How to make a utility block at your dacha yourself: building a high-quality utility room. How to build a shed: choosing a location, materials and layout, installation stages, price comparison How to build an inexpensive shed with your own hands

Next to a private house or cottage there is always a free plot of land where you can build a small but extremely useful structure - a barn. Its purpose is very diverse, from storing equipment and solid fuel for the stove, to keeping animals. Wood is most often used to build a shed. And this is completely justified: it is affordable, durable and easy to use. You can build the structure yourself, following simple step-by-step instructions.

The first questions that will need to be resolved before starting construction: where and what to build the barn from? The area of ​​plots is often limited, so you need to use the land to the maximum. As an option, you can build a shed against one of the walls of the house or fence. If there is enough space, then you can choose absolutely any place, the main thing is that the building is convenient to use.

You can build a wooden shed from different materials:

The first two types of wood will provide a high-quality, durable and warm construction, but the construction process requires large financial and physical costs. The remaining types are suitable for lightweight structures that will be used as storage space; they will certainly cost less, and even one person can build such a shed.

Advantages of a wooden shed:

• Possibility to build “warm” and “cold” versions of the structure;
• Fast construction time;
• Availability and wide range of materials for construction;
• Ecological purity of wood;
• Possibility of using any decorative finish and lightweight types of foundation.

Don't forget about the appearance of the barn. It should be harmoniously combined with other buildings on the site. Exterior unity can be achieved through modern finishing materials, such as siding or corrugated sheeting.
In order not to make a mistake when calculating the amount of materials, it is necessary to prepare in advance a plan with the exact dimensions of the shed and make markings on a plot of land.

You also need to stock up on fasteners, tools and materials for arranging the foundation and decorative finishing, if required.

Construction of a shed from timber or logs

If the outbuilding must last for many years, then it is best to choose timber or logs as the basis for the walls, because the service life of buildings made from them can reach 70 years. These materials will provide high-quality thermal insulation in case of keeping livestock or poultry indoors. The building is also suitable for storing equipment. To build a large barn, additional labor will be required.

It is better not to use a shed made of timber or logs for storing firewood, since it does not have sufficient ventilation to dry the heating oil.

Foundation preparation

If there is no time to prepare the foundation, you can replace it with pillars dug to a depth of 60-80 cm.

The principle of laying the foundation is similar to that described above.

Strapping and erection of frame

It is more convenient to start construction by arranging a site that will serve as a floor and foundation for the construction of walls. The lower trim should be made of 150x150 mm timber, treated with an antiseptic. The foundation must first be covered with roofing felt to protect the structure from moisture.

The strapping bars can be joined end-to-end and secured with metal corners, or in half a tree. In the second case, the joints must be secured with nails or studs.

The floor joists are attached to the frame with special brackets or corners. To do this, 50-60 mm boards are placed on edge and fixed with self-tapping screws onto the beams in increments of no more than 60 cm. The location of the joists must be aligned along the upper edge of the trim so that when laying the floor the surface is level.

The next stage is installation of the floor. It can be fixed with self-tapping screws or nails. It is important to ensure that there are no gaps, and that the outer contours of the floorboard or OSB coincide with the bottom trim.

Then the racks are mounted at the corners of the base and secured with the top trim. To make your work easier when building a pitched roof, the racks can be immediately adjusted to size, two of them should be 50-80 cm higher. For a gable roof, all racks must be made the same. Next, additional supports are installed along the perimeter of the walls every 50 cm and openings are formed for windows and doors.

Roof construction

It is advisable to erect a shed roof for a barn - it is quick and economical. Moreover, the attic in such small buildings is rarely used.

If the top frame is at an angle, then the rafters from the boards can be laid directly on it, turning them on the edge. The distance between them should be no more than 50 cm so that the roof can withstand a large snow load.

Plank sheathing is laid on the rafter system. The pitch depends on the roofing material. Under roofing felt, the sheathing must be solid; under ondulin, boards can be laid at a distance of no more than 40 cm; under corrugated sheeting, a step of 60 cm is acceptable.

Wall cladding and installation of doors and windows

You can cover the walls with OSB or boards (edged and unedged). The slabs and edged boards are laid end-to-end and secured with self-tapping screws or nails. Unedged lumber is mounted with an overlap so that there are no gaps between the boards.

It is better to use ready-made windows, since their manufacture requires the skills of a carpenter. The door can also be custom made from wood, metal or plastic, or cut from OSB board and reinforced with bars.

