Presentation "Indoor plants in the interior." Lesson topic: "Indoor plants in the interior of a room" Watering indoor plants


The role of indoor plants in human life Human life is connected with nature, with the life of plants. Since ancient times, people have decorated themselves and their homes and shrines with flowers and plants, expressed gratitude for courage and bravery, and awarded them for services to the fatherland. In Burma and India, the custom of decorating honored guests with garlands of flowers has survived to this day.






Indoor plants with their beauty of shape, color and fragrance have a beneficial effect on the human body, improve mood, relieve tension, and extinguish nervousness. Plants are the orderlies of residential premises. They absorb dust, purify the air of carbon dioxide, contribute to its humidification, and destroy harmful microorganisms.














When placing plants, the decorative and artistic value and originality of the plants are taken into account. A climbing plant, suspended from the ceiling or on a bracket against the wall, will visually increase the height of the composition or enliven a boring wall. Large single plants are placed on the floor. Tall narrow leaves visually raise the ceilings, while low, outstretched leaves lower them.






A certain arrangement of plants visually changes the space of the premises, allows you to divide the room into separate zones, and organize a relaxation corner in the form of a small winter garden. If the plant is chosen according to its color, the interior takes on an irresistible appearance.


Glossary of terms Liana is a climbing or climbing plant with an elongated stem, unable to climb up without additional support. A hanging plant is a plant with vine-like shoots hanging freely from the hanging vessel in which it is planted. A terrarium is a flower arrangement planted inside a plastic or glass container. A jardiniere is a special flower table equipped with a tin or zinc box with a drain pipe. A succulent is a plant that has fleshy, succulent leaves or stems that can store and retain water. Phytodesign is the artistic design of interiors using plants.



In order to familiarize students with indoor plants and the history of their appearance in the home interior, an educational lesson was held among students in grades 7-8 of the 3-4 type correctional school in Krasnodar. This lesson allowed students to expand their knowledge about caring for indoor plants, to cultivate hard work, demanding quality of work, and maintaining safe work with hand tools.

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PRESENTATION FOR THE LESSON: “HOUSE PLANTS IN THE INTERIOR”

Purpose of the lesson: Educational – to familiarize students with the role of indoor plants and the history of their origin in the home interior Developmental – to expand students’ knowledge about caring for indoor plants Educational – to cultivate diligence, demands for quality work, and compliance with safe work with hand tools

HOUSEPLANTS

The meaning and role of indoor flowers in a person’s life Many people underestimate the importance of indoor flowers, thinking of them only as a decoration for the house or a means of improving the microclimate of the apartment, and do not even imagine that flowers can open up a whole world of harmony for a person and cleanse the house.

Flowers help develop creativity, have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system and on the physical, psychological and energetic state of a person as a whole. Indoor flowers minimize the harmful effects of household appliances, clean the space around them, and create an atmosphere of comfort.

HISTORICAL INFORMATION There is a lot of beauty and mystery in the world of plants. Since ancient times, people have tried to create beauty and comfort in their homes by decorating them with plants, which later began to be called “green friends” of man. “Green friends” have settled in and around our homes. People grow a wide variety of plants in their gardens, summer cottages, terraces, balconies, and rooms.

WHERE AND WHEN DID HOUSE PLANTS APPEAR? This question interests many. Research scientists claim that indoor plants appeared a long time ago - more than three and a half thousand years ago. Already the ancient peoples - the Greeks and Romans - grew ornamental plants with special love.

In many countries, botanical gardens were created where collections of foreign plants were collected. Greenhouses were built for particularly delicate and heat-loving plants. Thanks to botanical gardens and botanists who were engaged in their mass reproduction, plants appeared in human homes. Now it is impossible to establish exactly where, when and who put the first plant in a “shard” (flower pot) on the windowsill.

The homeland of many indoor plants is tropical and subtropical. Perhaps the most unpretentious and resistant plants such as ivy, dracaena, palm trees, tradescantia and aspidistra were the first to appear there. Gradually, skills were acquired, experience was accumulated, and rules for growing and caring for decorative indoor plants were created. A lot of effort and love must be shown so that the plant survives in unusual apartment conditions. And then it will thank you and bring you great joy.

