The image of the author in the poem dead souls briefly. Why is this work a poem

The poem "Dead Souls" is the central work of N.V. Gogol. The image of the author plays a special role in it. This is not a passive narrator, but a wise interlocutor who simply needs to have a leisurely conversation with the reader. In the preface to the second edition of Dead Souls, the author asks the reader to help him. He wrote: “In this book, much is described incorrectly, not as it is, and as it really happens in the Russian land, because I could not find out everything ... Moreover, from my own oversight, immaturity and haste, a lot of all sorts of mistakes and blunders occurred, so that on every page there is something to correct: I ask you, reader, to correct me. Further, the author gave specific recommendations on how to properly help him: after reading several pages of the work, you should remember and write down your life memories, and as soon as the sheet of paper is filled with notes, send it to the author. This preface testified to how important it was for the author to know about the reader's perception of the poem.

The genre definition “poem”, invented by N.V. Gogol for his work. The poem, as you know, is a lyrical genre. And for this kind of literature, it is not so much the plot itself that is important, but the author's feelings, moods. As the main storyline there are numerous lyrical digressions in the work, in which the author communicates directly with the reader, telling him about what excites and worries him at the moment. Thus, the reader was connected to the creative process itself, turned simultaneously into a critic of the work, and the fact of the appearance of the poem from a purely literary phenomenon becomes a social phenomenon.

Gogol's worldview was closely connected with the views of the Enlightenment philosophers, whose main idea was that man by nature is a harmonious being. Unjust social laws are to blame for its vices, forcing a person to adapt to life and consciously violate the norms of morality inherent in it.

The author's lyrical digressions are filled with patriotic pathos. Depicting vicious, degraded people, Gogol at the same time cherishes the dream of a wonderful person. Seeing the devastation and disorder in his native land, the writer continues to believe in her bright future: “Rus! Russia!.. Is it not here, is it not in you that an infinite thought is born, when you yourself are without end? Is there not to be a hero here? .. ".

It was important for the author to embody memories of his life in the poem. So, for example, in the sixth chapter, he includes thoughts about his youth, about how fun it was for him to drive up to an unfamiliar place, how much curiosity a child's inquisitive gaze revealed to himself. Over the years, this look has become chilled, and the freshness of perception of life has been lost.

In the eleventh chapter, the author argues with those who do not want to talk about poverty and devastation, about the despicable and stupid in life. Gogol believes that the refusal to hear the bitter truth about his native country gives rise to false patriotism, because silence on the problem will never lead to its resolution.

The author of the poem "Dead Souls" is a creator chosen to think about the most essential thing in life - about the future fate of Russia. Gogol felt that only he could carry out this grandiose mission, and he made every effort to bring his plans to life.

V.G. Belinsky wrote in the article “On the Russian story and the stories of Mr. Gogol”: “What is almost each of his stories? A funny comedy that starts with stupidity, continues with stupidity and ends in tears, and which, finally, is called life. And such are all his stories: at first funny, then sad! And such is our life ... How much poetry is there, how much philosophy, how much truth! ..».

The artistic space of the poem consists of two worlds, which can be conditionally designated as the “real” world and the “ideal” world. The real world recreates the reality of Russian life contemporary to Gogol. It's ugly and scary world manila, nostril, chichikov, plush and pitcher snouts, the world of perverted spiritual values. The ideal world is the world of a high ideal, these are the thoughts and reflections of the author about true life, about the mighty and beautiful Russia living souls. In the name of this Russia, this poem was created.

The narrator in the poem is a real person who has his own biography, this is the image of the author with many of his thoughts and features. The image of the narrator is revealed in relation to the reality surrounding him. His thoughts are expressed by the whole system of images. Being in the center of the poem, he openly addresses the reader, and not only talks about the heroes, but also evaluates them, conveys his thoughts inspired by the pictures of life.

And although the image of the narrator is close to the author, their personalities are not identical. The narrative in the poem is conducted on behalf of an ideal personality, such as its author represents. Through the image of the narrator in the poem, everything that is close and dear to the author, that he loves and that has passed through his soul, is accomplished. The narrator, like the author, is a lonely wanderer who is looking for happiness. This is a man who has seen and experienced a lot. He does not accept evil and injustice, opposes vulgarity and narrow-mindedness, and is looking for new forms of human communication and existence.