All stages of the construction of a frame shed can be clearly studied in the presented video.

Finishing

OSB or board does not always look attractive. In addition, if the boards are waterproof, then the lumber needs protection from moisture, sunlight and insects. Therefore, decorative cladding of a frame barn is an almost mandatory condition for durability and aesthetic appearance.

You can also arrange a cellar under the barn, which you can make yourself.

The building can be sheathed with different types of materials. When choosing them, you should focus on the exterior of adjacent buildings. For example, siding can perfectly imitate brick, logs and other materials; if corrugated sheets are used in the decoration of the house, then the barn should be sheathed with the same, choosing the appropriate shade.

House or country outbuildings are most often built from wood and its derivatives. These materials provide variability in construction and the quality of the finished shed. If all the work is done correctly, the building will last a very long time, retain its attractive appearance and will not lose its functionality. Therefore, it is so important to follow all stages of construction from laying the foundation to decorative finishing.

Anyone who has at least once directly dealt with construction issues and delved into all the details knows very well that the stage of erecting the foundation of any structure is the most expensive. But that's not all. In some situations, installing a foundation is either impossible, or undesirable, or unjustified from an economic point of view.

For example, in a small garden plot, where there is a high risk of damage to part of the root system of vegetation and it is difficult to carry out excavation work, given the density of plantings. In such cases, the best option is to erect a temporary lightweight structure directly on the ground. Let's figure out how to make a shed from boards without a foundation in your country house or local area with your own hands.

On many thematic sites, in addition to the advantages of this engineering solution (high speed of construction, reduced costs), significant disadvantages are also noted - the fragility of the structure and the low level of thermal insulation.

The author himself is a summer resident with extensive experience, and categorically disagrees with this. The reasoning is quite clear. Firstly, if the installation is done correctly, the shed will last for many years. Secondly, the quality of insulation is also a controversial issue, since such buildings are intended mainly for storing household equipment and improvised materials, therefore, the microclimate inside them does not play a special role.

And making a bedding under the bottom of the barn, for example, from expanded clay, is not difficult. Well, it’s not difficult to determine how and what exactly to additionally cover the inside of the house to increase the temperature.

How to make a shed is probably not the most important thing that interests the reader. Moreover, the building material has already been determined - board. But “without a foundation” and “with your own hands” is somewhat unusual, although quite simple. This is what the author will focus on, based on personal experience in the construction of such a structure.

All areas are different, and that says it all. But you still have to take something into account.

• The segment of the territory on which the plank shed is supposed to be built should not be at risk of flooding. Since it has no foundation, excessive soil moisture will lead to rapid destruction of the building. Therefore, for construction you should select (if possible) the highest “patch” on the site.
• It is advisable that the barn be exposed to the sun most of the day. In this case, there is a guarantee that even if water accumulates near it, it will quickly evaporate, and the earth will dry out well. And moisture ingress is inevitable, especially if irrigation is done not by soil, but by sprinkling. By the way, many summer residents practice exactly this technique, fortunately, there are many inexpensive plastic “turntables” on sale.
• When choosing a location, you should also take into account the perspective. Summer residents who not only know what crop rotation is, but also practice this growing technology, understand what we are talking about. When changing the order of planting garden crops or redeveloping a plot, the barn should not be a hindrance to the gardener.

How to make a shed base

Still, any building, including a barn, by definition must have one. The reader has two simple options to choose from. High speed of installation and minimum costs for the shed are guaranteed.

Option #1

An often mentioned way to build a shed is on pallets. It is unlikely that such a technology deserves attention, given that such a base (made of wood) will rot quite quickly. With an expectation of 1 - 2 years, this is a good option, but this is more suitable for temporary structures that are installed on sites, for example, by builders and installers. This is not the best solution for the private sector.

Option No. 2

On supports. Someone will object that this is already a columnar type foundation. This is not entirely true - there are similarities, but small. The fundamental difference is in the depth of installation of the supports. For a small-sized wooden shed, they are dug in 50±10 cm. This is quite enough for the base to withstand a not so significant load.

After installing the posts, they are aligned on all planes, securely fixed in place, after which they are tied. The supporting frame is the foundation on which the shed will be built. It turns out that you won’t have to do any excavation work on the site (except for digging 4-6 holes) or preparing concrete mortar in large volumes. In fact, the barn is made without a foundation.

