Water sports in the pool. Swimming

Swimming is one of the most popular and massive sports. Swimming is undoubtedly one of the most beneficial types of physical activity. The purpose of this article is to familiarize the reader with the varieties of swimming and some types of water sports.

According to the classification of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) swimming as a sport, includes: competitive swimming, water polo, diving and synchronized swimming. The development of swimming in the world is coordinated by the International Swimming Federation (FINA), founded in 1908 and holding world championships since 1973, and in Europe by the European Swimming League (LEN), established in 1926 and holding European championships since 1926. In terms of the number of medals played at the Olympic Games, swimming is in second place, second only to athletics.

You can consider swimming not as a set of water sports, but from the point of view of the purpose of movement. Then swimming can be divided into several types (sports, applied, health-improving, figured, game, underwater). Each of the types of swimming is characterized by special movements or methods of movement in the aquatic environment. And the way of movement in the water, in turn, determines the technique of swimming.

We present the above in the form of a diagram and consider in more detail the types of swimming and some types of water sports.

Sports swimming

Sports swimming includes various kinds of competitions held in pools 50 or 25 meters long at distances from 50 to 1500 meters, as well as in open water in the form of long-distance swims (5, 10, 25 km). The first swimmer (team) to reach the finish line wins.

The distance must be overcome by various strictly regulated competition rules in ways. Sports swimming methods include: freestyle (crawl on the chest), butterfly (dolphin), breaststroke, backstroke (crawl on the back). In terms of speed, the fastest way to swim is front crawl, then butterfly, back crawl and breaststroke.

Swimming styles (from left to right): backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly, freestyle

Sports swimming was included in the program of the First Olympic Games in 1896, held in Athens. Then the following distances were presented: 100 meters, 500 meters, 1200 meters freestyle and 100 meters for sailors.

At present olympic swimming program in a 50m pool includes 32 numbers (16 distances for men and 16 for women):

single swimming in sports ways at various distances: freestyle (50, 100, 200, 400, 800 meters for women and 50, 100, 200, 400 and 1500 meters for men), back crawl (100 and 200 meters), breaststroke ( 100 and 200 meters), butterfly (100 and 200 meters),
integrated swimming (200 and 400 meters). Equal segments of the distance are overcome by different ways of swimming, changing in a clear sequence;
freestyle relay races 4 * 100 and 4 * 200 meters. Four swimmers swim alternately freestyle the same length;
combined relay 4 * 100 meters. Each participant swims his stage in a certain way of swimming.

Since 2008, the Olympic program has included marathon swimming in open water at a distance of 10 km.

The program of the world championships and other international competitions is somewhat different from the Olympic one. In addition, competitions are held separately in the "short water" (in a 25-meter pool).

A variety of sports swimming are swims- swims over long distances (more than 2 km), held on natural reservoirs. Marathon swims are held at a distance of 5, 10, 25 km. There are swims up to 100 - 150 km long. Swimming participants have the right to use any swimming methods at a distance, change them while overcoming the distance, and also eat while being in the water in an unsupported position.

Sports swimming at various distances is included as a mandatory exercise in various types all-around(modern pentathlon, officer pentathlon, etc.).

By clicking on the links you can get acquainted with the successes of Soviet and Russian Olympians, read about the outstanding swimmers and swimmers of the world, read.

Play swimming

Play swimming- this is the use of all kinds of outdoor games in the conditions of the aquatic environment. Games cause great emotions, increase activity, develop coordination, promote a sense of camaraderie and the emergence of initiative. A variety of games and entertainment are widely used in health camps and when organizing water holidays. One of these games - water polo - has become an Olympic sport.

- a sports team game with a ball on the water, the goal of the game is to throw the ball into the opponent's goal as many times as possible and not let the ball into your own goal. The game takes place in a pool measuring 30x20 meters, at least 180 cm deep. There are marking lines at the bottom of the water field, they are also indicated by floats of different colors along the pool border. The game involves 2 teams, 7 players each, one of them is the goalkeeper. Gate size: 3 meters wide, 90 cm high. The goalkeeper is the only player on the team who can touch the ball with both hands. The water polo ball is similar to a volleyball, it should not absorb water, the color of the ball is usually yellow, the circumference is from 68 to 71 cm, the weight is from 400 to 450 grams (3 sizes in total: for children, juniors and adults). The game consists of 4 periods, lasting 8 minutes of pure time. Each team can have possession of the ball for a maximum of 30 seconds.

Water polo was invented in the second half of the 19th century by the Scot William Wilson. The prototype of the game was rugby. Water polo is one of the oldest Olympic sports. Water polo among men's teams entered the Olympic program in 1900, and women's - only 100 years later. The largest number of medals at the Olympic Games (gold and total) was won by the Hungarian water polo players. Soviet water polo players have been participating in the Olympic Games since 1952 and have repeatedly won Olympic medals (2 gold, 2 silver, 3 bronze). Russian water polo players have 1 silver and 2 bronze medals.

The World Water Polo Championship among men has been held since 1973, among women - since 1986 under the auspices of FINA.

Sports diving

Sports diving- one of the most spectacular competitions in water sports. Athletes jump from a springboard or tower, performing a number of acrobatic actions during the jump (screws, revolutions, rotations). Jumps are single and synchronized doubles. The judges evaluate the takeoff and stand on the projectile, repulsion, the quality of the performance of acrobatic elements in flight, entry into the water and synchronization (in pair jumps).

Sports diving

Projectiles for jumping into the water are:

Springboard- a special springy board, one end of which is fixed on the side of the pool. Board size: length - 4.8 meters, width 50 cm. The front edge of the springboard protrudes beyond the edge of the pool by at least 1.5 meters. Performing a ski jump, the athlete first swings on it and then, powerfully pushing off, jumps into the water. Springboard is meter and three meters.
Tower- a structure with several platforms at different heights. Each platform is 2 meters wide and 6 meters long. The edge of the platform protrudes beyond the edge of the pool by at least 1.5 meters. Jumps are performed from a tower of 5, 7.5 and 10 meters.

Each sports jump has its own coefficient of difficulty (from 1.2 to 3.9). Jumps into the water are distinguished: according to the initial position - from the front and back racks, from the handstand; in the direction of rotation - forward, backward and with screws (rotation around the longitudinal axis). Jumps from the front stance can be performed from a place or from a running start. The combination of different elements allows you to perform more than 60 options for ski jumping and more than 90 from the tower.

As a sport, diving appeared in the middle of the 19th century in Germany. For the first time, single jumps entered the program of the Olympic Games in 1904, synchronous in 2000. The most successful athletes in this sport were athletes from the United States, who by 2013 had won more than 130 Olympic medals (more than a third of which were gold). At the Olympic Games, 8 sets of medals are played: 4 sets are played for men and women in jumping from a 3-meter springboard (single and synchronous) and a 10-meter tower (single and synchronous). Diving is included in the program of the World and European Aquatics Championships.

figure swimming

Figure (artistic, synchronized) swimming is a combination of various movements, including elements of choreography, acrobatic and gymnastic combinations. It can be performed individually (solo), in pairs and in groups. Synchronized swimming is one of the most beautiful sports.