TRADESCANTIA

ASPIDISTRA

TIPS FOR CARE OF HOUSE PLANTS

Caring for indoor plants is not as simple as it seems. If you want to grow indoor plants yourself, then you should consider a number of factors that will help you with this. Maintaining the temperature regime As is known, a decrease in air temperature slows down the development and growth of plants; in addition, it is necessary to protect home flowers from drafts that can destroy them.

Compliance with the light regime In order for the plant to develop normally, it needs a sufficient amount of light. Usually there are light-loving plants, plants that prefer partial shade and shade-tolerant plants. As for placement, light-loving plants are usually placed on a south window, preferring partial shade - on the east or west, and shade-tolerant plants - on the north. If your plants do not have enough light, use, for example, fluorescent lamps. The lighting from them is as close as possible to natural light and they emit almost no heat. In addition, fluorescent lamps consume 4 times less energy than incandescent lamps.

Watering The frequency of watering is determined by the condition of the plant and external conditions (heat, soil and air humidity, light intensity, etc.). The soil in pots should, as a rule, be kept moderately moist. Sudden transitions from a lack of moisture to its excess should not be allowed. This means that watering should be regular and even. There is a golden rule for watering plants - it is better to water less, but more often, than less often and a lot.

Water for irrigation What kind of water should I use? It is best to water plants only with soft rain, river or pond water. Please note that rainwater may be contaminated by industrial emissions if you live in or near an industrial area. Chlorinated tap water is left to sit for at least a day so that the chlorine has time to evaporate. The water temperature should be at least not lower than room temperature. It is recommended to water cacti with warmer water. Watering plants with cold water can cause root rot, bud drop, and even plant death. On the contrary, watering plants in a cold room with warm water is also undesirable, because... this will cause the plant to grow prematurely.

Watering plants during vacation A few words about how to ensure watering of plants during vacation. Before you leave for a few days, place the plants in a bowl of water filled to 1/3 of the height of the pot. If you are going to be away for a longer period of time (3-4 weeks), fill the containers with peat or soil to a height of 15-20 cm, dig in the plants, water them well first, and moisten everything again. Plants should be placed in a lighted place, but not in the sun. There is another method of watering. A vessel with water is placed above the plants, from which a woolen or cotton cord that conducts water well is lowered into each pot. The plant pot can be placed above the water container. In this case, the second end of the cord is inserted into the drainage hole. You can put a few pieces of coal in the water for disinfection.

Feeding the soil with microelements The plant, like our body, needs additional nutrition in the form of various microelements. For example, a lack of calcium in the soil leads to the growth of roots and stems stopping, young shoots and leaves die; and a lack of potassium prevents the formation of ovaries. A plant lacking potassium is more often susceptible to various fungal diseases.

Air humidity This parameter is often ignored, but it is no less important than all the others in the process of caring for indoor plants. Most often, plants are sprayed in order to somehow protect their foliage from drying out, but this measure is effective only if it is carried out regularly, almost hourly. In winter, when the air humidity in a heated room is no more than 20%), it is not at all easy for a plant to survive, despite the fact that it is comfortable living in a humidity of 60-80%. Plants suffer greatly from lack of moisture, the foliage becomes pale and withered. In addition, some species, such as asparagus, do not bloom at all at low air humidity. When caring for indoor plants, it is optimal to use a humidifier, which will maintain the required level of air humidity.

Pests of indoor plants Despite good care and good location, pests can still appear on our plants. The key to successful control is correct and timely identification of the pest type. Be sure to inspect all plants once a week. Please note that most often pests are found on young leaves, flowers and buds. Most of them are visible to the naked eye, but some can only be seen with a magnifying glass.

If you detect any pest of indoor plants, you need to: 1. Try to remove pests mechanically by wiping the leaves and stems with a sponge soaked in soapy water or alcohol. 2. It is imperative to remove all damaged buds, flowers, leaves and shoots. 3. Immediately isolate the affected plant.