The advantage of this solution is not only the speed of construction of the foundation and the minimal cost of materials. Since timber, that is, wood, is used for strapping, it will not be difficult to install the frame posts on it with your own hands. Yes, and the barn can be slightly raised above the ground, even the structure can be leveled if the site is downhill.

Calculator for calculating the quantity and volume of lumber

What to consider during construction

It is advisable to start work directly when all preparatory measures have been completed. Since the supports (you can use fragments of timber or logs) will be in the ground, you should choose a method for processing them to protect them from rotting. The concept of “do-it-yourself” often implies that the owner makes do with improvised materials and not purchased materials and means.

The author recommends thorough (at least 2 times) impregnation with waste engine oil. Additionally, it is advisable to coat all edges of the blanks used as posts (except for the top cut) with tar (molten, of course). There is virtually no financial investment, and the durability of the foundation is ensured.

A barn built using this technology has been standing on the author’s property for 12 years now. And there are not even indirect signs that repairs need to be done. By the way, the timber used for strapping should also be impregnated with mining.

Procedure for installing the base of the shed

Nothing complicated for those who are familiar with the technology of foundation construction.

• Marking the area for the barn.
• Digging holes. You need to try to ensure that their diameter is only slightly larger than the cross-section of the support.
• Bottom seal. It is advisable to load a little clay (but always oily) into each hole, and then compact this layer. It will protect the hole from penetration of liquid into it from below. Considering that the tree for the supports is coated with tar, this will be enough. The specificity of this method of constructing a shed excludes the possibility of using other insulating materials (film, roofing felt), since they cannot be correctly laid (and straightened) in small holes.
• Next is a layer of river sand or ASG.
• Installation of supports and alignment of each vertically and horizontally.
• Loading small gravel, broken bricks, etc. into the holes, compacting this mass.
• Filling holes with cement mortar. It must be made of a sufficiently liquid consistency so that it penetrates as deeply as possible.

Drawing of a barn made of boards without a foundation

After hardening of the artificial stone obtained in this way, you can tie the posts under the barn, that is, mount the support frame.

This technology is more suitable for areas that are uneven. Or if for some reason the shed needs to be raised higher above the ground.

Option #3

On the "sleepers". If the space allocated for the shed is fairly level, then this is the most convenient way to quickly build a shed. It is used (a log is not suitable in this case), which is laid horizontally. In order to make a small shed, 2 blanks arranged in parallel are enough. Under a larger structure (in width), it is advisable to mount a third one, the location for which is selected in the center.

Timber processing is carried out only by impregnation. Since the products placed on the ground are also the foundation on which the frame of the shed will be erected, the tree should not be coated with tar.

• Tracing the territory consists of marking the contour of the barn along the perimeter and determining the places where it is necessary to dig shallow (10 cm is enough) trenches. Timber will be laid in them.
• Preparation is identical to the method described above - soil compaction, clay, and so on.
• The bottom of each mini-trench is lined with P/E film, since the wood was not protected with tar. It makes no sense to use such a popular waterproofing material among summer residents as roofing felt. Within 3 years it will rot and the fungus will begin to destroy the wood.
• After laying the beam, it should be fixed to prevent horizontal displacement. There are two ways. An easier one is to drive pieces of reinforcement into the sides of the products, at the end parts. If a massive beam is chosen, and the barn is large in size, then 2–3 (depending on the length) through holes are drilled in each workpiece along the center line. Pins are also driven into them.
• The final stage is fastening the timber. All workpieces are connected with staples, metal plates, and corners. That's all - the strength and immobility of the base is ensured.

By the way, it is not necessary to dig trenches. You need to focus on your capabilities and local conditions. It is enough to fill the area with fine gravel, compact this layer well, and then lay the support beam on it.

There are a number of other methods for building a shed without a foundation. What they have in common is the presence of a supporting frame. The difference is in the columns on which it is installed.

There are also several options - reinforced concrete products, metal supports with plates, bricks and so on. The author did not consider other technologies for only one reason - the complexity of the connections. The supporting frame is made of wood, the posts are made of other materials. You can articulate it with your own hands, but why complicate your life by looking for a hammer drill, concrete drills, large metal drills or anything else.

How to build a shed

No detailed explanations are required for this stage of work. The technology of frame construction has long been known and is described in detail on many sites, in every detail. In principle, the author has nothing to add. The photographs clearly explain everything.

Frame installation

For a light shed, a beam with a side of 10 or even 5 cm (depending on the dimensions) is sufficient. For example, do this.

Installation of trusses (front and rear)

If the front pillars are made higher, then you can do without them. In this case, the roof will be pitched. It's easier to build.