Synchronized swimming originated in Canada in the 1920s, when this type of swimming was called "water ballet". Synchronized swimming became an Olympic sport in 1984. Competitions consist of technical (mandatory) and long (free) programs. In the technical program, athletes must perform certain figures to the music. In the free program, there are no restrictions on musical or choreographic composition. A jury of 10 judges evaluates the technique and artistry of the performance on a 10-point scale. In terms of the total number of medals in the Olympic history of this sport, the Japanese are ahead (12 awards). At the Olympic Games in 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012. all gold medals were won by the Russian team - this is the largest number of gold medals in Olympic synchronized swimming.

Applied swimming

Applied swimming- the ability of a person to stay on the water (that is, to master the skill of swimming) and to perform vital actions and activities in the water.

Applied swimming is used when performing certain applied tasks, such as swimming across a water barrier, helping a drowning or tired swimmer, getting objects from the bottom, transporting objects through a water barrier, etc. The ability to swim is necessary for people of many professions, for example, fishermen, fleet workers, biologists, military personnel, geologists, rescuers.

Applied Swimming Includes:

swimming in sports, original and combined ways of swimming
diving and underwater movement
applied diving
rescuing the drowning and helping tired swimmers
swimming in extreme conditions
overcoming water barriers

To solve the problems of applied swimming, the technique of sports methods of swimming (front crawl, breaststroke on the chest, crawl on the back, dolphin), elements of sports methods of swimming (for example, swimming only with the help of crawl or breaststroke) and combinations of elements of sports methods (for example , crawl legs - breaststroke arms), purely applied swimming methods (swimming on the side, breaststroke on the back).

More often than others, breaststroke, breaststroke on the back, swimming on the side are used to transport drowning people; for a quick swim to the object - crawl on the chest (if the swimmer is not constrained by clothing); to overcome long distances - breaststroke, crawl on the chest without carrying out hands, for transporting goods - breaststroke on the back, breaststroke on the chest, swimming in the way on the side.

Diving and jumping into the water is of great practical importance. When diving, a slightly modified technique of sports swimming methods is used: breaststroke, crawl, or a combination of the techniques of these methods. Elements of sideways swimming and dolphin style can also be used. For a quick dive from a reference position (from the shore, boats), jumping into the water upside down and upside down is used. From a supportless position, it is also possible to dive upside down or upside down.

Saving the drowning and helping tired swimmers is also a section of applied swimming. The rescuer's actions can be divided into stages: entering the water, swimming to the victim, searching for the victim under water, freeing him from possible seizures, transporting him to the shore, and providing first aid on land. Each of these stages is very important, because the life of the rescued person (and sometimes the rescuer himself) depends on the qualifications of the rescuer.

Recreational swimming

Recreational swimming- the use of the features of swimming movements and the presence of the body in water for therapeutic, preventive, restorative, tonic, hygienic, tempering and other purposes. Swimming is one of the most effective means of recovery. Recreational swimming is used in the system of physical education of a person throughout his life, from infancy to old age. Swimming has a minimum of restrictions for people with various health problems compared to other types of physical exercise.

Regular swimming lessons beneficial effect on human health and performance, trains the maximum number of organs and systems of the body, while being one of the least traumatic types of physical activity. Swimming strengthens the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, develops and strengthens the musculoskeletal system, helps to form a beautiful silhouette, allows you to control weight, improves skin smoothness. Children who swim a lot and regularly grow faster. Swimming promotes the development of endurance and coordination of movements. Swimming allows you to maintain excellent flexibility of the spine and normal range of motion of the joints until old age, and prevents the development of osteochondrosis. Swimming also has a beneficial effect on the nervous system of those involved. Swimming improves sleep, reduces stress levels, relieves tension and increases efficiency. A person who regularly goes in for swimming is less prone to colds due to the improvement of the thermoregulation mechanism.

Swimming is recommended remedy for various curvatures of the spine, posture defects, degenerative joint diseases, diseases of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, obesity, neuroses, for recovery after operations and injuries.

Recreational swimming can use a wide variety of swimming methods (both sports and original), and special exercises in the water, elements of game swimming.

Diving

Diving- this is a person swimming under water with the help of various supporting means and devices. Scuba diving also exists as a type (more precisely, a group of types) of underwater sports. Underwater sport is a broad concept that includes a set of sports disciplines related to the athlete's stay partially or completely under the surface of the water. The International Federation of Underwater Sports is the World Confederation of Underwater Activities (CMAS), recognized by the International Olympic Committee. However, underwater sports are currently not included in the program of the Olympic Games.

Underwater sports (from left to right): underwater orienteering, fin swimming, underwater rugby, underwater shooting

The disciplines of underwater sports are:

Apnea (freediving)
A group of underwater sports disciplines that require the athlete to perform certain exercises or cover a distance while holding his breath. Competitions are held in the pool and in open water. The following areas of apnea can be distinguished:
- Dynamic apnea with and without fins (monofin). The goal is to overcome the maximum distance in length while holding the breath. Competitions are held in the pool.
- Static apnea. Purpose: to demonstrate the longest possible breath holding in a stationary state, lying on the surface of the water with the face immersed in water. Competitions are held in the pool.
- Diving with constant or variable weight. Purpose: to dive to the maximum depth while holding your breath and ascend. Depending on the variety, special equipment (drop weights, cart, fins) may or may not be used. Also, depending on the variety, descent / ascent along the cable with the help of hands is allowed or not. Competitions are held in open water.
- Apnea-square. Purpose: to overcome the maximum distance along the trajectory along the faces of a cube with a side of 15 meters. Competitions are held in open water.
sport diving
Sports diving competitions are held in the pool in the following disciplines:
- Combined swimming 300 meters. Goal: cover the distance in the shortest possible time. Part of the distance is required to go under water using a basic self-contained breathing apparatus, part - on the surface, using a breathing tube.
- Obstacle course 100 meters. Purpose: to overcome the distance in the shortest possible time, while performing certain exercises, which are a demonstration of the basic skills of a diver and overcoming special obstacles.
- Night diving. Purpose: to collect in the shortest possible time three loads, each weighing 1 kg, located at a given distance from the trigger end. A light-tight cover is put on the athlete's mask.
- Load lifting. Goal: in the shortest possible time to reach a 6-kilogram load located under water at a distance of 25 meters from the start line. Then carry out the lifting of the cargo by means of a standard buoy.
Scuba diving with fins
The goal of finswimming competitions is to overcome the distance on/under the surface of the water in the shortest time. Athlete's equipment: swimming suit, bi-fins or monofins, mask. In this group of disciplines, there are a very large number of competitive distances, some of which are covered using a snorkel and scuba gear.
underwater orientation
Underwater orienteering competitions are held in open water. Athlete's equipment: wetsuit, scuba gear, mask, fins, magnetic compass, log (distance counter) and depth gauge. The task of the athlete is to overcome a certain route with maximum accuracy in the minimum time. The competition program includes various individual ("zones", "landmarks", "star", "map", "parallels") and group exercises ("MONK", "team search"). The results are evaluated by the accuracy of orientation and by the time to overcome the distance.
Underwater tourism
Underwater tourism - participation in expeditions to study various reservoirs. The readiness of an underwater tourist is assessed by the number and degree of complexity of expeditions, the implementation of special control standards.
Underwater sports shooting
Underwater sports shooting is the defeat of stationary and moving targets from a certain distance from an underwater gun. Shooting is carried out without scuba gear while holding the breath. Competitions are held in the pool.
Spearfishing
Spearfishing is carried out in open water and involves the search for and defeat of a living target - fish for a certain time in a given area. Hunting is carried out by holding the breath. Equipment: mask, fins, spear gun or crossbow.
Aquathlon (underwater wrestling)
Aquathlon is a competition between two athletes who make short bouts in and under water while holding their breath, trying to take possession of the tape attached to the opponent's ankle. The fight takes place in the ring 5 * 5 meters, the depth of the pool is 2-6 meters. The competition consists of three 30 second rounds. Wrestlers equipment: swimming suit, fins, mask, 2 ankle cuffs, 2 fabric tapes attached to the cuffs.
Underwater hockey
The game involves 2 teams, each of which consists of 6 players equipped with fins, masks, snorkels, clubs. The object of the game is to drive the puck into the opponent's goal by pushing it along the bottom of the pool. The size of the hockey pool is 2581582 meters. The length of the gate is 3 meters. The game lasts 2 periods of 15 minutes each.
Underwater rugby
Competitions are held under water in a pool with a depth of 3.5-5 meters. On the playing field measuring 10-12 meters wide and 15-18 meters long there are 2 teams, 6 people each. Player equipment: fins, mask and snorkel. The object of the game is to drive a negatively buoyant ball into the opponent's basket at the bottom of the pool. The diameter of the basket is 40-45 cm, the diameter of the ball is 25 cm. The game lasts 2 periods of 15 minutes each.
underwater photography
Underwater photography is carried out in open water. The task of the athletes is to make the most successful photograph from an artistic point of view in a certain time and with a limited number of frames. Equipment: digital camera, basic set of diving equipment.

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Books

Theory and methodology of the chosen sport: water sports. Textbook for academic baccalaureate, Bulgakova N.Zh.. The proposed textbook reveals the features of the methodological organization of water sports. The history of development and the modern meaning of diving, water polo, synchronized ...
Theory and methodology of the chosen sport: water sports 2nd ed. Textbook for academic baccalaureate, Sergey Nikolaevich Morozov. The proposed textbook reveals the features of the methodological organization of water sports. The history of development and the modern meaning of diving, water polo, synchronized ...

Diving in Sharm El Sheikh (Egypt)

Water sports– water and poop related sports

Types and distinctive features

Classes and competitions in water sports are held both outdoors and indoors - in pools.

Water sports competitions are divided into team and individual.

For some types of water sports, local, regional, national, international and Olympic competitions are held. The 2015 World Aquatics Championship will be held in Russia, Tatarstan, Kazan.

A regatta is a major sailing or rowing competition that includes a series of boat races.

Olympic sports

Kayaking and canoeing is a rowing sport on boats such as kayaks and canoes.

Rowing slalom - rowing and canoeing, overcoming the distance marked by the gate at speed, for example, a section of a rapid river or an artificial track.

Rowing - athletes sit in boats with their backs forward and row with oars.

Sailing - Athletes use equipment, boats, boats or sleds propelled by the wind in sails.

Water skiing - movement on water on special skis.

Jumping into the water from a springboard or tower. Judges evaluate the performance of acrobatic elements in flight and the cleanliness of the entrance to the water.

Swimming - overcoming swimming at a speed of various distances.

Synchronized swimming - performing various figures in the water to the music.

Water polo is a team sport, a ball and goal game. Passes in the pool.

Triathlon is a sport consisting of three types of competitions swimming, cycling, running on the road.

Technical water sports

Powerboating is a technical sport that includes high-speed competitions on motorized boats on water.

Classes: Formula-1 - a class of racing vessels, as well as the name of the world championship in competition in water-motor vehicles in this class. Since last year, one of the Formula 1 stages has been held in Russia, Tatarstan, Kazan.

Aquabike is racing on jet skis, a kind of water-motor sport. World, European, Russian, regional and local championships are also held for various classes of classic sports courts.

Model ship sport is a technical sport on the water, including the design and construction of models of ships and vessels for sports competitions.

Stand competitions are distinguished - competitions of desktop and operating models - self-propelled models of surface vessels and ships, submarines; high-speed cord models of arbitrary design, racing models of sailing radio-controlled yachts.

Competitions of sailing radio-controlled yachts look indescribably beautiful.

Powerboating is already included in the Olympic family.

History

Diving. Men and women of Ancient Greece dived for a sponge, holding their breath. For a long time, a hollow reed was used for breathing. Now the popularity of diving is growing every year.

The history of surfing began in the Hawaiian Islands thousands of years ago.

Rowing. Even in ancient times, people used floating logs, helping themselves with branches.

The origin of amateur navigation and sailing in Russia is associated with Peter I. On June 21, 2012, the organizers of the Volga-Kama regatta, yachtsmen Andrey Bardin and Sergey Andreev, visited the Rotary Club of Kazan. It turns out that a significant contribution to the development of sailing in the Republic of Tatarstan was made by its first president of the republic, Mintemir Sharipovich Shaimiev.

Soviet water skiers competed at international competitions in 1967.

The first competitions in Russia in diving took place in Russia in 1913.

In the 15-16th century, sports swimming was born.

Synchronized swimming became an Olympic sport in 1984.

In Japan, there was a game - a distant relative of water polo. The participants sat astride straw barrels and drove an inflated skin, a prototype of a ball, with poles through the water.

At the end of the 19th century, self-propelled carriages were created. A motorboat appeared. In 1886, the German engineer G. Daimler built and tested the world's first boat Neckar.

In 1925, a water-motor section was created in Moscow, competitions were held.

From the 17th century on Earth, the creation of ship models was taken seriously, considering them works of art.

Links

Turkish diving, women's social network myJulia.ru

In winter, the next Olympic Games were held in South Korea, and it is time to think about a new summer Olympics. In the center of which will certainly be water disciplines. In addition, an Olympic Water Sports Center will soon appear in Russia, which will become one of the most modern in the world.

Why these competitions on the water are so attractive is unknown, perhaps because our whole life began with water. Scientific studies have shown that people who exercise on the water get much more satisfaction from training than people who prefer to sweat in the gym. Classes in the water prevent excessive overstrain and overwork of the body. This allows you to achieve greater efficiency and duration of training, and the satisfaction from such training is many times greater.