Replanting Indoor plants growing in a limited space in a pot need regular replanting: the root system grows, the old substrate loses its properties (it becomes compacted, becomes clogged with harmful substances). Young and fast-growing plants need annual replanting; adult and slow-growing plants are replanted less frequently - once every 2-3 years; large tub plants - even less often, once every 4-5 years (sometimes they simply periodically replace the top layer of old soil with fresh substrate). Many indoor plants are replanted in the spring (usually from late February-early March to May), when they, receiving more and more light and warmth from the spring sun, begin to grow after winter dormancy.

Transshipment Actively developing young plants are not replanted, but rather transshipped, without disturbing the earthen ball and without disturbing the roots that have grown through it. The plant is removed from the pot that has become cramped and transferred as is to another, slightly larger pot (the diameter of the new pot should be only 2-3 cm larger than the previous one), adding fresh substrate to the bottom and sides of the pot when replanting; watered. Transshipment instead of replanting is recommended for plants that suffer greatly from disturbance of the root system during the replanting process (for example, palm trees are only recommended to be transshipped, and in case of forced replanting, their long roots should never be cut off, but placed in a ring in a pot). It is advisable to transship rather than replant plants in autumn and winter - after all, at this time the plants are at rest, and replanting can greatly harm them.

Hygiene is very important for the plant. To ensure that the plant is well-groomed and that fallen leaves or flowers do not cause mold and rot, yellowing leaves and wilted flowers must be removed in a timely manner.

Some plants require a period of rest. Follow it. If you disturb the plant's dormancy (for example, start feeding it intensively), it may get sick.

The plant must have a permanent place. You cannot move it from place to place and from room to room very often. Each move is not a big shock, but it is a shock for the plant.

Plants need fresh air, but not a draft! Drafts in late autumn and winter are very dangerous. In summer, many plants can be taken out onto the balcony.

Plant leaves accumulate dust, it closes the pores, and it is difficult for the plant to breathe. Large leaves, like ficus, monstera, chlorophytum, dieffenbachia, should sometimes be wiped with a damp cloth or napkin, and plants with small leaves can simply be sprayed or washed in the shower. ALOE DIFFENBACHIA

TOOLS FOR PLANT CARE


Indoor plants

The educational material was prepared by E.L. Soldatova. technology teacher at MBOU gymnasium No. 3

Irkutsk, 2016.


  • Classification of indoor plants
  • Diseases and pests
  • Arrangement of indoor plants in the interior

Classification of indoor plants

By form:

By appearance:

  • Shrubs;
  • With erect stems (tree-like; false palms; columnar);
  • Rosette (flat, funnel-shaped, succulent);
  • Ampelous and vines;
  • Globular;
  • Poaceae;
  • Decorative leaf;
  • Decorative flowering;
  • Fruit;
  • Bromeliads;
  • Cacti and succulents.

WITH STRAIGHT STEMMS

tree-like

columnar

false

palm trees

Crassula

tree-like

Stenocereus

aloe leaf


AMPEL AND LIANAS

ordinary

SINGONIUM

Ragwort

large-tongued


GRAINS

Calamus, sedge, arundinaria (bamboo), chlorophytum,

sansevieria, wallota.


spherical

Lophophora

Argyroderma


BUSHY

DIEFENBACHIA


SOCKET

Succulents

Funnel-shaped

Flat

Aloe dwarf

Guzmania

Saintpaulia

Haworthia striped

striped




Fruit plants

leguminous

Orange



Succulents

Pachyphytum

Adromiscus

spotted

ovoid

Gasteria

warty

false truncated

Argyroderma



Bromeliads

They themselves do not grow in the ground; they are attached to trees.

Evergreen guzmania, echmea, cryptanthus, vriesia.