Covering the frame with boards

Do it yourself - nothing complicated.

You just need to take into account that nails often go sideways and can also split the wood. It is better to fix all elements with self-tapping screws or self-tapping screws, with preliminary drilling of the channels.

The reader will determine for himself how to cover the roof and cover the shed outside and inside. You can do this.

If you show your imagination, an originally designed barn will become a real decoration of your summer cottage.

At first glance, it seems that building a shed is simple. Choose a picture you like on the Internet or drawings of a utility unit you like - and build it for your health. Moreover, you can make a barn from timber, using frame technology, or even a stone one - from brick or aerated concrete. But behind the apparent ease lies the main pitfall. The barn in the picture is not yours, but “that guy’s.” Will it be right for you, will it be convenient to use this outbuilding, will everything that is planned fit into it? You will learn the answers to these questions, and more, from our article. Namely:

• What is a shed for?
• How to determine the optimal size of an outbuilding.
• How to turn a barn into a multi-functional building.
• What are utility blocks built from and on what foundation?

Where does the construction of a barn begin?

Often, a barn is the first building that is erected on a site, at the start of building a house or even before that. To hide tools, building materials, to take shelter from bad weather or to spend the night - in everything, the “shed” becomes an indispensable and universal assistant.

After the site has been inhabited, the tools and equipment necessary for caring for the garden and vegetable garden are stored in the outbuilding.

They drag in snow removal equipment, lawn mowers, and building materials that were left after the construction of the cottage. And often - everything that is a pity to throw away or is planned to be left “for later”, because a zealous owner makes everything work.

It is not surprising that over time the barn turns into a “junk pile”, filled with a mass of necessary and unnecessary things. If it is easier for the owner to go to the market and buy the wrench or hardware needed on the farm than to find them in the utility room, then something needs to be done about it. And you need to start in advance, even before the construction of the shed begins, by properly designing it and calculating the optimal dimensions.

MAX001 FORUMHOUSE Member

I have a brick house of 200 square meters. m and an ordinary change house measuring 6x3 meters. One day I realized that the change house, which had been in use for 3 years, had outlived its usefulness. I sold it and wondered what to do with the tool and other things pulled out of it. I decided to build a barn. At this stage, I made a fatal mistake - I consulted with my wife about the dimensions of the outbuilding. As a result of lengthy negotiations, during which my wife did not see the point in building something big, we came to a common denominator - a small utility block, approximately 2.5x3 meters + high ceilings.

We will immediately show what happened to the user.

The problem is that all the beautiful “pictures” of the correct placement of things in the shed were shattered by the reefs of harsh reality a year later. The racks and shelves were filled with various “junk”, and there was practically no free space left.

When asked what to do about it, the user found the only correct answer - to attach another one to the barn... a barn. According to MAX001, headaches can be avoided if you immediately erect an outbuilding of normal size. And so I had to buy another iron door, build walls, and so on down the list.

But now everything fits in the barn.

Although there is an opinion that the larger the shed, the more clutter it can become, there are minimum dimensions below which you should not build. Otherwise, you’ll have to throw everything up to the ceiling, filling the shed like a shopping bag. There will never be order in the utility room. The starting point for calculating the dimensions of the utility unit is the physical dimensions of the things that you are going to store there.

Ironka Member of FORUMHOUSE

My mother built a shed at the dacha measuring only 9 square meters. m. As a result: now you can only stand in the middle. Moreover, nothing large, in the form of any special equipment, is stored there. Just a bicycle, greenhouse films, hoes, axes, saws, nails and various small things. I think that building a shed less than 15-18 square meters. m not worth it. This way there will still be room left in reserve.

MAX001

My shed is about 12 square meters. m. is saved by the fact that the ceilings are high, you can put up shelving. I even use the space between the rafters - I filled the bars and store folding country furniture there, and in the summer - skis.

In addition, the user increased the functionality of the shed by mounting a shed for the firewood on the outside wall (stone), where it is now possible to store about 2 cubes of logs.

Cosolapyj FORUMHOUSE Member

I decided to build a barnhouse style because... the number of tools and various equipment exceeded all reasonable limits. It is not possible to store everything compactly, so the shed will have the appropriate dimensions - 8x18 meters, at USHP.

When constructing outbuildings, the user recommends adhering to the principle “do a little more at once than you can afford, and you won’t have to redo it for longer.”