Definition

Water sports is a general definition for a complex of sports competitions that take place on the water. The first competitions on the water were recorded in the 15th century. Inventing special types of swimming began in ancient Egypt. This helped people in hunting, as well as military affairs. With the development of mankind, water disciplines are gaining more and more popularity.

What water sports are there?

There are a wide variety of water sports. Among them, it is customary to distinguish competitions:

individual,
command.

Competitions come in different sizes:

local importance,
national,
regional,
international.

They can take place both outdoors, in open-air ponds or pools, and under roofs. All water competitions are usually divided into technical (those that require additional equipment) and classical (included in the Olympic program). Classical Olympic water sports include several disciplines. In addition, there are active sports, such as water aerobics, and extreme sports (sports that are hazardous to health). The latter include activities such as surfing or diving.

Olympic disciplines

Competitions are regularly held in water disciplines. Especially for the Universiade in 2013, the Aquatics Palace was built in Kazan, where Russian and foreign athletes continue to train, as well as host international competitions.

Swimming

Swimming was included in the program of the first Olympic Games of the modern stage, held in Athens in 1896.

Swimming is a sport discipline that involves the swimmer overcoming the distance in the shortest possible period of time. Compliance is overseen by the International Swimming Association (FINA). It also sets the rules for athletes and judges. The first World Swimming Championships were held in 1973.

Swimming is divided into types depending on the style of swimming:

breaststroke,
freestyle,
crawl,
owar-arm,
trend,
fables,
butterfly.

Water polo

Water polo is a water sport, which is a team game with a ball. The main task is to throw the ball into the opponent's goal as many times as possible. American football (rugby) is considered to be the ancestor of water polo. The team consists of six players and one goalkeeper. The game is divided into four periods of eight minutes. This sport is practiced both indoors and outdoors.

Synchronized swimming

Synchronized swimming is the performance by swimmers in a pool to the music of the figures. This sport is characterized by grace and sophistication. No wonder synchronized swimming was previously called water ballet. Synchronized swimming was included in the program of the Olympic Games in 1984. Only women's teams consisting of two or more people take part in the competition.

The program is performed to a musical composition selected in advance. The performance itself is called the program.

triathlon

Triathlon is difficult to fully call a water sport. The competition program includes swimming, running and cycling.

The following distances are considered the standard for Olympic distances in triathlon:

running - 10 kilometers,
cycling - 40 kilometers,
swimming - 1,500 meters.

The change of distances takes place in a strict order: swimming, cycling, running. The judges monitor the change of equipment and distances by the athlete.

Diving

For this sport, equipment such as a tower or springboard is used. The Olympic program uses towers of five to ten meters, as well as springboards from one to three meters long. The performance of the jumps, their cleanliness and the correct execution of the elements are monitored by the judges. In addition to individual jumps, there are also paired (synchronous) jumps into the water.

water skiing

The essence of this sport is sliding at high speed on skis of an athlete. When moving, the athlete holds a cable that is tightly fastened to a watercraft, for example, a boat. Skis are divided into monomodels and pairs. It is easy to guess that the inventor of water skiing was inspired by alpine skiing, which he later decided to try out on the water.

Canoeing and kayaking, rowing slalom

It is a rowing sport, which involves overcoming the distance in the shortest time on kayaks or canoes. Rowing is practiced by both women and men. Rowing slalom differs in distance. As a rule, an artificial distance is used, marked with gates, it is possible to pass a course with obstacles, such as water rapids.

One of the best water sports schools in rowing slalom is located in the Novgorod region, and the water rapids where athletes train are considered unique in the world.

rowing

Watercraft are also used in this sport. It differs from canoeing and slalom in that athletes swim the distance sitting with their backs, without overcoming artificial obstacles. The main task is to overcome the distance in the shortest time, ahead of rivals.

Sailing

It is one of the most spectacular competitions of the Summer Olympic Games. Refers to technical sports. Usually, athletes use yachts to move around the water. Therefore, sailing is often called yachting. It originated presumably in the Netherlands, the first mentions date back to the 16th century. The main goal is to get ahead of the opposing team. This is a pursuit. The distance consists of small segments marked with buoys. The yacht must round the buoys in a certain sequence.

You can often hear the phrase "chess on the water." This is due to the fact that yachting requires not only physical effort from athletes, but also significant mental ones. It is important to be able to predict the moves of the opponent in advance, to make a decision in the face of changing wind and currents.

Surfing

Not so long ago it became known that this water sport will be included in the program of the Olympic Games in Tokyo, which will be held in 2020. This is due, firstly, to the high level of popularity of sports in Japan, and secondly, to the availability of suitable conditions for holding competitions.

Surfer competitions will be included in the program as an experiment, and their further fate is still unknown. There is a high probability that after 2020 they will disappear from the official program. This is due to the fact that not all countries have the opportunity to hold these competitions. In addition, skeptics expect that the competition will not be as spectacular due to changing weather and waves that may be too small, which will not allow athletes to fully demonstrate their skills.

Surfing refers to extreme sports and is sliding on the board on the surface of the waves. Surfing is usually divided into several types. The most popular: surfing, windsurfing (distinguished by the use of sails for movement).

World Championship

In addition to competitions in certain types of disciplines, there is also a championship in water sports. FINA was the inspirer and creator of the games in 1973. Not all Olympic disciplines are included in the championship program. The championship includes synchronized swimming, diving, high diving, water polo and swimming.

Water sports are sports that involve water.

Types and features of water sports

Diving - water sport

Classes and competitions in water sports are held both outdoors and indoors - in pools.

Water sports competitions are divided into team and individual.

For some types of water sports, local, regional, national, international and Olympic competitions are held. The 2015 World Aquatics Championship will be held in Russia, Tatarstan, Kazan.

Diving. Diving is swimming under water with devices that provide an autonomous supply of air. People who are professionally engaged in diving are called divers or, using the term borrowed from the English language, divers.

Riding a wave on special light boards is surfing. Sailing on a board is windsurfing, skiing without a board is bodysurfing.

A regatta is a major sailing or rowing competition that includes a series of boat races.

Olympic water sports

Water sport - surfing

Kayaking and canoeing is a rowing sport on boats such as kayaks and canoes.

Rowing slalom - rowing and canoeing, overcoming the distance marked by the gate at speed, for example, a section of a rapid river or an artificial track.

Rowing - athletes sit in boats with their backs forward and row with oars.

Sailing - Athletes use equipment, boats, boats or sleds propelled by the wind in sails.

Water skiing - movement on water on special skis.

Jumping into the water from a springboard or tower. Judges evaluate the performance of acrobatic elements in flight and the cleanliness of the entrance to the water.

Swimming - overcoming swimming at a speed of various distances.

Synchronized swimming - performing various figures in the water to the music.

Water polo is a team sport, a ball and goal game. Passes in the pool.

Triathlon is a sport consisting of three types of competitions swimming, cycling, running on the road.

Technical water sports

Sailing

Powerboating is a technical sport that includes high-speed competitions on motorized boats on water.

