuring speed both in the opposite direction and in the same direction, is equipped with two displays with bright backlighting and has simple control using the on-screen menu. The radar is capable of measuring speed while being charged from the car's on-board network. The weight of the device is only 450 g. "Radis" can be installed in the cabin, as well as on the hood or roof of a patrol car using a magnetic stand. With a remote control, the radar can be controlled remotely.

Characteristics
Instrument type radar
Speed meter operating frequency 24050-24250 MHz (K-band)
Controlled directions of movement all directions
Speed measurement mode stationary, patrol
Detection range up to 800 m
Speed measurement range 10-300 km/h
Measurement error ±1 km/h

Radar "Berkut"
Police radar "Berkut" is designed to control the speed of single vehicles or cars in heavy traffic. Has the ability to select the closest or fastest car. The radar is equipped with a backlight indicator and buttons, allowing the traffic police inspector to record the speed of the car in the dark. "Berkut" can work 10 hours without recharging and measure speed both stationary and in patrol mode. The radar is easy to use and easily mounted on the dashboard of a car. Depending on the situation, you can attach a handle, bracket or video recorder to the device.

Characteristics
Instrument type radar
Speed meter operating frequency 24050-24250 MHz (K-band)
Controlled directions of movement all directions
Speed measurement mode stationary
Detection range up to 800 m
Speed measurement range 20-250 km/h
Measurement error ±2 km/h

Radar "Vizir"
While determining the speed, the Vizir radar makes a photo and video recording of the violator's car, which helps the traffic police inspector in resolving disputes. The results of speed measurements, as well as the control date and time, are entered into the picture taken by the "Vizir". The device takes measurements in all directions and is able to work both stationary and in a patrol car. The radar is equipped with a built-in LCD display and a simple menu with a convenient arrangement of control keys. The device has a function of automatic measurement of speed and recording of traffic violations. "Vizir" can be connected to an external monitor and transfer data to a computer.

Characteristics
Device type radar, video recorder
Speed meter operating frequency 24050-24250 MHz (K-band)
Controlled directions of movement all directions
Speed measurement mode stationary, patrol
Detection range up to 600 m
Speed measurement range 20-250 km/h
Measurement error ±2 km/h

Radar complex "Strelka"
The Strelka radar system accurately measures the speed of all vehicles that fall within its coverage area (500 m from the installation site), regardless of the traffic density. Strelka's camera captures exceeding the set speed limit at a distance of 350 to 50 m to the installation site and photographs the violator's car with clearly distinguishable license plates. The received data is processed by a computer and transmitted to the information processing center via a fiber optic line or radio channel.

Characteristics

Speed meter operating frequency 24050-24250 MHz (K-band)
Controlled traffic directions all directions (up to 4 lanes)
Speed measurement mode stationary, patrol
Detection range up to 500 m
Minimum detection range 50 m
Speed measurement range 20-300 km/h
Measurement error ±1 km/h

The lineup
"Arrow-01-ST" - stationary device, which is installed above the roadway and transmits information to the control center via fiber optic communication.

Strelka-01-STR is a stationary device that is installed above the roadway and transmits information to the control center via radio.

Strelka-01-STM is a mobile version of the device that can be placed on a patrol car.

Radar complex "Arena"
The hardware-software complex "Arena" is designed to automatically control the speed limit on a certain section of the road. Preparation of the complex for work takes about 10 minutes. "Arena" is installed on a tripod 3-5 m from the edge of the carriageway. Vehicles that have exceeded the speed limit are automatically photographed, and data on violations are transmitted to the traffic police post or stored in the device's memory. The radar complex is powered by a battery located nearby in a special box.

Characteristics
Device type radar, photo fixator, APK
Speed meter operating frequency 24050-24250 MHz (K-band)

Speed measurement mode stationary
Detection range up to 90 m
Speed measurement range 20-250 km/h
Measurement error ±2 km/h

Photoradar complex "Chris"
The photoradar complex "Kris" is designed to automatically record traffic violations, recognize vehicle numbers, check them against federal or regional databases and transmit data to a remote traffic police post. The device is equipped with an infrared camera, which allows it to work at night. "Chris" is installed on a tripod near the edge of the roadway and will measure the speed of only those cars that are in the frame.