  • Lighting
  • Temperature
  • Watering
  • Fertilizing (types of fertilizers, methods of fertilizing)
  • Transfer
  • Plant propagation
  • Diseases and pests of indoor plants

LIGHTING

Depending on the species, plants react differently to light intensity. Some grow and develop well in the sun and quickly wither in a dark corner; others do better in partial shade but cannot withstand direct sunlight.

It is very difficult to determine the intensity of lighting by eye. However, the plants themselves give us a clue. For example, with a lack of light, plant leaves are smaller and paler than usual; flowers are smaller or absent; the lower leaves turn yellow, dry out and fall off. But excess light can also be harmful to the plant - brown or gray spots from burns; the leaves of shade-loving plants wrinkle and die; During the day the leaves droop and become faded


TEMPERATURE REGIME

Heat is one of the basic conditions for plant life. Plant growth accelerates with increasing temperature, and slows down with decreasing temperature. But this is usually in the range from 12°C to 32°C; at higher or lower temperatures, plant growth slows down or stops. The temperature for good growth and development must be optimal. Those. for plants requiring moderate temperatures - 15-18 °C, cool - 12-15 °C, heat-loving plants - 18-22 °C.


FRESH AIR

Plant respiration occurs constantly, regardless of the time of day. During respiration, carbon dioxide, water and some energy are released. The process of respiration is characteristic of all parts of the plant, but to varying degrees. For example, flowers breathe more strongly than leaves, and leaves breathe more strongly than stems.


WATERING HOUSEPLANTS

Requires relatively little water:

Plants with hard, leathery or waxy leaves.

Plants with thick leaves and cacti, as they can store water for quite a long time.

Relatively much water is required:

Plants with large soft leaves.

Plants with a lot of leaves.


FEEDING HOUSE PLANTS


MOLDING


Appearance care

Mealy

dew

Lodging

seedlings

Dropsy

spotting

Rot

stems

leaves

Black

Rot

roots

Anthrocosis

Rust

Black

Gray

rot

leg

Virus


Lodging of seedlings

Symptoms: Fungi that cause lodging attack the roots and base of the stems of seedlings. Stems at soil level shrivel and rot, and plants fall over. Cause: Waterlogged, unsterilized soil and frequently planted plants. Help: At the first appearance of the disease, remove the affected seedlings, intensively ventilate the room and move the seedlings to a cooler place.


Stem rot

Symptoms: Part of the stem or crown of the plant becomes soft and rots. Cause: The fungus that causes the disease usually spreads quickly and kills the plant. Help: In the initial stage, you can try to save the plant by removing all the affected parts. In case of severe infection, the plant is thrown away along with the pot and soil.


Rust

Symptoms: Brown concentric circles appear on the underside of the leaf. Help: Affected leaves are removed and burned, fresh air is provided to the plant and sprayed with mancozeb. Do not propagate the affected plant.


Gray rot

Symptoms: Looks like gray fluffy mold. Cause: Fungal spores carried by the wind settle on damaged parts of the plant. Their spread is facilitated by increased air moisture and moisture on the leaves. Help: Cut off and burn all affected parts. Remove moldy soil. Reduce watering, spray less often and place the plant in a ventilated place.


Dropsy

Symptoms: Dense corky growths form on the underside of the leaves. Cause: This disease is not caused by a fungus or bacteria - it is a plant reaction to waterlogging of the soil in low light conditions. Help: Remove severely affected leaves. Move the plant to a brighter place and reduce watering; after a while, healthy leaves will grow.


Black

Symptoms: The plaque is not dangerous for the plant, but it clogs the stomata and covers the leaf surface from light, growth slows down and the plant weakens. Cause: Black fungus appears on the sweetish secretions left on leaves by aphids, whiteflies and mealybugs. Help: The sooty deposits are washed off with a wet cloth, then the plant is washed with clean warm water.


Anthracnose

Symptoms: Dark spots appear on the leaves, and dark brown streaks may appear at the ends of the leaves. Cause: The disease develops in warm, humid conditions. Help: Remove and burn affected leaves, treat the plant with a systemic fungicide, stop spraying the leaves for a few weeks, and reduce watering.