Aquabike is racing on jet skis, a kind of water-motor sport. World, European, Russian, regional and local championships are also held for various classes of classic sports courts.

Model ship sport is a technical sport on the water, including the design and construction of models of ships and vessels for sports competitions.

Competitions of sailing radio-controlled yachts look indescribably beautiful.

Powerboating is already included in the Olympic family.

History of water sports

Water polo

Diving. Men and women of Ancient Greece dived for a sponge, holding their breath. For a long time, a hollow reed was used for breathing. Now the popularity of diving is growing every year.

The history of surfing began in the Hawaiian Islands thousands of years ago.

Rowing. Even in ancient times, people used floating logs, helping themselves with branches.

Soviet water skiers competed at international competitions in 1967.

The first competitions in Russia in diving took place in Russia in 1913.

In the 15-16th century, sports swimming was born.

Synchronized swimming became an Olympic sport in 1984.

In Japan, there was a game - a distant relative of water polo. The participants sat astride straw barrels and drove an inflated skin, a prototype of a ball, with poles through the water.

At the end of the 19th century, self-propelled carriages were created. A motorboat appeared. In 1886, the German engineer G. Daimler built and tested the world's first Neckar boat.

In 1925, a water-motor section was created in Moscow, competitions were held.

From the 17th century on Earth, the creation of ship models was taken seriously, considering them works of art.

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List of water sports - Wiki Yours

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All about water sports
Underwater sports

All about water sports

Water sports

Swimming (including pool and open water)
Ski jumping or platform jumping
Modern pentathlon includes the following disciplines: fencing, swimming, show jumping, running and shooting
Rescue swimming is swimming with the aim of saving those who are drowning and helping tired swimmers.
Scuba diving is the practice of swimming on the surface (usually the sea), with special equipment: a mask, fins and a short snorkel.
Synchronized diving
Synchronized swimming is a mixture of swimming, gymnastics and ballet
Triathlon is a sport that is a multi-sport race, consisting of a continuous successive passage by its participants of three stages: swimming, cycling and running
Waboba - ball game waboba (waboba) on beaches or in pools
Water aerobics is aerobics in water
Water polo is a team game played in the water.
Aquajogging (water-aerobics)

"Bare skis" are water skis without skis.
Boating - use of boats
Boat racing - the use of motorboats to race
Bodyboarding is similar to surfing, but the board is smaller and the person (usually) lies on the board
Cable skiing is similar to wakeboarding, but with artificial maneuvering cables.
Rowing
Canupolo
Dragon boat racing, teams of 20 rowers
Fishing is a recreation and sport of catching fish
Flyboard
flowrider
Water bike
Kayaking
kiteboating
Kitesurfing on flat water using a kite (kite) for propulsion
Kneeboarding
Paddleboarding is a sport where a person moves on a surfboard using a long paddle
Parasailing, where a person is towed behind a vehicle (usually a boat) while attached to a parachute
Pikigin - kicking around a small ball in shallow water
Rafting
Rowing
Sail using the wind to propel
Sitting on a hydrophile, they ride on the water with the help of a hydrofoil attached to a ski track.
Skimboarding is a board that is used to ride the oncoming wave.
Scarfing - where the accomplices hid behind a boat on a surfboard
Standing on a surfboard with a paddle - used in calm or waves
Surfing downhill on ocean waves or artificial waves in a wave pool
Wakeboarding is similar to water skiing, but with only one board attached to your feet.
Wakesurfing - similar to wakeboarding, but the board is not attached to the legs
Wakesurf is a mix between wakeboarding and surfing.
Water skis - used to glide across the water when pulled by a boat or other device
Rafting
Windsurfing on the water surface using the wind for propulsion in combination with sails
Sailing - sailing on yachts, regular, cruise or yacht racing

There are many sports that involve water. Below is a list of water sports divided by category. These categories are based on the relationship of sport to water. Some of the sports include only one part related to swimming, such as triathlon.

Underwater sports

Recreational diving

cave diving
Deep dive
free dive
Ice diving
Spearfishing
Underwater archeology, in particular activities related to underwater diving
Underwater photography, including underwater videography, is photography taken underwater. Numerous competitions are held every year around the world. Digital cameras have revolutionized by increasing the number of participants.
Underwater video

Sports under water

Aquathlon (wrestling in water)
Speed diving
free dive
Sport diving (sport)
Spearfishing
Underwater football
Underwater hockey is an underwater game that bears some resemblance to hockey. Two teams of players use short wooden curved sticks to move a heavy puck across the bottom of the pool towards the opponent's goal.
Underwater ice hockey
Underwater orienteering
Underwater photography (sports)
Underwater rugby is an underwater game that bears some resemblance to rugby football. Two teams try to score goals by sending a slightly negatively buoyant ball into the opponent's goal located at the bottom of the pool.
Underwater target shooting

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Water sports

Water provides various opportunities for entertainment and sports. Water sports are practiced in the swimming pool, on rivers, lakes and even in the sea. To be safe in water sports, you need to learn how to swim well. But even excellent swimmers should wear a life jacket when playing sports on fast rivers and at sea. British sailors saw Hawaiians surfing in the Pacific over two hundred years ago. The coasts of Australia and California are very favorable for surfing. Windsurfing originated in the United States in the 1960s. It became so popular that it was included in the Olympic program in 1984. Whitbread - a round-the-world race for large ocean-going sailboats - is held every four years. Regatta participants always start and finish in the UK, but the route varies from race to race. The total distance traveled by sailboats is 60 thousand km.

In swimming and rowing, the only source of energy that provides movement is human muscle strength. In sailing and surfing, the driving forces are wind and waves.

Water sports in the pool:

Swimming became an Olympic sport in 1896, when the first Olympic Games of our time took place. And to this day it occupies one of the prominent places in the competition program. Sports swimming requires intense training, so professional swimmers spend many hours a day in the pool. Swims are held in four styles: freestyle (crawl), backstroke, breaststroke and butterfly. In most championships, freestyle swims take place at distances from 50 to 1500 m. In the remaining styles, two swims are held - 100 and 200 m. In addition, there are relay races and integrated swimming, in which swimmers use all four styles - one for each from the stages of the swim.

The pool also competes in diving, which has become an independent Olympic sport. Jumping from a springboard is diving into the water from a throwable board, from three meters above the water level, and jumping from a tower is diving from a stable platform, from a height of 10 meters. In the sports qualification program, there are more than 80 varieties of diving. Judges give scores in points, evaluating the accuracy of all elements of the jump.

Water sports in the pool also include synchronized swimming, when women simultaneously move and rebuild in the water to the music, creating various figures, and water polo, in which two teams of 7 players try to throw as many balls into the opponent's goal.

Surfing and windsurfing:

Surfing is a movement on a special board made of light, hard plastic coated with resin and fiberglass. Professional surfers travel the world, participating in various competitions with prize funds. The basic position in surfing is to have one foot in the middle of the board and the other to press on the edge. By changing the position of the legs and body, the surfer changes the speed and direction of movement. The goal in surfing is to catch a wave and roll down the ridge. The most complex and exciting type of wave is when it twists, as if forming a pipe. At the same time, the surfer tries to have time to slip through the pipe.