Characteristics
Device type radar, photo fixator
Speed meter operating frequency 24050-24250 MHz (K-band)
Controlled directions of movement all directions
Speed measurement mode stationary
Detection range up to 150 m
Speed measurement range 20-250 km/h
Measurement error ±1 km/h

The lineup
"Kris-S" is a standard model of a photoradar complex.

"Kris-P" is an improved model with a new photoradar sensor.

Rapira-1 Radar
Rapira-1 radar is used only for stationary measurement of vehicle speed, it can work separately or as part of various hardware and software systems. The radar is installed at a distance of 4-9 meters above the road at an angle of 25 ° and allows you to determine the speed of the car in a narrow control zone.

Characteristics
Device type radar, photo fixator
Speed meter operating frequency 24050-24250 MHz (K-band)
Controlled direction of travel
Speed measurement mode stationary
Detection range up to 20 m
Speed measurement range 20-250km/h
Measurement error ±2 km/h

Laser radar "Lisd-2"
The laser radar "Lisd-2" is designed to measure the speed and distance to various objects, uses a narrowly directed light radiation that allows you to highlight a specific car in a dense stream of vehicles. The lidar is made in the form of binoculars with an optical sight, it works only stationary, but measures the speed in all directions. A shoulder strap can be attached and the device can be mounted on a tripod.

Characteristics

Controlled directions of movement all directions
Speed measurement mode stationary
Detection range up to 400 m
Speed measuring range 1-200 km/h
Measurement error ±2 km/h
The lineup
Lisd-2M is the standard lidar model.
"Lisd-2F" - an improved model equipped with a photographic fixation unit.

Laser radar "Amata"
The Amata laser radar is able to accurately measure the speed and distance of vehicles and record traffic violations using photo or video recording. The device works on the basis of a laser speed meter, which allows you to reliably select the car you need from the traffic police inspector from a dense traffic flow. Lidar "Amata" is equipped with a sighting mark, which on the display of the device or on the photo coincides with the direction of the laser beam and is proof of measuring the speed of a particular vehicle.

Characteristics
Device type lidar, photofixator
Laser wavelength 800-1100 nm
Controlled directions of movement all directions
Speed measurement mode stationary, patrol
Detection range up to 700 m
Speed measuring range 1.5-280 km/h
Measurement error ±2 km/h

radar detector

legality
The use of radar detectors is officially permitted in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Kazakhstan and all other Commonwealth countries, the USA (except Virginia and Washington DC), Great Britain, Iceland, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovenia, Albania, Israel, Japan, India, Pakistan, Taiwan, New Zealand.

Radar detectors are prohibited for use in Canada (except for the states of British Columbia, Alberta and Saskatchewan), Brazil, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Belgium, Ireland, Switzerland, Denmark, Germany, Austria, Holland, Luxembourg, France, Spain, Portugal, Italy , Greece, Croatia, Serbia, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, Bosnia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Turkey, Jordan, Singapore, Malaysia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, UAE, South Africa, Australia (excluding Western Australia).

History

The world's first radar detector for motorists

They promoted such gadgets through the Popular Electronics magazine (1961):

Later models:

Radar Detector Museum - www.radarddetectormuseum.com

The insides of a modern SHO-ME 520 STR radar detector

Bottom view

With the radiator removed (corrected in the comments - this is an RF screen. It is he who shields the radiation of the local oscillator, and also protects the receiving path from external interference. Thank you). On the top left is a laser detector, below is a copper horn antenna. In the center is the RF module. To the right - 3 control buttons. Right (white) - display

Under the RF screen

detailed description of the components on a similar device

False signals are radio signals from foreign devices operating in the ranges of police radars, but having nothing to do with the latter. For example, automatic store doors can operate in X- and K-bands, satellite equipment signals can be detected by a radar detector in the X-band, radio signals of all bands, as well as laser signals, can be detected in areas adjacent to airports.