Leaf spot

Symptoms: Weeping brown and yellowish spots. With severe damage, small spots increase in size and merge, affecting the entire leaf. Cause: Fungal spores brought by the wind, which primarily affect weakened plants. Help: Remove and destroy the affected parts of the plant.


Virus

Symptoms: There is no single symptom of a viral disease. As a rule, plant growth slows down and the stems become bent. Pale green or yellow dots or spots appear on the leaves. White streaks may appear on painted flowers. Cause: The infection is introduced by insects or the plant becomes infected in the greenhouse before it goes on sale. Help: There are no control measures - if you are sure of the diagnosis, the plant should be discarded.


Powdery mildew

Symptoms: A white powdery coating forms on the upper side of the leaves, which later turns brown. Cause: Fungal spores carried by the wind. Excess fertilizer, a humid-warm place and too dense planting contribute to the spread of infection. Help: The affected parts are removed and destroyed. The plant is sprayed with horsetail decoction or a fungicide containing lecithin. Another method is to pollinate the leaves with sulfur. Provide the plant with access to fresh air.


Root rot (tuber rot)

Symptoms: The leaves turn yellow and wither, then quickly darken and the plant dies. The roots turn red or brown. Cause: Fungal disease of roots due to waterlogged soil. Help: In the early stages of the disease, you need to cut off all damaged roots and parts of the plant, replant it in a new pot and fresh soil, water it with a solution of carbendazim, water without over-wetting the soil.


"Blackleg"

Symptoms: Disease of stem cuttings. Cause: The base of the cutting turns black due to infection by the Botrytis fungus. The development of the disease is facilitated by waterlogging or soil compaction, which impedes drainage. Help: The diseased cuttings are removed as soon as possible. When you plant cuttings, the soil should not be waterlogged; Do not cover cuttings with glass or polyethylene.


Plant pests are animal organisms that damage various types of plants.

Nematode

Caterpillar

Cyclamen

Cobwebby

Grape

Whitefly

mosquitoes

Mealy

Earwig


Whitefly

Tiny white insect. Adult insects are inconspicuous; greenish larvae cover the underside of the leaves and suck out the juice. Symptoms: Light "sucking" spots on the leaves, later - leaf fall. Small white flies that fly up from any shaking. Cause: They arrive by air or fall together with other plants. Their development is favored by a humid climate. Help: Reduce the temperature and place the plant in a dry place. Insecticides help little, but you can spray with permethrin-containing preparations every three days.


Mealybug

Small insects covered with white cotton wool. Gathers in large colonies on stems and leaves. Symptoms: Cotton-like deposits on leaves. With severe damage, the leaves wither, turn yellow and fall off. Cause: Dry and warm air promotes their spread. Help: Increase air humidity and place the plant in a cooler place. Remove the “cotton wool” with a damp cloth or cotton swab. For severe infestations, spray weekly with a systemic insecticide.


Small brown plaques attached to the underside of the leaf along the veins. Symptoms: Stickiness of leaves unevenly covered with yellowish spots; If the damage is severe, the leaves dry out and fall off. Cause: Scale insects pierce the leaves and suck out the juices. Help: Remove with a wet cloth or damp swab and brush with a soap-alcohol solution or spray with a systemic insecticide. Place the plant in a cooler place and increase the air humidity.


Caterpillar

Caterpillars of various types of insects can infect greenhouse plants, but they rarely attack indoor plants. Symptoms: Holes in leaves, some types of caterpillars twist leaves into silky threads. Cause: Help: They are collected by hand and destroyed.


Earwig

A garden and household pest with a dark brown body and two pincer-like appendages. It hides during the day and eats leaves and petals at night. Symptoms: Holes form on the leaves, until the leaf tissue completely disappears. Help: Collect insects by hand, looking under the leaf, shake off the flowers.