Let's add that in the barn Cosolapyj plans to equip a workshop, make a water supply for car washing, and also (eventually) install an ATV and a garden grader.

We'll also show you the barn plans.

From left to right: a storage room and a place for a grader, in the middle is a workshop, on the left is a shed.

How to calculate the optimal dimensions of a shed and turn it into a universal utility unit

As can be seen from what is written above, by the word “shed” each developer means his own building. In one case, you need a small outbuilding for storing garden tools and various small items, and in another, the barn grows to the size of a house. But there is one nuance that unites them. This is ease of use.

The shed must be practical, which means it must be made for specific needs.

Therefore, instead of taking the dimensions of the shed from the Internet or from a neighbor, it is better to decide for yourself what you need the shed for and what you plan to store in it.

There can be many options for such planning. For example, at the initial stage of construction in the barn it is necessary to place tools, some building materials, and equip sleeping places.

In the future, the barn can be transformed from just a “storage room” on the site - into a workshop, as well as a place for storing firewood or pellets.

Or it can turn into a “garage” for storing various equipment - a motor cultivator, lawn mower, vibratory rammer, snow blower, etc.

Any summer resident has a basic set of tools and agricultural equipment, which he cannot do without on his plot. It is from this list that you need to start when calculating the minimum dimensions of the shed.

For example, to store a simple set of garden tools - shovels, rakes, axes, hoes, small spades, saws, brooms - you can allocate 2 square meters. m.

If you plan to actively garden and store fertilizers and greenhouse materials in the shed, increase the area to 3-4 square meters. m.

If you have electric tools: a gas trimmer, a high-pressure washer, garden pumps, hoses, sets of ordinary tools, you need even more space - 5 or more square meters.

Practice shows that the averaged and The optimal size for an outbuilding can be taken as dimensions of 3x6 meters with a height of 2.5 m.

In this case, it will be possible to place long building materials in the shed - boards and fittings. Set up a small workspace for a home handyman, install racks for storing hardware and various household items.

When building a barn, do not forget about arranging a small terrace with a canopy, where you can work outside in bad weather or just relax while sitting at your desk in the evening.

An important stage is zoning the barn. To do this, we divide the building into a number of rooms - blocks, each of which stores its own. For example, “dirty” things - a garden wheelbarrow, shovels, rakes, spades, watering hoses, etc. It is better not to drag what is needed for working with the soil into the outbuilding, but to place it on the side in a small compartment with separate doors.

This way, these tools will always be at hand and you won’t have to sweep/wipe the floor in the barn every time, cleaning out sand, black soil, fertilizers or clay.

We allocate space for a work table, shelves with carpentry and plumbing tools and places to store bolts, nuts, nails, screws, etc.

Rule: we place what is required first and most often closer to the entrance. Anything that is rarely used or used seasonally can be placed in the back of the shed against the far wall.

If you plan to store long materials in the barn, then, for ease of pulling them in, you should make the door not in the middle of the building, but on the side - on the right or left, or at the end. If you are not “greedy” at the height of the barn, then the attic can also become the optimal place to store leftover fittings, boards, plywood, and pipes.

Those. everything that is not needed often, but can be easily obtained if necessary. In addition, even before construction we think about whether the barn will be insulated. In our climatic conditions, this will allow working in outbuildings in late autumn and winter.

Household block: design options and construction features

Experienced developers know well that it is better to learn from the mistakes of others, so as not to make mistakes in their construction. To do this, it is best to study the experience of portal users who have already built sheds and cabins. Therefore, in this part of the article we have collected illustrative examples of practical utility units.

What materials can you build a shed from? The experience of our users shows: from any. It all depends on the budget and the intended design. Everything is used, they build from wooden budget outbuildings standing on, to permanent buildings made of brick or aerated concrete. In any case, you should start by developing a plan, and ideally a project. An illustrative example is a portal participant with the nickname AlexanderFJTI.

AlexanderFJTI User FORUMHOUSE

It all started when I conceived the idea of ​​building a utility complex - combining a barn, a terrace and a bathhouse under one roof. Construction began with a model. I bought slats at the store and, together with my son, built a model of a multi-shed in the winter.

Note that the barn was built using one of the most common technologies used for the construction of such objects - frame. Screw piles were used as the foundation.

AlexanderFJTI

A team of three people screwed 21 piles by hand. They worked very quickly. The piles were cut to the water level, the shaft was filled with cement-sand mortar, and the cap was welded on top and everything was painted. Next I started building the frame. And this is what happened in the end.