In windsurfing, to control the board, you must have the skills of both surfing and sailing. A board with a sail, moving through the water at high speed, is controlled without a rudder, with the help of a spar of the tail truss. In addition to racing, there are also freestyle competitions where athletes demonstrate various tricks on the water.

Canoeing and kayaking:

Rowing, an Olympic sport, includes canoeing, kayaking and rowing. In a canoe, the athlete stands on one knee and rows with a single-bladed oar from one of the sides of his choice. In canoeing (in kayaks), a kayaker uses a two-bladed oar, holding it with both hands and rowing from both sides alternately. At the Olympics, races are held on the rowing canal, at distances of 500 and 1000 m. Only men compete in canoes. In kayaking, women and men compete separately in singles, up to 9 boats take part, and in each competition there are qualifying heats (elimination) for reaching the final.

Boat races sometimes take place on difficult rocky tracks. There are two main types of such races. In rowing slalom (an Olympic competition), athletes start at intervals and must swim along a route marked by gates (multi-colored poles) hanging over the water. Part of the distance they swim downstream but the other part up (that is, against the current). In racing along a mountain river with a strong current, rowers compete from a common start, overcoming rocks, rapids and other obstacles at a distance of about 3 km from start to finish, in the shortest possible time.

Rowing:

Rowing is a men's and women's sport, it is a speed competition. Rowers sit one after another in light multi-seater streamlined boats with oarlocks (a structure on the boat hull for attaching an oar). In an academic swing boat, each rower works with one oar, in an academic steam room - with two smaller oars. Rowing teams consist of one, two, four or eight people. Eights always have a helmsman who steers the boat; twos and fours can compete with or without a coxswain. Swims are made on lakes, rivers or natural rowing channels. For competitions such as the Olympic Games and World Championships, special artificial rowing channels are equipped.

Sailing:

The first yacht racing took place in England in the 17th century. for the amusement of kings. The sport of sailing now competes on simple single and double yachts, as well as cruising yachts and large sailboats with crews of 20 or more, which cost millions of dollars to design and build. Races take place both on the high seas and not far from the coast. In sailing competitions such as the Olympic Games and major regattas, races are held in different classes (depending on the type of yacht) along a predetermined triangle-shaped route marked by floating buoys.

Water sports:

In most water sports, the energy source for propulsion is human muscle strength or wind and waves. However, some types use a motor. There are different motor boats, ranging from single boats to huge boats weighing several tons. The most powerful ships reach speeds of 240 km/h. Competitions on motor boats are held according to different programs, depending on the class to which they belong. About a hundred races and regattas are held annually.

Motor boats are also used in water skiing to tow a skier. The skier jumps on a rope attached to the side of the boat. Water skiing competitions are held in several disciplines, in particular in slalom. In this type of program, skiers glide through the water, making turns at the points indicated by the floating buoys. Athletes also compete in long jumps from the springboard, unhooking from the ladder, and in the figure skating program (while in tow, they perform various tricks on the water).

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Water sports

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Swimming in the pool - indications and contraindications

From early childhood, parents teach their children to swim. Training takes place in open water. What to do if there is no river or lake near the house? In this case, the pool helps. Today, in every city there are swimming pools that allow not only teaching children to swim, but also adults taking care of their health. Swimming in the pool is the prevention and treatment of various diseases. For the rules of visiting the pool, see the article at the link.

Swimming in the pool is a sport that makes it possible to improve health, correct posture, improve the functioning of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as relieve nervous tension and excess weight.

Swimming - benefits

Regular visits to the pool allows you to solve many health issues, and for those who can not swim - to learn.

Muscle strengthening. Swimming has a positive effect on the human body and is a good substitute for any kind of sport. If a certain group of muscles is trained during sports, then all muscles are involved during swimming. At the same time, there is no strong load on the muscles; during movements, one muscle group tenses, and the other relaxes, and so on alternately.

In water, a person actively uses his legs, which has a positive effect on reducing the volume of the hips, and also strengthens the muscles of the legs.

When swimming, the biceps, triceps, deltoid muscles of the shoulder, finger flexors, neck muscles, pectoral, serratus anterior, latissimus and so on work, that is, the whole body is involved in the work.

However, the load on different muscle groups is different, it all depends on what swimming style you use. For example, with the breaststroke, the main load falls on the large round muscles of the back. Butterfly develops the muscles of the legs, namely: the muscles of the pelvic girdle, the muscles of the thigh, the muscles of the lower leg and the muscles of the foot, as well as the arms.

During swimming, an invisible corset is created, which fixes the spine in a straight position, which makes it possible to form a beautiful posture. Due to the fact that the water flows smoothly around the body, a slender figure with tightened muscles is created.

During swimming, there is no high load on the joints, so exercising in the pool allows you to improve the functioning of the musculoskeletal system and quickly recover from serious injuries.

The cardiovascular system also finds itself in a positive environment for its work. The horizontal position in which a person is in the pool allows the heart to pass blood through the arterial system to the periphery horizontally. This makes her work easier than when a person is in an upright position. Swimming in the pool improves blood circulation, optimizes heart rate and normalizes blood pressure. People who often go in for swimming do not complain about the work of the cardiovascular system and are less prone to developing a heart attack and other diseases of the heart and blood vessels.

The respiratory system also lends itself to the positive effects of exercising in the pool. During classes, a person takes a full breath due to the pressure of water and exhale. As a result, such breathing exercises help to strengthen the lungs, train the bronchi and alveoli, increase the elasticity of the lungs, increase the size of the chest and the vital capacity of the lungs. People who often exercise in the pool do not have shortness of breath when walking and climbing stairs.

Regular swimming in the pool strengthens the immune system. This means that the body will easily endure changes in the external environment and be less susceptible to viral infections in the winter.

Swimming develops endurance, both in a child and in an adult. In the first lessons, the distance is not large and is overcome in a long period of time. Each time the distance increases, and the time to overcome it decreases. Thus, endurance is developed and a person is not afraid to climb mountains, go jogging or overcome long routes on foot.

For those who want to lose weight, you should know that exercising in the pool is equivalent to running or aerobics. For two hours of swimming in the pool, you can burn up to 2 kg of fat. Today you can meet a set of groups for water aerobics. Trainings are held together with a trainer and classes give tangible results.

For information on how to swim properly to lose weight, see the video below.

In order for swimming to be beneficial, you need to swim correctly. On the features of swimming in diseases in the back, see the video below.

It is also worth remembering that water calms a person. This means that swimming in the pool has a positive effect on the nervous system, brings it back to normal and allows you to relieve irritability and fatigue.

Swimming in the pool disciplines, develops perseverance, endurance, determination, helps to endure stressful situations and tempers a person.

That is why it is worth going to the pool and swimming, both for adults and children. If you come with the whole family, then the time will pass not only with benefit, but also fun.