This tiny black insect is not very dangerous. Thrips fly or crawl from leaf to leaf, leaving behind characteristic silvery streaks. Symptoms: Yellow spots appear on the leaves, soon beginning to turn silver-gray; brown spots on the underside of the leaf. Flowers become stained and deformed. The growth of the entire plant slows down. Cause: The larvae pierce the leaves and suck out the juice. They reproduce well in warm and dry air. Help: Increase air humidity, spray with water and, if necessary, insecticides.


Red spider mite

A very small sucking arthropod, it settles on the underside of the leaves of almost all indoor plants growing in warm, dry air. Symptoms: Thin whitish cobwebs under and between leaves. The upper side of the leaf becomes covered with yellowish spots, the leaves fall off prematurely. Cause: They either appear with the plant or are brought by the wind. Help: Increase air humidity. If the plant tolerates this, you can wrap it in a transparent plastic bag for several days. At the first sign of infection, spray the plant with derris or a systemic insecticide.


Grape elephant

The beetles attack leaves, but the real danger comes from the up to 2.5 cm long, cream-colored larvae that live in the soil and eat roots, bulbs and tubers. Symptoms: Leaves wither for no apparent external reason. Cause: They appear along with the plant or are brought in from the street. Help: Water the soil with a systemic insecticide.


A small green insect, but can be black, gray or orange. Symptoms: The leaves become sticky, sometimes deformed, the tops of the shoots and flowers wither. Cause: Sucks juice from the soft tissues of plants. It comes from the street in the spring. Help: At the first sign, spray with soapy water or nettle decoction. Cut off parts of the plant that are significantly damaged and treat the entire plant with permethrin-containing preparations or apply derris.


Fungus gnats

The small black adult insects that fly around the plant are harmless. The danger comes from tiny white worm-like larvae with black heads that hatch from eggs. Symptoms: The larvae feed on organic debris in the soil, sometimes devouring young plant roots. Help: Water the soil with insecticide and do not over-wet the substrate.


Nematode

These are microscopic thread worms that come to us along with flower soil. Symptoms: The leaves between the veins turn yellow, then turn brown or black and finally fall off. Cause: Worms brought along with flower soil penetrate the stem, leaves and flowers. Help: Remove and destroy fallen parts, change the substrate, reduce air humidity.


Cyclamen mite

Tiny ticks. When there are a lot of them, they look like a layer of dust on the underside of the leaves. Symptoms: Curled, deformed leaves and flowers, stunted growth. Cause: Mites pierce the plant and suck out the juices. Ticks prefer a moist, warm environment. Help: Destroy the affected parts of the plant, and if this is not possible, then destroy the entire plant. Spraying with conventional insecticides does not bring results, and special insecticides are very poisonous.






  • Hessayon ​​D.G. All about indoor plants.
  • http://mirvzeleni.com/komnatnye-rastenija.

HOUSE PLANTS IN THE INTERIOR

Technology teacher

MBOU Secondary School No. 1, Korolev M. o.

Monina Anna Alexandrovna


Lesson Objectives

  • Educational - introduce students to the role of indoor plants in human life; study the technology, rules for caring for various types of indoor plants and their placement in the room depending on the type.
  • Educational - instill a desire for beauty and comfort in the design of the surrounding interior.
  • Developmental - develop aesthetic taste, broaden your horizons.
  • Career guidance – introduction to the profession of phytodesigner.

The role of indoor plants in the interior.

It's hard to imagine a house without flowers these days. Advice from video ecology experts: people in the room where they are on duty should definitely start

indoor flowers, because they improve mood, purify and humidify the air, and also destroy harmful microorganisms.


Rules for caring for indoor plants.

Success in gardening depends on the correct choice of plants that match the indoor conditions in their natural properties.


Conditions of detention.

  • tropical plants (Tradescantia, ferns) - require a lot of heat.
  • Subtropical (geranium, Chinese rose) - require a lot of moisture.
  • Shade-tolerant (monstera, begonias) - tolerate low light.
  • Photophilous (aloe, lemon, asparagus) – demanding of light.
  • Fresh air Well-ventilated areas are beneficial for most plants.

Conditions of care.