Radar detectors use software and hardware methods to protect against false radio signals. Hardware methods involve the installation of specialized filters in the radar detector receiver, and software methods include special algorithms that can identify the radar signal and cut off its signal from interference. But sometimes these methods are not enough, especially when using a radar detector in urban areas with a lot of interference from extraneous devices. To do this, all modern radar detectors have a manual change in the sensitivity of the device - switching between the "City" and "Route" modes. Depending on the “interference” situation, the driver can independently adjust the sensitivity of his device and minimize the number of false positives of the radar detector.

Active radar detectors

The anti-radar is an active type device. It is equipped not only with a radio receiver for signal detection, but also with a radio transmitter that emits a signal-to-interference signal. It is this signal that disrupts the work of police radars: it mixes the signal coming from the radar with radio noise (“white noise”). The radar receiver receives a distorted signal and cannot determine the speed of the vehicle to which the radio signal was sent.

These devices are banned almost everywhere. This device is included in the list of devices included in the Law "On counteraction to traffic authorities".

Old school police radar hack

Having found grandfather's radar in the attic, the craftsman tinkered with the oscilloscope and soldered the adapter from the radar to the laptop through the audio input. And then successfully processed the signal on the computer.

P.S.

bearded story

Two California Highway Patrol cops were in ambush with a radar on I-15, just north of the Marine airfield at Miramar.
One of them set out to measure the speed of the cars leaving the hillock, which is directly in front of them.
Suddenly ... the radar began to show 500 km / h.
The policeman tried to reset the radar program, but the program refused to reset, and then the radar itself turned off.
Then a deafening roar coming from somewhere in the treetops explained that the radar was tracking a Marine F/A-18 Hornet (produced by Northrop-Gramman) in a low-flying exercise nearby.

The captain of the police department sent a complaint to the commander of the Marine base.
The answer that came back was in true Marine style:

“Thank you for your letter. We can finally close the folder with this incident. You may be interested in the fact that the Hornet's tactical computer detected the presence and began tracking your enemy radar, which is why it sent a jamming response signal, which is why your radar turned off.
Further, the Air-to-Ground missile, which is part of the ammunition of a fully armed aircraft at that time, also automatically aimed at the location of your equipment.
Luckily, the Marine Corps pilot in control of the Hornet correctly assessed the situation and, quickly responding to the missile system's alert status, was able to take control. automatic system defense before the missile was fired to destroy the enemy radar location.

The pilot also suggests that you keep your mouth shut when you swear at him, as the video system on this type of aircraft is very high tech. Sergeant Johnson, the cop holding the radar, needs to see his dentist for a left posterior molar. It looks like the seal in it is loose.
In addition, his holster clasp is broken.

Thank you for your concern.

Semper Fi»

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Practice shows that quite often everything home-made, if done with high quality, works best of all serial. This is due to the fact that manual assembly, unlike mass assembly, is performed most carefully. In addition, with your own hands you can collect something that is not available for sale at all. One of these tasks is the task of how to make a radar. There are radar detectors and radar detectors on sale, but it is almost impossible to buy a radar itself, such as the one used by the traffic police. This special technique is not commercially available, so it is virtually unavailable, regardless of its price. Although if it were on sale, then it was the price of modern electronic systems designed to control the speed of cars by the traffic police that would become the main obstacle to its acquisition.

When thinking about how to include a radar in a number of do-it-yourself electronic devices, you must first understand where to get the components to assemble this rather complex device. The components include a good digital video camera and a device for laser measurement of the speed of moving objects, which can be purchased in specialized stores for aeromodelling enthusiasts. In addition, you will need patch cords that will allow you to transfer the laser speedometer readings and the image from the video camera to a computer, and then record these readings along with an image of a moving car. You will also need a body problem-solving how to set up a radar, consisting of two separate named electronic devices, so that both the camera and the laser speed meter "look" at the same object.