To save on the services of a construction team, it is better to build the barn yourself and use the experience gained when building a house.

A different approach was taken Goshapiter.

Goshapiter FORUMHOUSE Member

There was a barn on my property that my grandfather built back in 2001. The building served faithfully all these years, but it became “cramped” for all the equipment stored there. In addition, it was worn out, so I decided to build a new one from permanent polystyrene foam formwork. Dimensions from the inside - 4800x3600 mm. The roof is flexible tiles.

As a foundation, the user erected a “ribbon”, within the perimeter of which, from the inside, a slab was poured.

In this option, the slab is also the finished subfloor of the barn. In addition, the problem of possible rotting of the wooden floor disappears. You can also, without fear of a “trampoline,” place heavy shelving, a table with tools, machines and vices in the barn.

The inside of the utility block was finished with OSB boards, which were secured on guides from the drywall fastening. Siding was used on the outside.

Goshapiter

Everything fit in the barn - bicycles, gardening equipment, tiles left over from the construction of the house. Construction took 1.5 months. It would have turned out faster if not for “wet” concrete work.

Another example of an unusual barn - a utility block Dmitr173, made from homemade tongue-and-groove boards.

Dmitr173 FORUMHOUSE Member

I, like any owner of a country plot, thought about building a barn. It should accommodate: a small workshop; my wife needs a corner for storing gardening supplies. Besides this, I would like to build something original - for the soul.

Having drawn up the technical specifications and gone through several options, the user decided to build a shed from tongue-and-groove boards. The foundation is a proven and relatively inexpensive MZLF (shallow strip foundation).

To maximize the use of natural light, the roof of the barn has a transparent polycarbonate insert.

In order for the dacha plot to be well-groomed and tidy, you will definitely have to work hard on it, caring for the plants and beautifying the entire landscape. Accordingly, at the dacha it is extremely necessary to build a shed in which all tools, work clothes and shoes, and important gardening equipment will be stored.

In this case, the barn can become an extension to an existing permanent structure or be built on a separate, independent foundation. The choice of option depends on the area and topography of a particular site, as well as on the personal wishes of the owners.

PlasticsPlastic shed

The lightest and most mobile sheds are plastic. It takes no more than two hours to assemble them. At the same time, there is no talk of pouring the foundation. However, this option is not the most economically profitable, and cannot be considered as a capital facility for year-round storage of tools.

Video – Plastic shed

With wood-polymer composite cladding, they are practical (you can drill slabs and attach hooks, light shelves), light weight and quick installation. WPC is a fairly durable material that can withstand significant loads. Such a shed will fit perfectly into the landscape of a summer cottage, and with properly equipped ventilation it will last a very long time.

Brick or block shed Maximum reliability, durability and convenience. Such a shed is not afraid of seasonal changes, precipitation of any kind, and it is not easy for intruders to penetrate a permanent structure. However, building a brick barn involves a series of lengthy, labor-intensive work and knowledge of building walls and pouring a monolithic slab foundation. From the financial side, a brick building is 20-40% inferior to a frame barn, the construction of which will be discussed further.

Draw a plan of your site, mark existing buildings, trees, and pedestrian paths. Choose a place for the shed so that it is equally convenient to get tools for work, bring and take out firewood, and in case of sudden rain, you don’t have to run across the entire area to hide any garden supplies.

It is also undesirable to build a shed over underground sewer or water pipes, buried electrical cables, and in close proximity to an outdoor restroom.

In the process of choosing a location for the shed, draw up a plan that will indicate:

Foundation for a country shed

Since the frame structure weighs relatively little, a columnar foundation is the most acceptable option for it.

Making the markings

We stock up on cord, tape measure, sharp pegs, a hammer, a plan of the shed and set off to make markings.

We drive the pegs into the ground with a hammer. We stretch the cord between the stakes. We take measurements with a tape measure. The diagonals of the marked rectangle must be equal.

Laying the foundation

Step one. We dig rectangular holes for the posts. For a shed 3x6 meters, the optimal quantity is 15 pcs.

Pit size:

• depth – 30 cm;
• perimeter approximately 300 x 300 mm.

If you wish, you can get by with just nine columns, but in this case you will need to lay a more massive beam for the bottom frame and floor joists.

Step two. Fill the holes with a mixture of sand and gravel. The thickness of the pillow is 10-15 cm. We spill it with water and tamp it down.

Step three. We drive iron rods strictly vertically into the center of each hole.