  • For further normal growth and development of plants, care is required, which includes: choosing appropriate soil, watering, cleaning, fertilizing, replanting or transshipment.

FLOWER POTS .

Indoor plants are grown in pots with the top wider than the bottom or in wide bowls. This shape makes it easy to knock out plants from the container when transplanting. Before planting plants in them, new pots are well soaked, and old ones are thoroughly washed in hot water and dried over a fire.


Soil mixtures.

  • Each plant needs to choose the appropriate soil mixture , consisting of leaf (peat and humus) and turf soil, sand. Different plants require different soil compositions.

Watering.

  • Its frequency and amount of water depends on the type of plant, development phase and time of year. It is recommended to water with water at a temperature 2-3 degrees higher than the ambient temperature.

Watering groups.

  • Abundant watering (begonias, ficus, ivy, lemon) - water as soon as the top layer of soil dries.
  • Moderate watering (chlorophytum, palm trees, asparagus) - water 1-2 days after the top layer of soil dries.
  • Rare watering (cacti, aloe, gloxinia, hippeastrum) - can be left without watering for weeks or even months.

Most plants are watered deeply in summer and moderately in winter.

In spring and summer, plants must be sprayed (just not in the sun).


Cleaning.

  • To improve photosynthesis, prevent diseases and damage to plants by pests, regular cleaning, i.e. washing the leaves, helps. Plants with pubescent leaves are cleaned of dust with a soft brush.

Feeding.

  • Plants require additional nutrition to survive - feeding . It consists of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus fertilizers, which are not enough in the soil. Plants are fed during growth (spring and summer), after watering them with water.

Transfer.

As the plant grows and its root system increases, it is necessary transfer(replacement of soil without preserving the coma). Pots are chosen larger than the previous ones by 2 - 3 cm. Plants are replanted from the end of February to May.


Transshipment.

For plants that do not tolerate replanting, it is used transshipment, i.e., the plant is transferred to a new, larger container while preserving the coma. The lump with the plant is placed on a new drainage layer and the empty spaces between the wall of the pot and the lump are filled with soil, the earth is compacted. You can transship the plant at any time of the year.


Seeds.

Cuttings.

The soil should have average humidity and the temperature should not be lower than 25 degrees.


Technology for growing indoor plants.

Dividing the bush.

By dividing the tubers.

The separated parts are planted in pots of appropriate sizes.

The tubers are divided so that each part has a peephole.


Technology for growing indoor plants.

Bulbs.

Vaccinations.

The bulbs are separated in the spring after flowering and planted in pots in light soil.

Merging a scion with a rootstock. It is used to preserve the varietal characteristics of the propagated plant.


Hydroponics .

  • Growing plants on artificial nutrient media in which all the necessary nutrients are given in an easily digestible form, in the required ratios and concentrations. Plants with this method of cultivation are placed in hydropots.

Technology for growing flowers without soil.

  • Substrates– inert soil substitutes: gravel, vermiculite, perlite, expanded clay, coarse sand, moss, peat. They are easy to disinfect, do not enter into chemical reactions with mineral salts dissolved in water, and provide good air access to the roots.

Technology for growing flowers without soil.

  • The root collar of the plants is secured with clamps on the lid of the box, which is filled with a nutrient solution so that 1/3 of the roots are in the solution, and 2/3 in the airy, moist space between the poured solution and the lid of the box.

Aeroponics – substrate-free method of growing plants (air culture).



derived from the ancient Greek phyton - “plant” and English desiqn - “to make a plan, to design”. Thus, phytodesign is the design and decoration of a person’s living space using living plants.

Word phytodesign -


For each style and for each room there are different types of plants that are designed to regulate humidity, oxygen levels, and absorb dust and harmful substances.

The correct selection of plants is the key to success, because a thoughtful phytodesign in any room will benefit all its inhabitants.


Placing indoor plants in the interior.