The laser speed meter works on the principle of fixing the time after which the laser beam, pulsed by the device, reflects from the surface of a moving object, and returns to the device. Such fixation when measuring speed is carried out up to 10 times, after which the device displays on its display the result of measuring the speed of the object at which it was aimed. In fact, this is the radar, and the camera is needed only for reliable recording of the results. It remains to solve the question of how to connect the radar to the computer. This requires a USB cable as this instrument has standard settings for transferring information to a computer. In the same way, a camcorder is connected to the computer through another USB port using a second cable.

The camera and instrument are placed together in a housing that secures them rigidly and allows both instruments to "look" at the same moving object. All devices turn on at the same time, then the image received from the camera in on-line mode remains in the lower open window, and on top of it is superimposed in another smaller window the image obtained from the laser speed meter. The Camtasia Studio program is installed on the computer, which allows you to record everything that happens on the monitor, this program is configured according to the instructions attached to it and starts in recording mode. As a result, it becomes clear how to use the radar: turning everything on together, point the body with the camera and the meter at a moving object, and then record combined images of the moving object and speed readings from the computer monitor.

After a couple of weeks of preparation, we finally decided how to start it and what might be needed for this. The design didn't have to be very advanced; we set the difficulty level to medium. Below is an example of using a narrow band personal radar. He was supposed to look a little funny, so you can laugh!

Description and purpose of the project

The goal of the project was to create a functioning radar. The system is only required to measure the distance at a 90 degree angle, as shown in the example above. Depending on the selected sensor, the system operates within 4-30 cm, 20-150 cm and 1-5.5 m.

The results of the project will influence subsequent developments in which we will try to integrate radar for navigating mobile robots in natural conditions.

Electronic parts

Voltage regulator LM7805 5V
Microcontroller PIC18F452
IR Sensor GP2D120
Quartz resonator at 4 or 8 MHz
Switch
Capacitor
30-pin connector
5 triggers 74LS373
Bread board
Solder
36 indicators
Wire 30 AWG
Wire Tools
soldering iron

Detailed parts list

You may or may not know everything about the above details, so to help make sense of them, a picture of every detail has been included. There were three new objects that were not previously specified in the project: a servo system, and IR sensors. Description and IR sensors coming soon; as for 74HCT373 -- below will be presented short review. You can always check the IC specification by simply searching for "74HCT373".

An eight-bit microcircuit containing a tri-stable flip-flop. Simply put, this chip is capable of storing 8 bits of digital logic and holding it in memory until it is erased or changed using the LE-Latch Enable pin.

Work principles

Control terminals LE and OE
8 Data entry D0-D7
8 Data output D0-D7

Power (Vcc & GND.)
Output Activation (OE) allows Q0-Q7 to output data currently in D-flip-flops.
Trigger Activation (LE) allows the data contained on D0-D7 to be overwritten to the D-trigger.

Circuit overview

The scheme for this project is much more complicated than the previous ones. There are 4 main advantages in our development.

We will be able to program images from the developed board.
We will control the servo system.
We will be taking data from the IR distance sensor.
We will set 36 LEV indicators to display the data output received from the IR sensor.

Circuit Characteristics

Nutrition

Power is supplied via a 9V battery connected to the LM7805 with a 1uF capacitor connected to the pin/ground to provide uninterrupted DC power to the LM7805.
Program cycle
Programming is done by connecting two connectors from the controller to the programmer, giving the first programmer connector access to MCLR*/Vpp-Pin1 on the controller. For safety reasons, a rectifier diode is installed.
IR Distance Sensor
The IR Sensor uses one controller connector PIN 2 - RA0. The analog capabilities of this pin are used to obtain the ADC value, since only the analog signal is taken from the IR sensor. This value tells if there is something within the sensor's coverage radius.

LED indication

There are 40 LED indicators in total. Each 74HCT373 chip controls up to 8 LEDs; since 40/8=5 we need 5 74HCT373 circuits to drive all 40 indicators. It should be noted in the diagram that one data bus is used for all 5 chips.