Step four. We lay out brick columns. For 15 columns you will need approximately 8 bags of construction mixture, 25 kg each. We check the posts for horizontalness and alignment using a hydraulic level and a tape measure. If horizontal deviations are noticed, we eliminate them with a layer of cement mortar.

Step five. When the cement dries, we plaster the columns with any mixture for external use. This will protect the brick from moisture and make the foundation of the barn more aesthetically pleasing. We cover the underground part of the foundation with bitumen mastic. This will significantly extend the life of the foundation.

Step six. We fill all the holes with brick pillars with sand and compact it thoroughly.

For the bottom trim you will need a beam with a section of 100 x 100 mm and boards for the subfloor 40 mm thick. If the foundation columns were built not 15, but 9, you should prepare a beam 150 x 150 mm thick and a board 50 mm thick.

Important! Before laying, we treat all wooden elements with impregnation with fire and bioprotective properties, and lay double pieces of roofing felt glued with bitumen on the posts.

We cut the beams to the required length. We cut the ends of the beams to half the thickness for joining (the “half a tree” method). We drill holes with a diameter of 20 mm and insert dowels into each connection.

You will need beams 3 meters long for the front wall and 2.2 meters long for the back wall.

Don't forget to check all frame elements for evenness.

A total of 13 beams must be installed: 5 each for the front and rear walls and 3 to support the ceiling (the height of the central beams is 2.2 m).

Upper harness

At this stage, it is necessary to prepare 2 beams 6 meters long. We make half-tree cuts in each beam for laying on vertical beams.

We install the trestles, lay the beams, fasten the vertical and horizontal elements with metal corners and self-tapping screws.

Before laying the cross beams (3 pieces, 3 m long), we attach the metal corners to the vertical supports. We lay cross beams horizontally on these corners and fix the structure with self-tapping screws.

We cut the boards along the length of the barn (6 m) and fasten them to the joists with self-tapping screws. We make cuts in appropriate places.

First, we take measurements. Using a tape measure, we calculate the length of the rafters, taking into account the allowance for the canopy of 20-30 cm above the facade and rear wall of the barn.

In total, we will prepare 12 rafters from boards 40 mm thick, one of which will serve as a template for making the rest.

We make notches in the rafters that will prevent the roof from sliding down. We put each rafter in place. We screw in the screws and drive a nail 20 cm long on top.

Installation of roofing and wind protection

We take boards 25x150 mm and 6 meters long, attach them as lathing to the rafters. We fasten the board with nails, driving in 2 pieces each. into every rafter. The pitch between the boards is 150 mm.

We insert a vertical block between the outer rafters and the horizontal beams of the upper trim and screw in the self-tapping screws obliquely for fixation.

We cover the parts of the rafters protruding above the walls with boards on all sides. We fasten the boards on the sides and below under the rafters on the overhangs.

As a finishing roofing covering, it is better to choose materials with low weight, for example, ondulin (Euro slate), metal tiles or corrugated sheets. Along with the coating, we purchase nails with decorative heads.

We lay a layer of waterproofing on the sheathing, which can be roofing felt. We fix it with a construction stapler.

We begin laying Euro slate from the lower right corner of the barn, moving in rows to the very top of the roof slope. It is very important to carefully align the first sheet of ondulin so that the entire coating does not become distorted later. We leave the overhang of the ondulin over the sheathing boards 5-8 cm on each side of the roof. We drive nails into the ridges of the Euro slate exactly in the places where the sheathing boards pass.

For rough cladding we prepare OSB boards. We cut the necessary window and door openings, fasten the slabs to the beams with self-tapping screws. In this case, we fasten the slabs so as to completely hide the beams of the lower trim. We screw in the screws in increments of 30 cm, retreating from the edge of the slabs by 10 cm. We fasten the slabs at the bottom and top of the shed, screwing in the screws every 10 cm.

Be sure to leave a technological gap of 3-5 mm between the plates. We make sure that the joints of adjacent slabs fall on the beams.

When the shed is completely sheathed, we begin to attach the windproof membrane using a furniture stapler. We stretch adjacent fabrics with an overlap of up to 15 cm.

We attach thin slats to the walls of the barn. We put mineral wool slabs into the cells of the sheathing. Insulating your shed will allow you not to worry about your belongings and tools left at the dacha all winter.

We attach another layer of vapor and moisture protection horizontally on top of the mineral wool. The barn walls are ready to be covered with wood planks or other siding. Before attaching the siding, we vertically nail thin strips to the frame. This will provide the necessary clearance needed to ventilate the front of the shed.