Watch a video about the benefits of swimming.

Indications for swimming lessons

Now many people are ill with various diseases and each of them will find a disease due to which he cannot go to the pool. To be honest, this is a simple reluctance of a person to take care of his health. In fact, there are diseases that prevent a person from visiting the pool (about them a little later), but there are not so many of them. In all other cases, swimming has a beneficial effect on the body.

Firstly, swimming in the pool is recommended for people with spinal problems. In order for the spine to feel good, there must be a strong corset of muscles around it. When the muscles relax, the spine begins to bend and pain appears. Swimming in the pool strengthens the corset of muscles for the spine. Swimming in the pool has a positive effect on the vertebrae, which helps prevent the appearance of an intervertebral hernia.

A hernia of the spine can be cured without surgery - only by swimming.

Secondly, for people with a disease of the cardiovascular system, swimming in the pool can improve blood circulation and lower blood pressure. Systematic exercise in the pool reduces the level of cholesterol in the blood.

Thirdly, people with various joint diseases are allowed to swim in the pool. In the pool during classes, a higher amplitude is created than on land. As a result, it improves joint mobility.

Fourthly, swimming is useful for people with varicose veins or a predisposition to it. Water relieves fatigue from the legs, and blood circulation in the veins improves. Therefore, the most effective treatment for the disease is swimming in the pool.

Fifth, problems with the respiratory system can also be solved by exercising in the pool.

Sixth, people with increased nervous excitability are also recommended to visit the pool.

Water is the best medicine to solve all the above diseases. It acts as an analgesic and sedative medicine.

Do not forget that there are still diseases with which it is strictly forbidden to swim in the pool or you must have a doctor's permission and conduct classes only under his supervision.

Contraindications for swimming

Now let's dwell on the dangers of swimming and tell you who is forbidden to swim in the pool.

It is forbidden to visit the pool for people with:

heart, kidney and liver failure;
tuberculosis or syphilis;
pneumonia, flu, tonsillitis and other viral infections;
intestinal disorders or infections;
allergies or epilepsy;
bleeding in the abdominal cavity;
after a brain injury;
fever.

In the pool, water is disinfected with chlorine, which is not safe for humans. Chlorine dries out the skin and causes allergic reactions, and its fumes adversely affect the respiratory system. Therefore, people who have serious problems with the lungs, bronchi, etc., need to be careful about visiting the pool.

Constant classes in the pool in the same direction can affect the female figure. Remember female swimmers - they all have formed a fairly masculine figure, when the upper body is larger than the lower.

Before going to the pool, you need to consult a doctor so as not to worsen your health or work with a trainer who will correctly distribute the load on the body.

Types of swimming lessons

All types of swimming can be divided into training and amateur. The training types include sports, applied, game and figure.

Under the sport type of swimming is understood the overcoming of a distance for a certain period of time. Basically, a person manages to overcome 15 meters by swimming to the side, push off and swim back. This type of swimming is often referred to as an underwater sport.
The applied type of swimming is taught to people whose profession is related to work on the water, for example, lifeguards. These people need to know what measures to take to save a person on the water.
The game type of swimming is associated with various water games, such as water polo, which is now included in the list of the Olympic Games.
The figured type of swimming allows you to create beautiful dances on the water. This type is also called artistic or synchronous.
Amateur types include recreational and therapeutic swimming.
The health-improving type of swimming is a simple swimming on the water, which is practiced by all people in order to improve their well-being.

The therapeutic type of swimming is carried out in order to restore a person after severe herbs, but they do this in specialized institutions and under the supervision of doctors, for example, in sanatoriums or hospitals.

At what age should you start swimming

You can swim in the pool at any age! You can visit the pool at any age. It is useful for the newborn and for the elderly. The difference lies only in the temperature regime of the water, the time and method of training.

In the first weeks of life with a baby, you can practice in the pool, which often replaces the bath. At first, it is worth doing this with a specialist who will tell you how to properly hold the baby. The water temperature is +35 - + 36 degrees. At the same time, by the first year of life, it should already be +28 degrees. Classes last no more than 15 minutes. Water for babies is their familiar habitat. Therefore, they will feel good in it. Water activities help the child to better adapt to the environment, reduce the risk of diseases, calm the nervous system and even reduce pain.

Classes in the pool for schoolchildren can be not just health-improving procedures, but also become for them the choice of their future profession. Training should be carried out 1-2 times a week at a water temperature of +28 degrees. Classes have a healing effect on the body of the student.

For an adult, swimming in the pool allows you to keep fit. It is best to do them 2-3 times a week for 60-90 minutes.

Do not forget about swimming for the elderly. Going to the pool once or twice a week for 30-60 minutes will allow you to forget about many diseases. It is very important to always monitor the pulse and blood pressure.

Classes in the pool are best done in the middle of the day, when the body is in a cheerful state.

It is very important to eat 3 hours before class, and if it doesn’t work out, then eat something light before class, such as an apple or yogurt.

What to bring to the pool

To practice in the pool, you need to take the following things: a one-piece swimsuit for women and swimming trunks for men, a swimming cap that will protect your hair from bleach, swimming goggles to protect your eyes from the same bleach, slippers, soap, washcloth and towel.

Swimming in the pool is a physical therapy. Regular classes in the pool allow you to forget about many diseases and feel young.

Prepared by "Person Sport.ru"

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what certificates do adults need for a pool

The rules of conduct in the pool are regulated by a special document. When visiting the pool, you must adhere to them so that swimming becomes pleasant and relaxed, comfortable and safe, and does not add anxiety to other visitors and staff.

What to bring

You should know what you need to take with you to the pool, because to visit it it is not enough just to buy an entrance ticket or a subscription. It is necessary to take some things with you, without which they simply will not be allowed to swim, or staying in a swimming facility will become uncomfortable. Among them:

A medical certificate from a doctor allowing access to the pool. Such a certificate is usually requested to be presented in all public swimming establishments. After receiving it, you can swim freely for six months, after which the certificate will have to be obtained again. You can take it in a regular clinic or in a medical center. Also, almost every major fitness club with a swimming pool has its own medical office with a doctor, where you can get an examination and get a swimming permit, but, as a rule, such a permit applies only to this sports center, and if you want to go to another one you will have to make a new reference.
Hygiene products for washing (shower gel, shampoo, soap) and a washcloth.
Towel. In some establishments they are issued, so before visiting it is better to check with the administrator whether it is worth taking a towel with you, or it will be given out on the spot.
Swimwear (swimsuits for women and swimming trunks for men).
Caps for swimming. Many pools without them are simply not allowed. But even if putting them on is not regulated by the rules, it is still better to buy a cap for visiting the pool - this will allow you not to wet your hair, and also prevent falling hair from getting into the water.
Indoor shoes. Rubber slates are best suited. They not only do not get wet, but also do not slip, which will avoid falls and injuries on a slippery wet floor.
Goggles. They are optional. But if a person likes to dive, then they will be simply necessary to see underwater and not irritate the mucous membrane of the eyes with chlorinated water.
Fen. This item is a must for women who want to tidy up their hair after swimming. It can also be issued in some institutions, which must be consulted in advance so as not to carry extra weight with you.
A small amount of food for a snack. During swimming, a large amount of energy is expended, and many people experience hunger after water procedures, which simply needs to be satisfied in order not to feel discomfort.
Moisturizing body lotion. In all pools, the water is heavily chlorinated to disinfect and prevent the growth of microbes. After bathing in such water, the skin dries out a lot. Therefore, moisturizing products are simply necessary after visiting swimming establishments.