Theory

This development uses three main instruments to create a personal radar. The IR sensor is connected to the microcontroller, and then output to the indicator segment. A visual demonstration of this process is provided:

Using different sensors
An important aspect of the accuracy of the IR sensors used in this project is that they have the same voltage characteristics, so this program is compatible with all indicators. The only thing you need to know is how the sensor is used to determine the distance displayed on the indicators.

Usage

So, let's take a look at the final form of the device:

This is the appearance of the assembled device. Let's move on to the next section and continue assembling the instrument.

The plastic housing at the bottom of the picture was not mentioned in the parts list. This is a common case that can be purchased from any electronics manufacturer or retailer. First of all, you need to drill 36 holes for the indicators in the circuit and fix the indicators in them. An anchoring agent was used before inserting the indicators into the holes.

After the panel is soldered, we start connecting the circuit. Each wire must be connected through a small hole in the case.

The figure above shows the view of the panel at an early stage. At the beginning of connecting the wires, there is an accumulation of a huge number of them, for example, like this:

The final touch in the development of a personal radar is the ability to use it online. Use wires with a length of 2-4 meters when connecting the servo system and the IR sensor. We make a hole in front of the case for these wires:
Having finished with the assembly, let's move on to the software part of the development. This is certainly a more subtle part of the design than even the wiring.

The software for this instrument consists of three main parts:

Servo Control
LED indication control
input A/D/

Since all the software in this project will not fit on one page, what the parts are and how they work will be explained.

Servo Control

The servo system is controlled by timers and interrupts. With two separate interrupts fired simultaneously to create the desired sound, a 50 GHz signal is generated and the servo pointer moves in small steps to adjust the creaky sound.
Adjustment of LED indication.
The indicators are controlled by triggers 74LS373/74HCT373. The system constantly updates the trigger data displayed on the indicators.
A/C Input
The IR sensor provides analog output. A converter is used to determine the voltage value, indicating that the object has gone to a distance outside the IR sensor's coverage area.

The assembly and configuration of the device is completed - you need to test it. Depending on the sensor you are using, the indication will be different. Sensors to choose from GP2D120, GP2Y0A21YK and GP2Y0A700K0F.

Data and observations

The first radar test will be a close range test. Tin cans were used as obstacles.

On the second video (on the first page) indicators 20 cm - 150 cm and 1 m - 5.5 m are tested, allowing to overcome more serious obstacles. Look to understand what is at stake.

Two videos will demonstrate the operation of the sensor, however, self assembly there may be minor difficulties, which will be described in the conclusion.

ABOUT personal radar overview

Assembling and setting up this device takes a little time. This is a project that you can do in a day, and it already has a niche in application, but as time goes on, additional difficulties will arise. IR sensors may become unreliable, output results may be poor due to environmental influences.

Actions to be taken

To increase the coverage radius of the sensor, it is planned to use ultrasonic sensors, equivalent to the “sound sensors” described above, transmitting data on the distance from you to the object. The range of ultrasound is wider than that of infrared radiation, and it is more reliable in adverse conditions.

Conclusion

The project was a fascinating study of IR sensors. It demonstrates that the results can be obtained and used realistically. Many further projects can be developed from this.

"Radar" in the analysis. ( radar detector- a passive police radar signal receiver that warns the driver about the need to comply with the established speed limit.)

Electronic warfare(EW) - a kind of armed struggle, during which the impact of radio emissions (radio interference) on the enemy's radio-electronic means of control, communications and reconnaissance systems is carried out in order to change the quality of military information circulating in them, protect their systems from similar influences, as well as change the conditions (properties environment) propagation of radio waves. Wikipedia

How to resist someone who is trying to remove information about you without your knowledge and how to protect your "personal data" from unauthorized removal.

Radars, radar detectors, radar detector detectors. About what they are, how to make / cut yourself both.
(Thanks to the online store fonarimarket.ru for the equipment provided)

Radars

The world's first radar

The world's first car radar

Some of the first police radars of the mid-20th century:

blogs.sydneylivingmuseums.com.au/justice/index.php/2011/04/05/a-deterrent-for-scorchers

L-band(1-2GHz).