Video - Insulating walls with mineral wool

The inside of the barn floor should also be insulated by laying joists, a layer of waterproofing film, mineral wool and installing a finished floor covering.

Decorate the walls from the inside according to your taste. Nail on shelves, tool holders, and equip a firewood shed. This shed will serve you for a very long time.

Video - Do-it-yourself garden shed

The presence of such an outbuilding as a country shed is necessary on any plot of land. This design will serve as an excellent place to store garden tools, tools, various building materials and, possibly, household supplies for the winter.

Let's try to figure out how to build a shed with your own hands, what materials to choose for construction, how to decide on the type of structure to be built and calculate its dimensions.

Deciding on a place

The outbuilding for your dacha will serve you for many years, so choosing a place for its construction must be approached with all responsibility.

The territory selected for construction must meet two criteria; it must provide:

• ease of use of the shed;
• maintaining the aesthetic appearance of the site.

In order to accurately select a place for construction, first draw up a project of all the elements of the summer cottage and a drawing of the barn for the summer house.

It is the resulting diagrams that will help you decide on the territory that has the area necessary for the construction and is as convenient as possible from the point of view of using the utility room.

You can place the barn behind a residential building, this will allow you to hide the building from prying eyes; some gardeners, on the contrary, place an outbuilding in the center of the dacha plot, decorating it in a very interesting way, resulting in not only a room for storing things, but also an original decoration for the dacha territories.

Construction materials

For self-construction of a country shed on a site, the following building materials are most often used:

• not edged board;
• brick;
• beam;
• foam blocks.

The first option is the most economical of all presented. The main advantages of building an economy class building from unedged boards are low cost and quick installation.

For such a structure it is not necessary to have a foundation; it can be placed on wide bars or pallets. The construction of this shed usually takes one to two days, but the service life of such a building will be short.

A country barn made of brick, in addition to its aesthetic appearance, is characterized by high strength and durability. When building a utility block from this material, it is necessary to install a strong strip foundation, insulate the walls, roof and floor covering.

As for financial costs, you will have to spend a decent amount on a brick barn, but as a result you will get a beautiful structure that will serve you for several decades.

In addition, such a structure can be used not only for storing country equipment, but also food, preparations, and used as a garden house or workshop.

A barn made of timber or foam blocks is the most popular and frequently encountered option, where there is an optimal price-quality ratio.

By spending a relatively small amount of money, you will get a fairly reliable and wear-resistant structure that will perform all the functions assigned to it in your dacha.

In order to decide which material to use for construction, additionally study the characteristics of this or that raw material, evaluate your financial capabilities, look at numerous photos of garden sheds made from various materials to decide which one best suits your tastes and overall design territories.

Main stages of construction

Building a country shed with your own hands, regardless of the type of materials chosen, will consist of several main stages:

Creation of a barn project with a detailed indication of all design features and dimensions.

Preparing a site for the construction of a structure, which includes not only choosing a site for construction, but also removing debris, interfering bushes, and removing the top layer of soil (at least 0.5 meters).

Foundation construction. Having poured the foundation for the construction of a shed, leave it to completely harden for 2 - 3 days, be sure to keep in mind that in hot weather the fresh foundation simply needs to be sprayed with water to prevent it from cracking.

Laying waterproofing materials on top of the finished foundation.

Direct construction of a building from selected materials, for example, if it is foam blocks or bricks, then a solution is prepared to connect the elements together and the masonry process begins. Laying foam blocks or bricks begins from the corners of the building, after which the walls are erected.

If the building material is wood, poles are dug into the corners of the future barn, the structure is tied with bars using a building level, after which the structure is sheathed with boards. Don't forget to leave openings in the walls for window and door openings.

Construction of the roof. The roof can be covered using any popular materials: metal tiles, slate, etc. Think carefully about the design of this element; whether it is a pitched or gable roof is up to you to decide.

Installation of windows and doors

Interior decoration of the room: flooring, insulation, wall cladding, if necessary, etc.

Exterior decoration of the building. This stage of work cannot be called mandatory, but to give the shed originality and aesthetics, you can use your imagination.

Building a shed on a summer cottage will not cause any difficulties, which is why summer residents so often resort to building this outbuilding on their own.

Having decided to acquire a new multifunctional room on your site, do not put it off, carefully understand the design process, prepare all the necessary materials and tools, and get to work.

Photo of a barn for a summer residence