The narrator freely and openly, without hiding his irony, expresses the progressive views of his era. He loves Russia and the Russian people and with acute pain experiences everything that is happening in his homeland, hates and despises the mighty of the world this, grieves for the death of the human in man. The beauty of his native land is dear to him and he sings of its beauty. But his love also includes the consciousness of personal responsibility for her fate. The fate of the people and the country is also its fate. The author entrusted the narrator with the role of a representative of people's Russia. But the fate of his homeland is tragic and sad, causing "the laughter visible to the world, invisible tears unknown to the world." However, he believes in the capabilities of the people, which is confirmed by his reviews of the Russian peasant, full of delight and ardent faith in a better future. All this allows us to assert that the image of the narrator is the image of Gogol himself. And the more the writer's skill developed, the more he worried about the fate of his homeland, the sharper his satire became, aimed at denouncing officials and landowners.

All topics of the book “Dead Souls” by N.V. Gogol. Summary. features of the poem. Compositions":

Summary poem "Dead Souls": Volume one. Chapter first

Features of the poem "Dead Souls"

The image of the narrator

It was published in 1842. This article will consider the image of the author in the poem "Dead Souls". Gogol plays a special role in it. Nikolai Vasilievich is not a passive narrator in Dead Souls, but a wise interlocutor. He carries on a leisurely conversation with his reader.

Preface to the 2nd edition of "Dead Souls"

The author in the preface to the 2nd edition of the work asks the reader to help him. It will help to understand the image of the author in the poem of this preface. In it, he says that he cannot know everything that happens on Russian soil, so much of this book is described incorrectly. Nikolai Vasilyevich admits that many blunders and mistakes occurred due to his haste, immaturity and oversight, so there is something to correct on every page of the work. And Gogol asks the reader to do this - to correct him.

Further, Nikolai Vasilyevich gives us specific recommendations on what needs to be done in order to properly help him. In particular, after reading a few pages of this poem, one should recall and write down on paper one's own life memories. After a sheet of paper is filled with these records, you need to send it to the author. This preface shows how important it was for Gogol to know how the reader perceives his poem.

Why is this work a poem?

The very genre definition of "poem" is associated with the meaning that the image of the author has in the poem "Dead Souls". N.V. himself came up with such a name for his creation. Gogol. As you know, a poem is a lyrical genre. And for such works, it is not so much the plot as such that is important, but the author's moods and experiences.

Role in the poem of lyrical digressions

As the main storyline develops, more and more lyrical digressions appear in the poem, through which the image of the author in the poem "Dead Souls" is revealed. In them, Nikolai Vasilyevich communicates directly with his reader. He tells him about what worries him and excites him at the moment. The reader is connected to the process of creativity, acting simultaneously as a critic of the work. The fact of the appearance of this poem becomes a social phenomenon (and not purely literary).

Influence of Enlightenment Philosophers

Analyzing the image of the author in the poem "Dead Souls" by lyrical digressions, we note that Gogol's worldview is closely connected with the views of various enlightening philosophers. The main idea of these thinkers was that by nature man is a harmonious being. And it is the unjust social laws that are to blame for his vices. They force the personality of a person to adapt to life and violate consciously inherent in it.

Gogol's lyrical digressions are filled with patriotic pathos. Complementing the image of the author in the poem "Dead Souls", we note that, depicting degraded, vicious people, Nikolai Vasilyevich at the same time cherishes his dream of a wonderful person. He sees disorder and devastation in his native land, but does not cease to believe in a bright future for Russia. Where, if not here, in this vast country, is boundless thought destined to be born?

Memories from the life of the author in the work

It was important for Nikolai Vasilyevich to include memories of his own life in his work. For example, in chapter 6 he reflects on his youth, says that he liked to drive up to an unfamiliar place. The inquisitive childish look of the young Gogol revealed many curious things. This view has become chilled over the years, the freshness of perception of life has been lost.