Range VG-2(16000 MHz) - the band that the police in some European countries (where radar detectors are prohibited) use to detect cars with radar detectors.

Big brother guns

Radar "Iskra-1"

Radar "Iskra-1" is a reliable and efficient speed meter operating in the K-band. For 15 years, the radar has been successfully used by road guard services to control the speed limit on the roads of Russia. Iskra-1 operates at double the K-band frequency, which significantly increases the reliability of measurements under adverse weather conditions. A distinctive feature of the Iskra-1 models is the monopulse method for measuring speed. This mode ensures high performance of the device: the radar calculates the parameters of the car's movement in just 0.2 seconds. At the same time, the radar is practically invisible to all foreign-made radar detectors that are not adapted to Russian conditions: they all perceive the Iskra's short-pulse signal as interference.

Characteristics
Instrument type radar

(in move)

Speed measurement range 30-220 km/h

Characteristics
Instrument type radar
Speed meter operating frequency 10500-10550 MHz (X-band)
Controlled directions of movement all directions
, patrol (on the move)

"Sokol-MD" is designed to measure the speed of oncoming and passing vehicles in a moving patrol car.

Radar "Radis"
Radis Radar has high accuracy and fast measurement speed with the ability to select the closest or fastest car from the traffic stream. The device is capable of measuring speed both in the opposite direction and in the same direction, is equipped with two displays with bright backlighting and has simple control using the on-screen menu. The radar is capable of measuring speed while being charged from the car's on-board network. The weight of the device is only 450 g. "Radis" can be installed in the cabin, as well as on the hood or roof of a patrol car using a magnetic stand. With a remote control, the radar can be controlled remotely.

The lineup
Strelka-01-ST is a stationary device that is installed above the roadway and transmits information to the control center via fiber optic communication.

Strelka-01-STR is a stationary device that is installed above the roadway and transmits information to the control center via radio.

Strelka-01-STM is a mobile version of the device that can be placed on a patrol car.

The lineup
"Kris-S" is a standard model of a photoradar complex.

"Kris-P" is an improved model with a new photoradar sensor.

radar detector

History

The world's first radar detector for motorists

They promoted such gadgets through the Popular Electronics magazine (1961):

Later models:

Radar Detector Museum - www.radarddetectormuseum.com

The insides of a modern SHO-ME 520 STR radar detector

Bottom view

With the radiator removed (it was corrected in the comments - this is an RF screen. It just shields the radiation of the local oscillator, and also protects the receiving path from external interference. Thanks r00tGER). On the top left is a laser detector, below is a copper horn antenna. In the center is the RF module. To the right - 3 control buttons. Right (white) - display

Under the RF screen

detailed description of the components on a similar device

Active radar detectors

These devices are banned almost everywhere. This device is included in the list of devices included in the Law "On counteraction to traffic authorities".

Old school police radar hack

P.S.

bearded story

The captain of the police department sent a complaint to the commander of the Marine base.
The answer that came back was in true Marine style:

“Thank you for your letter. We can finally close the folder with this incident. You may be interested in the fact that the Hornet's tactical computer detected the presence and began tracking your enemy radar, which is why it sent a jamming response signal, which is why your radar turned off.
Further, the Air-to-Ground missile, which is part of the ammunition of a fully armed aircraft at that time, also automatically aimed at the location of your equipment.
Fortunately, the Marine pilot flying the Hornet correctly assessed the situation, and by quickly reacting to the missile system's alarm status, was able to take control of the automatic defense system before the missile could be fired to destroy the enemy radar location.

Thank you for your concern.

Semper Fi»

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You can find hundreds or even thousands of different radar detectors on the market, but not all of them are equally good. What is the difference between a radar for 1000 rubles (for example, from aliexpress) and a device for 10-15 thousand rubles? The price is naturally justified not by the marketing "chips" of manufacturers, and today we will tell you what is inside modern radar detectors and how to choose the one that will not upset you while on the road.