  • Before you start working on the composition, you need to determine where it will be located. It is necessary to take into account the plant community of plants and their physiological characteristics. Plants must be correctly selected in size, appearance, shape and growth rate, structure and ability to group.
  • In addition to the basic placement techniques (single, compositions of potted plants, indoor garden and terrarium), there is a wide variety of combined compositions using potted, forced and cut flowers.

Single plants.

  • Evergreen or flowering - placed on the floor, stand, windowsill. They can be miniature (cyclamen, begonia) or large (ficus, palm).

Composition of potted plants.

  • Placed on shelves, shelves, stands. Flower pots are placed close to each other to form a large green spot: background – a tall plant with large leaves, foreground – lower.

Indoor kindergarten.

  • A container with plants planted in the ground or in separate pots and decorated with moss and pebbles. He might. both miniature and forming a large composition.

Terrarium.

  • Flower arrangement inside a glass vessel.

Profession PHYTODESIGNER.

  • Field of activity : man is nature and man is an artistic image.
  • Phytodesigner – a specialist in creating interior design projects using flowers and ornamental plants. A phytodesigner cannot do without knowledge in the field of botany, agronomy, biology, chemistry, because this specialist must know the name of the plant, where it comes from, how to care for it, how a particular flower gets along with its “colleagues,” what fertilizers are needed use in this or that case, etc. Plus, you need to understand the trends in floral fashion, know what the design principles are, what design styles exist, etc.

LITERATURE.

  • ABC of flowers / Comp. I. V. Roshal - St. Petersburg: Crystal; Tertsia, 1998.
  • Kapranova N. N. Indoor plants in the interior - M.: Publishing house - Moscow State University, 1989.
  • Strashnov V. G. Your home - beauty and comfort. – M.: Moscow. worker, 1990.
  • Semyonova A. N. Indoor plants: friends and enemies. – St. Petersburg: Publishing House “Nevsky Prospekt”, 1998.
  • D – r D. G. Hessayon. All about indoor plants. Translation from English O. I. Romanova. – M.: “Storehouse – Books”, 2005.

INTERNET RESOURCES.

  • Article “Hydroponic method of growing plants without soil”:

http://www.floralworld.ru/gidroponica.html

  • Article “Profession designer”:

http://www.moeobrazovanie.ru/professija_fitodizainer.html

  • Article “What is phytodesign and why is it needed”:

http://pocmok.ru/tree2398.htm

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Slide captions:

Get acquainted with the role of indoor plants in human life, with ways of placing them in the interior. Learn how to transplant plants.

The custom of decorating a home with plants arose in a country with a pronounced change of seasons in order to retain a green island of wildlife at home. In Russia, the first owners of greenhouses and winter gardens were Prince Golitsyn and Count Sheremetyev.

Human life is connected with nature, with the life of plants. Since ancient times, people have decorated themselves and their homes and shrines with flowers and plants, expressed gratitude for courage and bravery, and awarded them for services to the fatherland.

Phytodesign is the art of interior design, creating compositions using plants

Indoor garden Terrarium Single plants

JARDINIERE - a light stand, a bookcase or an elegant, artistically designed box, basket for house flowers. From French - this is a mini-garden, that is, a garden in the house.

Grass-like Plants with erect stems Lianas and hanging plants Rosette plants Globular plants Bushy plants

Plant selection; Acquisition and transportation; Selection and preparation of soil; Selection and preparation of containers; Landing; Watering and spraying; Cleaning; Feeding;

A cluster (from the English cluster - bunch, cluster) is a graphical model, a diagram in the form of a branched tree, where elements with similar parameters are collected.

Work progress: Remove the plant from the pot Make drainage for the new pot. Select a soil mixture appropriate for the plant. Perform transshipment (transfer). Water. Place the plant in a dimly lit area of ​​the classroom. Clear your work area.

REFLECTION What I liked most about the lesson was the work….. I managed to find out…. I would like to advise myself to read…..

Compose a crossword puzzle on the topic “Indoor plants in the interior of an apartment” Compose a plant passport, which indicates the following data: name of the plant, family, homeland of the plant, degree of illumination; temperature conditions in summer and winter, watering, replanting.


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