The goal pursued by Gogol

The author in chapter 11 argues with readers who do not want to talk about devastation and poverty, about stupid and despicable things in life. He believes that the unwillingness to hear the bitter truth about their native country gives rise to false patriotism in people. After all, silence will never lead to a solution to a problem.

The author of the poem we are interested in is a creator who was chosen to think about life, about the most significant thing in it - the future fate of Russia. Nikolai Vasilyevich felt that only he could fulfill this great mission. To realize his plans, he made every effort.

Irony of Gogol

The author of the poem constantly communicates with the reader. At the same time, irony is often seen in relation to him, which Gogol hides under the desire to please. For example, he turns to readers and says that the ladies will not like Chichikov, as they demand that the hero of the work be "decisive perfection." Nikolai Vasilyevich seeks to predict the reader's attitude towards Chichikov, to imagine a possible reaction to him.

Gogol as a lyrical hero and storyteller

In this lyric-epic work, the author acts as a lyrical hero and as a narrator at the same time. Gogol reflects on the choice of writers, on their two types, on the choice of a hero and on the language of a work, shares his creative ideas. All this is characteristic of lyrical hero. Some of Gogol's utterances serve to connect individual episodes of Dead Souls. They play an important compositional role in the poem. Of course, Gogol acts here as a narrator.

The ratio of the epic and lyrical beginnings of the work is the means by which Nikolai Vasilyevich expresses. Generalizing digressions connected with the epic part reveal Nikolai Vasilyevich's attitude towards his heroes. Sometimes it is difficult to separate Chichikov's thoughts in the poem from the lyrical digressions. In the lyrical part, the author acts as a romantic poet, and in the epic part, as an innovator-realist.

So, we have described the image of the author in the poem "Dead Souls" briefly. A more detailed analysis of it can be carried out if we take this article as a basis. After reading the work and noting in it the places in which Gogol's voice sounds, you can complete the image of the author in the poem "Dead Souls". With citations, the analysis will become more thorough and detailed.

The artistic space of the poem consists of two worlds, which can be conditionally designated as the “real” world and the “ideal” world. The real world recreates the reality of Russian life contemporary to Gogol. This is an ugly and terrible world of manil, nostril, chichikov, plush and pitcher snouts, a world of perverted spiritual values. The ideal world is the world of a high ideal, these are the thoughts and thoughts of the author about true life, about the mighty and beautiful Russia of living souls. In the name of this Russia, this poem was created.

The narrator freely and openly, without hiding his irony, expresses the progressive views of his era. He loves Russia and the Russian people and with acute pain experiences everything that is happening in his homeland, hates and despises the powers that be, mourns the death of a human being. The beauty of his native land is dear to him and he sings of its beauty. But his love also includes the consciousness of personal responsibility for her fate. The fate of the people and the country is also its fate. The author entrusted the narrator with the role of a representative of people's Russia. But the fate of his homeland is tragic and sad, causing "the laughter visible to the world, invisible tears unknown to the world." However, he believes in the capabilities of the people, which is confirmed by his reviews of the Russian peasant, full of delight and ardent faith in a better future. All this allows us to assert that the image of the narrator is the image of Gogol himself. And the more the writer's skill developed, the more he worried about the fate of his homeland, the sharper his satire became, aimed at denouncing officials and landowners.

All topics of the book “Dead Souls” by N.V. Gogol. Summary. features of the poem. Compositions":

Summary of the poem "Dead Souls": Volume one. Chapter first

Features of the poem "Dead Souls"

The image of the narrator

There are many errors and omissions, so that every page has something to correct: I ask you, reader, to correct me. Further, the author gave specific recommendations on how to properly help him: after reading several pages of the work, you should remember and write down your life memories, and as soon as the sheet of paper is filled with notes, send it to the author. This preface testified to how important it was for the author to know about the reader's perception of the poem.

The poem, as you know, is a lyrical genre. And for this kind of literature, it is not so much the plot itself that is important, but the author's feelings, moods. As the main storyline develops, there are numerous lyrical digressions in the work, in which the author communicates directly with the reader, telling him about what worries and worries him at the moment. Thus, the reader was connected to the creative process itself, turned simultaneously into a critic of the work, and the fact of the appearance of the poem from a purely literary phenomenon becomes a social phenomenon.

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