Let's start with the very basics. What is a radar detector? Radar is a passive radio receiver emitted by police speed cameras. I want to say right away that in this article we will analyze the design of passive radar detectors, and not radar detectors (radar detector is an active interference emitter that makes it impossible to measure the speed of a car).

Radar detectors with active horn
Radar detectors with active horn and GPS
GPS radars
Signature radar detectors (technically they can be classified as ordinary radars, but in practice this is a completely new type of device).

The first group - this can be said with which it all began. The simplest and most understandable type of device. From the name it is clear that you will not find anything in these devices other than a horn and prosthetic electronics.

It looks like this

A horn antenna is located in front, turning into a radio unit, next to it you see a unit for receiving laser signals. Of course, we will not talk about the scattering of transistors and the microcircuits themselves. All you need to pay attention to is the horn, the laser receiver and of course the processor itself. It should be understood that all old radar detectors and modern devices up to 3000 rubles are built according to the same principle, of course we are interested in the latter. What is the disadvantage of such a design? And the fact that the manufacturer is trying to save on almost everything. Pay attention to the antenna itself.

On the left you see the mouthpiece of a modern radar detector, and on the right an outdated one. I think the difference is visible to an inexperienced user. And it seems to me that it is not necessary to tell what radar detector more interference resistant.

But it should be understood that conventional radar detectors without GPS are outdated technology and at the moment you should not pay attention to them, since there are cameras that cannot be detected by radio signal (for example, AVTODORIA).

Radar detectors with an active horn and GPS are a more modern type of radar, but even here there are devices that you should not pay attention to. The selection principles are about the same. It is worth buying a radar - detectors with the most effective radar part and a modern processor. How to choose a really effective radar, you ask? That is why we are writing this article.

At the moment, Playme devices can be called the best offer in terms of price-quality ratio. All radar detectors of the brand are assembled at the Korean factory, and this really plays a big role (since it is Korean radars that can be called the accepted quality standard). For comparison, this is how the radar part of the Chinese radar looks like

It's not worth talking about circuitry. There are inexpensive transistors on the board, the soldering quality leaves much to be desired, and the radar part itself is almost 2 times smaller (2 times smaller than that of the same PlaymeHARD)

It is also worth noting that at the moment the Korean radar is not a synonym for high cost. In this example, we used 2 devices. Korean Playme HARD and Chinese Omni RS-500. At the moment, HARD costs 5390, and the Chinese device is 7250.

Why is there such a difference, you ask? Why is Korean radar detector cheaper? Yes, because in Playme radar detectors you do not overpay for extra features and marketing, which is very rare in modern devices. As an example, let's look at the Neoline X-COP 5700 (which costs about 10,000 at the time of writing). If we talk about the circuitry of the device, then you will not find anything special here. In almost all tests, the device showed itself to be average. The only functional difference between neoline is that the manufacturer has attached to a conventional radar, which should cost no more than 5,000 rubles, the Motion Control function (disabling the sound warning with a wave of the hand), which is what we call an overpayment for marketing.

GPS radars are an outdated type of radar. At the moment, there are practically no such devices. This is not surprising, since almost every second DVR has a GPS base of posts, radars and cameras, and almost every radar has a GPS module. Why GPS is needed, we have already told you whether it is worth buying a device without a radar frequency, it's up to you to decide. At a rather considerable price, GPS radars are inferior in functionality to conventional ones and have only one plus - this is the size.

Signature radar detectors - as already mentioned, technically this is a regular radar. The only difference is a super powerful processor that allows the device to analyze any incoming signals in a split second. For those who do not know, radars that are able to recognize a speed camera by a “signature” are called signature radars. At the moment, only Playme devices can boast of really working signature radars, which at the same time cost absolutely adequate money.

Summing up, I would like to say that this article serves as a kind of educational program for choosing radar detectors. Naturally, not a single online store will let you disassemble the radar before buying and make sure that everything is really so. I would like to express special gratitude to the Playme engineers who did not hesitate before this article (like most of the manufacturers we contacted) and provided us with their devices so that we could disassemble them and show you what is inside the most modern radars.

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