Good manners in the pool

Any visitor needs to know how to properly visit the pool, because here, as in any other place, it is necessary to behave culturally so as not to overshadow other visitors' recreation on the water.

The rules for visiting the pool are strictly prohibited:

Jump into the water from the sides. As a rule, in all pools there are prohibition signs. Do not neglect them, it is better to use a special ladder designed for this to descend into the water.
Drink alcohol before entering the pool. This is dangerous for the most drunk swimmer and will cause negative emotions in others, since the smell after drinking alcohol is unpleasant.
Use a lot of perfume. In water, odors become stronger, and not all people may like the aroma, and for some it may cause an allergic reaction.
Swim with wounds and deep cuts. Firstly, this is not a very pleasant sight for others, and secondly, a wound in chlorinated water can begin to bleed, and blood will get into the water.
Run on the floor near the pool. This can be dangerous because the floor is wet and slippery.
Sit or hang on dividers.
During the rest, do not stand in those places where the clock hangs.
Interfering with swimming and relaxing other visitors to the pool.

It must be remembered that all people came to the pool in order to relax, play sports and have a good time. Therefore, it is necessary to behave in such a way that everyone feels comfortable and gets only pleasant emotions from swimming.

Proper swimming behavior

In addition to the rules of behavior in the pool, there are rules of good manners when swimming. Following them will allow you to have a good time and exercise with health benefits. These include:

Assessment of the situation on each of the swimming lanes of the pool. Before you go down into the water, you should choose a path according to your abilities. You should not climb where a large number of people already swim, or where training is held.
Correct track selection. Do not climb into the middle of the pool for poorly swimming people or those who come with children. For this category, the most suitable are the paths located along the edges of the pool. In the center of the pool there are tracks for professionals.
Select a track if possible. Before going down into the water, it is worth determining which of the lanes people are swimming at the same pace. Inexperienced swimmers should not seek to swim with professionals, this will only cause discomfort and irritation for water racing specialists. In addition, you should pay attention to the signs on each of the tracks (for water aerobics, for individual training, for sports swimming, for amateurs, etc.).
Adhere to the rules for using the pool and movement on the water. Inside each lane, traffic is right-handed (counter-clockwise), so you should not swim in the middle or on the left side.
Correctly overtake other swimmers. If the swimmer in front swims more slowly, then you need to overtake him on the left, and then stand in front of him. When turning around, it is worth letting the stronger and faster swimmer go forward so as not to create an obstacle for him, observing the safety rules during classes.
Focus on markings when swimming.
Correct respite. During the rest, it is necessary to position yourself so as not to interfere with other visitors to the pool. If a short rest is expected, then it is necessary to stop in the right corner near the side. For longer breaks, it is better to get out of the pool and sit on benches specially designed for this purpose, located near the pool.
Neat cross crossing of the pool. Before performing such a maneuver, it is worth looking around and correctly calculating the time required for crossing so as not to collide with other participants in water traffic. It is impossible to climb over the dividing strips from above, it is necessary to swim under them. It is necessary to observe safety precautions in the pool.
Assessment of the situation on the track before starting from the bollard. Before making a jump from the bedside table, you should definitely make sure that there are no other swimmers within a radius of several meters. This will help avoid injury and collisions.
Avoid provocation. You should not intentionally try to overtake another swimmer, bully him and interfere with calm training. If there is a desire to compete with someone in speed, then it is necessary to agree “on the shore”, and not arrange demonstration swims.

In any place, good manners must be maintained. The rules of conduct in the pool must be strictly followed. Only in this case, you can enjoy a pleasant water holiday and recharge with positive emotions.

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Beach sports

The beach is not the most boring place, as many people think. Here you can also spend time in active movement. For example, to participate in games belonging to the category "beach". That is, take a break.

beach soccer

It is believed that beach soccer, aka beach soccer, was invented by the Brazilians. And who else could invent it, if not them? After all, the Brazilians are simply “saturated” with football, they worship this game like some kind of deity. And where can barefoot, tanned boys and girls kick a ball without breaking windows or overturning trash cans? Of course, on the beach. From Brazilian beaches, beach soccer quickly spread to all continents and gathered a lot of followers. Today, many countries hold beach soccer championships.

Beach soccer can be called a democratic sport because it does not involve any special costs. It is enough just to fence the site, put up a couple of goals, find the ball and collect twelve people. That's how many are involved in the game - six in each team. The only condition for the players is the absence of any footwear. By the way, special balls are produced for beach soccer, which are lighter than regular soccer balls.

Beach will

This "sand" alternative to regular volleyball is as popular as beach soccer. Not only men, but also women willingly take part in whip-will tournaments. For this game, you need to choose a flat sandy area and stretch a net over it. The number of players may be different, but only in the case of the game "for yourself". In tournaments, as a rule, the 2x2 option is used.

Beach volleyball court

Beach Volley is so popular that they manage to play it even in cases where a suitable place for the site cannot be found. For example, due to the high density of tourists. Fans of this fun occupy the minimum free space, stand in a circle and still enjoy it.

Rugbyball

This is a relatively new type of beach sport, yet little known in our country. It is an original mix of rugby, basketball and… wrestling. It's not a typo, it's a fight. Indeed, in this form, wrestling techniques are not only not prohibited, but rather welcomed.

In the game, you need to hit the ring of the opposing team with a basketball. It would seem, what could be easier? But it was not there. The player who has the ball is instantly attacked by the opponents. And they attack according to all the rules of rugby. As already mentioned, you can use wrestling techniques, knock down, "conclude" in friendly hugs, and so on. To make an attempt to shoot the ball, you need to at least break out of this brawl.

Rugbyball is played on sandy or soft clay courts. But this does not save the participants from constant abrasions, bruises and more serious injuries. Truly fun only for real men.

This beach game is the most unusual of all the varieties of football. Probably, many have seen bizarre pools on the beaches with ankle-deep water levels. So, this is the playground for aquaball. What is happening on it will attract the attention of even the laziest vacationer.

Aquaball game

The special coating in the pool can only be compared with ice. It is so slippery that in most cases, after a strike, the puncher meets with his back. Throughout the match, the players are desperately balancing, trying their best to stay on their feet. Most likely, due to such difficult conditions, in order to minimize injuries, this type of beach sport uses exclusively inflatable goals. By the way, the sides in the pool are also inflatable.

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